if an graphics printer is present. (Sup-
ported printers are discussed in the configuration file section
under PTYPE.) Depending on the display adapter and printer, this
may require several minutes. (A typical EGA graphics screen dump
is about 30k, roughly the size of a ten page document, and takes
as long to print.) Printing may be abandoned at any time by
pressing a key.


BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 19


Users with a printer not listed may want to try using the
key which will usually require that the program
GRAPHICS.COM (from the DOS system diskette) be run before BALLIS-
TIC is started. Neither method will work with all display and
printer combinations. (Registered users may, of course, contact
the author and request support for their particular printer.)

E. Plotting Other Functions
When the plotting command is first issued, a plot of the
bullet's trajectory versus range is immediately generated. Plots
of several other parameters as a function of range are also
available. Pressing will present the user with a plot of
velocity, with momentum, with deflection and with the
bullet's kinetic energy. The original trajectory plot may be
restored by pressing .

F. Miscellaneous Graphics Commands
Pressing or the key will return the user to the
sight table prompt. will toggle the appearance of a grid on
the plot and will provide a short help screen.











































BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 20






8. THE BALLISTIC TABLE

The primary purpose of BALLISTIC is to produce a "ballistic
table" showing the remaining velocity at given ranges. The pro-
gram is also capable of supplying a wealth of additional informa-
tion derived from these values. (Refer to Fig. 4)

A. The Table Header
The ballistic table header merely provides a "data echo" of
the conditions used to produce the accompanying table. In addi-
tion to the table title and other user supplied data, two cal-
culated values are displayed here.
Sectional density of the bullet is defined as the weight of
the projectile in pounds, divided by the square of its diameter
(in inches). Sectional density can provide the reloader with a
handle on two important pieces of information. First, it provides
a measure of how fast a bullet can be safely "pushed". Certainly
for a given caliber, bullets with a high sectional density should
not be loaded to as high a velocity as bullets with a low value.
Secondly, a bullet with high sectional density will tend to have
greater penetration than a projectile with a smaller value. An
excellent discussion of sectional density and its relation to
hunting bullets may be found in June 1988 issue of The American
Rifleman. ("From the Loading Bench: Sectional Density Counts",
page 16)

B. Functions of Merit
There is great interest in a simple calculation that would
allow shooters to rank quantitatively the terminal performance of
their loads. Given the difficulty of obtaining reliable scien-
tific data on stopping power (the subjects tend to object...), a
universally accepted description of it has been a Holy Grail
among gun gurus for practically as many years as there have been
cartridges. (It has been the author's observation that many
shooters find a gun that they like FIRST, THEN try to justify it
with the calculation that makes their choice look best!) In the
interest of peace and harmony, the user may choose one of six
"functions of merit" to be displayed in the header. These are,
IPSC Power Factor, Tappen WAVE Function, Taylor Knock Out, Josse-
rand Energy Transfer, Hatcher RSP or Coefficient of Form (i). The
user can specify his particular choice with BALISTIC.CFG (section
9). Default is the Coefficient of Form (which plays no favor-
ites). All functions are determined using the muzzle velocity
rather than velocity at range.
The coefficient of form relates the shape of the bullet in
question to the shape of the projectile used in constructing the
drag function.
The IPSC Power Factor is a number used by the International
Practical Shooting Confederation to determine whether a compet-
itor's handgun load is to be scored as "major" or "minor" cali-
ber. It is calculated by multiplying the bullet weight in grains
by the initial velocity and dividing by 1000. Any load whose
power factor is over 175 is scored as major. Factors between 125
and 175 are scored as minor caliber. Loads with a power factor of
less than 125 are not legal for IPSC competition.
Taylor Knock Out was devised by John Taylor to describe his
experiences with bullet performance in large game. It's defined


BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 21


as bullet weight (in pounds) times velocity times the bullet
diameter in inches. (See "African Rifles and Cartridges" by John
Taylor for a more thorough description.)
General Julian Hatcher, following his involvement in the
Thompson-LaGarde experiments in wound ballistics, established a
widely used scale he called the Relative Stopping Power (RSP). A
simplified version has been credited to Mel Tappan in his book
SURVIVAL GUNS. Called the WAVE factor, (for Weight, Area, Velo-
city and Efficiency) it is typically about 1/2 the actual RSP
listed by Hatcher. Defined (as the name implies) as the product
of weight, area, and velocity divided by 1000, it is frequently
modified by a rather arbitrary bullet shape factor (the effici-
ency). Hatcher gave a "slightly flat pointed" bullet an effici-
ency of 1.0, and scaled everything else from 0.9 (for round nosed
bullets) to 1.25 (for semi-wadcutters or jacketed hollow points).
Tappen also adopted this factor. In the value provided by BALLIS-
TIC the efficiency is ALWAYS assumed to be 1.0 and any scaling
for bullet shape must be done by the user.
Recently popular, (although first described some time ago)
is the concept of "energy transfer" or "energy dump" as an ap-
proximation of stopping power. The Josserand Energy Transfer
Function provided by BALLISTIC is defined as the product of area
and kinetic energy.

C. Energy
The kinetic energy of a moving body is described by 1/2
times the mass of the body multiplied by the square of its veloc-
ity. It may be thought of as the amount of work the bullet can do
on its target. The unit (foot-pounds) is the amount of work nec-
essary to lift an object weighing 1 pound to a height of 1 foot.
Many hunters feel this quantity is good to use when determining
the suitability of a given load for a particular game animal as
(under certain conditions) it is probably related to the "killing
power" of a projectile. One cannot rely entirely on this simpli-
fied picture, however, as terminal ballistics is also concerned
with bullet and target construction.

D. Momentum
As, in any collision of moving bodies, momentum is con-
served, it may be thought of as the "striking" or "knockdown"
power of a projectile. This can be slightly misleading, however,
as the conservation applies only to the total "system" of par-
ticles. If, for example, the bullet completely penetrates the
target, it may retain a large portion of its original momentum,
transferring to the target only that part it actually lost. It is
defined as the mass of a body times its velocity.

E. Maximum Ordinate
The maximum ordinate calculated by BALLISTIC is the greatest
distance that a projectile will pass above a straight reference
line drawn from the muzzle to its current position at any given
range. It is NOT the same as the mid-range trajectory which is
defined as the bullet's trajectory (above the line of sight)
exactly half way to the indicated range. It is also slightly
different from the maximum height (which is also referenced to
the line of sight).

F. Deflection
Deflection is the amount of sideways motion which can be
attributed to the action of a crosswind on the projectile. This
value is directly proportional to wind speed, that is, if the


BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 22


wind at the site is 5 m.p.h. and the figures calculated are for
10 m.p.h., simply divide the table values by 2.
Deflection should not be confused with drift, the sideways
motion caused by the bullet's spin. Deflection is typically a
much larger figure. For example, at 1000 yards the drift of a .30
caliber service bullet is only about 7 inches. Compare this value
with the roughly 175 inches of deflection produced by the same
bullet in a 10 m.p.h. cross wind.

G. Drop
From the instant a bullet leaves the barrel, gravity and air
resistance conspire to bend its path from that along which it was
originally projected (the bore line, NOT the line of sight). A
bullet's drop is the distance it has fallen away from that ini-
tial path, known as the line of departure. This is that quantity
to which shooters refer when speaking about the "flatness" of a
particular loading.

H. Lead
Lead is primarily of interest to those who hunt. By now,
most experienced hunters will have realized that aiming directly
at an animal running across the path of the bullet is almost
guaranteed to produce a miss. By the time the bullet has got to
the point of aim, the animal is somewhere else. The trick, then,
is to know how far ahead of the target one needs to aim so bullet
and target arrive in the same place at the same instant.
In BALLISTIC, the units used for this figure are "inches per
m.p.h. of target speed" and are used as follows. Imagine a target
moving 10 m.p.h. across the path of the bullet at a distance of
100 yards. Examining the table (Fig. 4) produces a value of
2.0 in./m.p.h. at that distance, so the proper target lead would
be (10 m.p.h.) times (2.0 in./m.p.h.) or 20.0 inches. Wind speed
(deflection) is NOT taken into account during the calculation of
lead.

I. Time of Flight
Time of flight is simply that; the amount of time, in se-
conds, necessary for a bullet to travel the distance from the
muzzle to the indicated range.

J. Trajectory
Loosely speaking, trajectory is the path of a moving projec-
tile. BALLISTIC provides both tabular and graphic representations
of this path, relative to the weapon's line of sight, i.e., the
line drawn directly from the sights (either "iron" or telescopic)
to the target. The user should note that the actual trajectory of
a small arms bullet coincides with the line of sight at only two
places. Once, a few yards from the muzzle, (when its motion rela-
tive to the line of sight is upward) and again at the targeted
(or "sighted in") distance (when it crosses in a downward direc-
tion).
Trajectory may be described in several ways, but the two
most common are "inches" and "minutes of angle". When expressed
in inches it is the actual distance of the projectile above or
below the line of sight. This value may be converted to the ne-
cessary angular correction (minutes of angle, or M.O.A.) by ap-
plying the conversion factor of 1 M.O.A. = 1.047 inches/100 yds.
This value is particularly useful as most sight adjustments are
calibrated in minutes of angle. Target scopes are usually cali-
brated at 1/4 minute per "click", while iron sights may be as
much as 1 minute per click. (In this notation, minutes do NOT


BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 23


refer in any way to units of time, but rather to 1/60th of an
angular degree.) BALLISTIC provides both systems in its trajec-
tory tables.
Shooting at a target either uphill or downhill will cause
the bullet to shoot higher than it is aimed. Under these condi-
tions, the projectile doesn't make a second crossing of the line
of sight until AFTER the targeted distance. The term "level
firing" used here may be slightly misleading. Most small arms are
sighted so the initial angle of the bullet's departure is very
slightly up. (This angle is known as the "angle of departure",
and for a typical rifle, is less than one degree.) Firing uphill
or downhill usually produces a tilt that dwarfs this small value.



















































BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 24






9. THE CONFIGURATION FILE

Version 4.00 of BALLISTIC will allow certain program de-
faults to be overridden with a configuration file, BALISTIC.CFG.
The file is searched for ONLY in the current directory when
BALLISTIC is first started and is NOT necessary for operating the
program.

A. Using the Configuration File
The configuration file is a user-created, ascii text file,
each line of which contains the name of the parameter to be
changed, one or more spaces, and the new value. Parameters listed
as "must be integer" may NOT contain a decimal point or exponen-
tial notation. Certain parameters may only accept ON and OFF (or
similar string choices) as values. Entries are NOT case specific.
The following file would turn off the bell, set the default
altitude to 2000 feet and set the video write mode to BIOS:

BELL OFF
Altitude 2000
video bios


B. Allowable Parameters
The following parameters are allowable for BALLISTIC v4.00:

ALTITUDE - The altitude to be used in the ballistic table
and ballistic coefficient calculations. May be REAL.
The default value is zero.

BELL - Controls whether the console bell is rung for
errors detected by the program. Allowable values are
ON and OFF. The default is BELL ON.

BKG - Determines the background text screen color. Allow-
able values are 0 through 7. Must be INTEGER. The
default value is 0. This parameter is illegal for
systems having only a monochrome text/graphics card.
Following are the colors corresponding to each value:
0 - Black 4 - Red
1 - Blue 5 - Magenta
2 - Green 6 - Brown
3 - Cyan 7 - Lt. Gray

COLOR - The text color. Default is 7. See BKG for a de-
scription of allowable values and restrictions.

FUNCTION - The "function of merit" to be displayed in the
table header. Default is 0, for Coefficient of Form.
The choices are described in more detail in section
8B. Acceptable values are:
0 - Coefficient of Form
1 - IPSC Power Function
2 - Taylor Knock Out (TKO) Value
3 - Tappen WAVE Function
4 - Josserand Energy Transfer Function
5 - Hatcher Relative Stopping Power (RSP)


BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 25



GREENHILL - This option specifies a new Greenhill number
for use in the minimum twist calculation. Acceptable
values range from 75.0 to 200.0. The default is 150.0.

GRID - This option informs the program whether the grid
should initially appear in the Plot function. This may
also be toggled from the Plot function itself. Allow-
able values are ON and OFF.

PCHECK - The type of printer check to be performed by
BALLISTIC before printing tabular data. Non-IBM
printers and computers may have trouble with the BIOS
level check. Default is 2. Acceptable values are:
0 - Don't perform any check
1 - Perform BIOS check of printer
2 - Prompt for user check
3 - Perform both checks

PRESSURE - The atmospheric pressure used for the ballis-
tic table and ballistic coefficient calculations. May
be REAL. The default value is dependent on the func-
tion file chosen.

PRINTER - Line width in characters of the system printer.
Must be an INTEGER value from 80 to 200. Default is
80.

PTYPE - Type of graphics printer connected to system.
This option is only used by the graphic screen dump
routine. Default is 0, for no graphics printer. Cur-
rently supported values are:
0 - No graphics printer
1 - Hewlett Packard LaserJet
2 - Star SG-10 (in IBM mode)
3 - IBM Proprinter
4 - IBM Graphics Printer
5 - Epson FX-80
6 - C. Itoh 8510A
7 - Hewlett Packard PaintJet

TEMPERATURE - The temperature to be used for ballistic
table and ballistic coefficient calculations. May be
REAL. The default value is dependent on the function
file chosen.

TCHECK - Determines whether the program performs a check
sum test of the function file after reading it. De-
fault value is ON, allowable values are ON or OFF.

VIDEO - Determines the method used to write to the
screen. Allowable values are BIOS and DIRECT. BIOS
causes all output to be done through the use of system
BIOS calls. This mode may be useful for computers/
graphics adapters that are not 100% compatible with
the IBM PC family. It does, however, significantly
slow output. Using the DIRECT option causes all screen
output to be written directly to video memory. Default
is DIRECT.




BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 26






10. SOURCES OF DATA

Much of the data necessary for ballistic calculations is
readily available. Even the ballistic coefficient can usually be
calculated from the information at hand. Following are suggested
sources for specific input data to the program.

A. Altitude
The calculation doesn't depend on altitude directly, but
rather on the way air temperature and pressure vary with alti-
tude. The program uses this value to determine what the "stan-
dard" temperature and pressure are for a given ballistic func-
tion. Users can look up the actual altitude of their location in
an almanac or one of the U.S. Department of the Interior "Quad-
rangle Maps" available at many sporting goods or camping stores.
Either jot it down near the computer so it can be entered when
the program is run or add it to the configuration file as de-
scribed in section 9.

B. Ballistic Coefficient
This will probably be the most difficult number to find.
Those who reload will usually be able to get this value from the
manufacturer of their bullets. (Speer and Sierra, for instance,
print this data in their reloading manuals.) The value for other
bullets may sometimes be estimated by comparing bullet shapes,
provided the bullet is of the same caliber. Comparing the bullet
in question to a specially prepared chart of shapes is often more
accurate. The DuPont Company at one time produced a series of
these and other useful charts, called "A Short Cut To Ballis-
tics". The complete set is supplied with Ackley's handbook and
the specific chart for estimating ballistic coefficients is re-
printed in HATCHER'S NOTEBOOK.
BALLISTIC will itself calculate the coefficient in certain
cases. Both the initial and remaining velocity at a fixed range
must be known. This data is available for factory loaded ammuni-
tion in manufacturers' literature and sources such as SHOOTERS
BIBLE. (A short section of coefficients for several factory
loadings calculated using this program and Ingalls' table may be
found in Appendix C.)

C. Bullet Weight, Length, and Caliber
These are easy. On factory-loaded ammunition or components,
bullet weight (in grains) and caliber will be written on the box.
Those who cast their own bullets will need to weigh several sam-
ples prepared with the actual alloy used. Take the average of
half a dozen or so and use that value. A sufficiently accurate
value for bullet length may be found with a ruler.

D. Gun and Powder Weights
These two are needed only to calculate the amount of recoil
generated by a given load. The weight of a rifle can usually be
found accurately enough on a bathroom-type scale. Actual weights
of most firearms can be found in manufacturers' literature as
well as in such sources as SHOOTER'S BIBLE, GUN DIGEST, and pro-
duct reviews in many magazines. The user shouldn't forget to add
in the weight of scopes, slings, custom stocks or any other
accessories.


BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 27


Powder weights will be known if performing calculations for
handloads. If using factory loads, try estimating by comparing to
available reloading data. Find a load that moves a bullet of
similar construction (jacketed, soft lead, etc.) to about the
same muzzle velocity.

E. Specific Gravity of Bullet Alloy
This value is only required for calculating the minimum
necessary twist for stabilization. Two more or less standard
values are 11.34 for pure lead, and 10.90 for a typical jacketed
bullet. Other values are very difficult to find in the litera-
ture. Hatcher, describes a fairly simple way to measure this
quantity, but the two values above should be sufficiently accu-
rate for most practical purposes.
Appendix D of this document contains a short compilation of
specific gravity data for some common Lead/Tin/Antimony alloys.
These were taken primarily from volume one of the American So-
ciety of Metals METALS HANDBOOK.

F. Temperature, Atmospheric Pressure, Wind
Suitably accurate values for temperature and pressure can be
obtained from a weather report or newspaper. As with altitude,
the calculation isn't terribly sensitive to these factors, so,
unless the range is in the Sahara Desert or Antarctica, they can
probably be ignored. (It CAN be interesting to set up a ballistic
table and vary them just to see what happens... Experiment!) The
same suggestion applies; try the program with and without cor-
recting and see if the difference is big enough to notice.
Bear in mind that this program examines the effect of these
variables only on the ballistic coefficient. Temperature, for
instance, will also change the initial velocity of a load, a
factor beyond the ability of this program to calculate. (Tables
describing this effect can be found in both the Speer reloading
manual and Ackley's handbook.) Temperature and pressure are also
valid parameters for use in the configuration file. (Section 9)
Wind direction can only be estimated at the actual shooting
site. Zero degrees indicates a wind blowing across the bullet's
path to either the right or left. Ninety degrees describes a wind
blowing either directly behind or directly into the bullet's
path. As this value is only used for calculating wind deflection,
a signed value isn't necessary. Also, since deflection is linear
with wind speed, leaving the value set for the default 10 mph
allows for easy interpolation at the range.

G. Velocity
Muzzle velocities of most factory ammunition can be found in
periodicals such as the SHOOTER'S BIBLE. Those who reload are
aware that estimated or reported velocities are usually listed
with the loading data for a particular cartridge.
The most effective way to find the velocity for a completely
unknown load is, of course, the chronograph. Unfortunately, few
people have access to one and their price puts them beyond the
reach of the casual buyer.
The author once built an inexpensive attachment that allowed
a Commodore-64 home computer to be used as a simple chronograph,
but its usefulness was limited since a source of house current
was still needed nearby... also, the C-64 isn't exactly portable.
The technique SHOULD be adaptable to many other home computers
and the author would be happy to discuss the project with regis-
tered users.
Ackley, in his book HANDBOOK FOR SHOOTERS AND RELOADERS,


BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 28


describes a simple "ballistic pendulum" that can be used to esti-
mate projectile velocities. No external power is necessary; it
relies on the kinetic energy of the bullet to swing a heavy mass.




























































BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 29





--==< B A L L I S T I C v4.00 >==--
Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu
All Rights Reserved.



- MAIN MENU -

1 ........ Calculate Ballistic Table.
2 .. Calculate Ballistic Coefficient.
3 .... Adjust Atmospheric Conditions.
4 ........ Select New Function Table.
5 .......... Miscellaneous Functions.
6 ............... Database Functions.
7 ................. Return to System.


Your Choice ? 1





---------------------( Fig. 1 - Main Menu )----------------------






--==< B A L L I S T I C v4.00 >==--
Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu
All Rights Reserved.



- CALCULATE BALLISTIC COEFFICIENT -

Please input:
Initial velocity ....(fps) 2820
Final velocity ......(fps) 2520
Range .............(yards) 100
Altitude ............(ft.) 0
Temperature ......(deg. F) 59.0
Atmos. pressure ..(in. Hg) 29.53

Effective Bal. Coeff. = 0.301
(Bal. Coeff. at STP = 0.301)




-------( Fig 2. - Calculating the Ballistic Coefficient )-------







BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 30





--==< B A L L I S T I C v4.00 >==--
Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu
All Rights Reserved.



- CALCULATE BALLISTIC TABLE -

Please input:
Initial velocity ...........(fps) 2820
Bullet weight ...........(grains) 147
Bullet diameter ............(in.) 0.308
Effective Bal. Coeff. ........... 0.301
Range ....................(yards) 100
Number of intervals .....(50 max) 10


Chart title (79 chars. max) ?
7.62 NATO - 147gr FMJ




------------------( Fig. 3 - Main input screen )-----------------


7.62 NATO - 147gr FMJ
(Calculated using G1 table)
Bullet Weight ......... 147 grains Bullet Caliber ........ 0.308
Sectional Density ..... 0.221 Coefficient of Form ... 0.735
Effective Bal. Coeff... 0.301 Bal. Coeff. at STP .... 0.301
Cross wind ............ 10.0 m.p.h. Altitude .............. 0 Ft.
Atmospheric pressure .. 29.53 in. Temperature ........... 59.0 F

Range Velocity Energy Momentum Mx. Ord. Defl. Drop Lead Time
yards f.p.s. ft-lb. lb.-sec. in. in. in. in/mph sec.
0 2820 2595.4 1.8407 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.000
10 2789 2538.8 1.8205 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.011
20 2758 2483.3 1.8005 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.022
30 2728 2428.8 1.7806 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.032
40 2698 2375.2 1.7609 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.044
50 2668 2322.6 1.7413 0.1 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.055
60 2638 2270.9 1.7218 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.066
70 2608 2220.1 1.7024 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.4 0.077
80 2579 2170.3 1.6832 0.4 0.7 1.5 1.6 0.089
90 2549 2121.3 1.6641 0.5 0.9 1.9 1.8 0.101
100 2520 2073.1 1.6451 0.6 1.1 2.4 2.0 0.113


1=Print 2=Form Feed 3=File 4=Sight Table 5=New Data 6=Main Menu ? 4


------------( Fig. 4 - The completed ballistic table )-----------







BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 31





--==< B A L L I S T I C v4.00 >==--
Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu
All Rights Reserved.



- ADJUST ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS -

Please input:
Bal. Coeff. at STP ........ 0.301
Altitude .............(ft.) 5000
Temperature .......(deg. F) 41.2
Atmos. pressure ...(in. Hg) 25.44
Wind speed ........(m.p.h.) 10.0
Angle from broadside (deg.) 0


Effective Ballistic Coefficient = 0.337





--------( Fig. 5 - Modifying the ballistic coefficient )--------






--==< B A L L I S T I C v4.00 >==--
Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu
All Rights Reserved.



- CALCULATE RECOIL -

Please input:
Initial velocity .....(fps) 2820
Weight of gun ........(lbs) 9.50
Weight of bullet ..(grains) 147
Weight of powder ..(grains) 43.0

Recoil Velocity = 8.8 fps
Recoil Energy = 11.5 ft-lbs
(Recoil due to bullet = 5.7 ft-lbs or 50%)





-----------------( Fig. 6 - Recoil calculation )----------------







BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 32





--==< B A L L I S T I C v4.00 >==--
Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu
All Rights Reserved.



- CALCULATE POINT BLANK RANGE -

Please input:
Initial velocity ...........(fps) 2820
Sight height ............(inches) 0.90
Max. dist. from sight line .(in.) 3.00
Effective Bal. Coeff. ........... 0.301

Targeted range for +/-3.00 inch path is 220 yds.
Point-blank range is 258 yds.
(100 yd. trajectory = +2.9 in.)






-----------( Fig. 7 - Calculating Point Blank Range )-----------






--==< B A L L I S T I C v4.00 >==--
Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu
All Rights Reserved.



- CALCULATE TWIST -

Please input:
Bullet diameter ......(in.) 0.308
Bullet length ........(in.) 1.20
Greenhill number .......... 150.0
Spec. Gravity of Bullet ... 10.90

Slowest twist allowing for stabilization is
1 turn in 11.9 inches.
(Helix angle = 4.7 degrees)





------------------( Fig. 8 - Calculating twist )----------------







BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 33





--==< B A L L I S T I C v4.00 >==--
Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu
All Rights Reserved.



- CALCULATE TRUE MUZZLE VELOCITY -

Please input:
Distance to first screen ...(ft.) 3.00
Distance between screens ...(ft.) 1.00
Instrumental Velocity ......(fps) 2820
Effective Bal. Coeff. ........... 0.301


Actual Muzzle Velocity = 2824 fps







---( Fig. 9 - Calculating muzzle velocity from instrumental )---






--==< B A L L I S T I C v4.00 >==--
Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu
All Rights Reserved.



- CALCULATE VELOCITY STATISTICS -

1 - 2820.0 6 - 2852.0*
2 - 2825.0 7 - 2827.0
3 - 2830.0 8 - 2818.0*
4 - 2835.0
5 - 2850.0*

Maximum = 2852.0, Minimum = 2818.0, Extreme Spread = 34.0
Average Velocity = 2832.1, Sample Standard Deviation = 12.8



1=Clear All 2=Delete 3=Correct 4=Add Entries 5=Exit ? 4


----------( Fig. 10 - Calculating velocity statistics )----------







BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 34




Appendix A
Glossary

BALLISTICS - The study of moving projectiles. Commonly, what is
meant is "exterior" ballistics, that is, the portion of the
bullet's flight between muzzle and target. "Interior" ballis-
tics refers to the portion between primer ignition and free
flight and "terminal" ballistics to what happens when the
bullet strikes its target.

BALLISTIC COEFFICIENT - The ratio of the sectional density of a
projectile to its coefficient of form. A measure of how well a
bullet retains its velocity. Commonly supplied by reloading
manufacturers, or it may be derived from their ballistic ta-
bles. Two types are used by the program. The STP value is that
which the bullet would have at the standard temperature and
atmospheric pressure for the table being used. The "effective"
value is the STP value modified for the actual atmospheric
conditions.

BULLET - The actual projectile in small arms ammunition. Commonly
corrupted to mean the entire cartridge.

BULLET WEIGHT - Weight of the actual projectile. Usually given in
grains.

CALIBER - Technically, the diameter of the barrel measured across
the lands. In practice, the diameter of the bullet.

CARTRIDGE - Fixed ammunition, including case, powder, primer, and
bullet, for small arms.

COEFFICIENT OF FORM - A number relating the ballistic efficiency
of a given shape to the shape of the projectile used to cal-
culate the ballistic table.

CROSS WIND ANGLE - The angle between the wind and line of depar-
ture.

DRIFT - Technically, the distance a bullet will travel horizon-
tally due to its spin. This effect is usually quite small,
amounting to about 7 inches at 1000 yards for a military M2
(30-06) cartridge. Often confused with wind deflection.

DEFLECTION - See wind deflection.

DROP - The distance a bullet will fall due to the influence of
gravity. Measured from the line of departure, not the line of
sight.

ENERGY - Here, the kinetic energy of a moving bullet, usually
given in ft-lbs. Equal to one half the mass of the bullet
multiplied by the square of the velocity.

F.P.S. - Feet per second. A unit of velocity.

FT.-LBS. - Foot pounds. A unit of energy equal to the effort
required to raise one pound to a height of one foot.



BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 35


GRAINS - A unit of weight equal to 1/7000 of a pound.

INGALLS' TABLES - A set of ballistic tables first calculated by
Col. J. M. Ingalls in 1918. Probably the most widely used
tables for small arms calculations. Other tables commonly used
include the British tables of 1909, 1929, Winchester's G ta-
bles and the Ordnance Department's J table.

I.H.M.S.A. - International Handgun Metallic Silhouette Associa-
tion.

I.P.S.C - International Practical Shooting Confederation.

LEAD - How far ahead of a moving target a shooter must aim to be
assured of hitting it. In BALLISTIC, the lead is given in
inches/m.p.h. of target speed. If the entry in the table is
"1.2", the lead for a target moving at 5 m.p.h., (perpendicul-
ar to the bullet's path) would be (5 * 1.2) 6.0 inches. Wind
speed is NOT taken into account in this calculation.

LINE OF DEPARTURE - An imaginary line formed by extending the
muzzle of the weapon. It coincides with the bullet's path only
while the bullet is actually in the barrel.

LINE OF SIGHT - An imaginary line from the center of the sights
to the point of aim. The bullet typically crosses this line
only twice; once, a few yards from the muzzle, and again at
the targeted distance.

MAXIMUM ORDINATE - The highest vertical distance above a line
from the muzzle to the bullet's current position. Sometimes
confused with the maximum height (which is referenced to the
line of sight).

M.O.A. - Minute of Angle. Equal to 1/60 of an angular degree. At
100 yards, 1 M.O.A. is approximately 1.047 inches.

MOMENTUM - Equal to the mass of a bullet multiplied by its veloc-
ity. Indicative of the striking or knockdown power of a pro-
jectile.

N.R.A - National Rifle Association. If you shoot, you SHOULD
belong to this organization.

POINT-BLANK RANGE - That range for which the bullet's path
doesn't vary from the line of sight by more than a given
amount.

POWER FACTOR - A number used in IPSC competition to determine
whether a handgun cartridge may be scored as a "major" or
"minor" caliber. Defined as the bullet weight (in grains)
divided by 1000 and multiplied by the velocity. Cartridges
with a power factor equal to or greater than 175 are consid-
ered "major". Cartridges ranking between 125 and 175 are
"minor" and those below 125 are not legal for IPSC competi-
tion.

S.A.A.M.I - Sporting Arms Ammunition Manufacturers Institute.

SECTIONAL DENSITY - The weight of a projectile (in pounds) di-
vided by the square of its diameter (in inches).


BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 36



SIGHT HEIGHT - The measured distance between the centerlines of
the sights and muzzle of a gun.

SPECIFIC GRAVITY - The ratio of the mass of a material to that of
an equal volume of water.

TARGETED RANGE - That distance where the path of the bullet
crosses the line of sight. (The "sighting in" distance.)

TIME OF FLIGHT - The time necessary for a bullet to travel from
the muzzle of a gun to a given range.

TRAJECTORY - The path of a moving projectile. Here, the number of
inches above or below the line of sight.

TWIST - Here, the rate of twist in the rifling of a gun barrel.
The minimum amount of twist necessary to stabilize a bullet in
flight can be determined from its length, density, and cali-
ber. Usually expressed as "1 turn in xx inches" where xx may
range from about 8 inches up to over 30. "Faster" twist trans-
lates to a smaller number. Minimum twist is the "slowest"
twist that will stabilize a given bullet.

WIND DEFLECTION - The amount of horizontal motion attributable to
the action of the wind. Often mistakenly called drift.






































BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 37




Appendix B
Information Sources


BALLISTICS:

Any intermediate physics (mechanics) text.
BALLISTICS ON THE HOME COMPUTER, American Rifleman, June
1983
BALLISTICS ON YOUR POCKET CALCULATOR, American Rifleman,
June 1987
BALLISTIC TABLES AND HOW TO USE THEM, American Rifleman,
December 1963
CALCULATING RECOIL, American Rifleman, March 1988
EXPLORING BALLISTICS WITH YOUR COMPUTER, Byte Magazine
September 1980
EXTERIOR BALLISTICS, McShane, Kelly and Reno, University of
Denver Press, 1953
HATCHER'S NOTEBOOK, Julian S. Hatcher, Harrisburg: Stackpole
Books, 1962
METALLIC CARTRIDGE RELOADING, Edward A. Matunas: DBI Books
SHOOT WITH A COMPUTER, Outdoor Life, January 1989
TRAJECTORY COMPUTATION SYSTEM FOR DIGITAL COMPUTER, SAAMI
publications, 1976



RELOADING:

CARTRIDGES OF THE WORLD, J.T. Amber, Northfield: Digest
Books, 1972
COMPLETE GUIDE TO HANDLOADING, Philip B. Sharpe, New York:
Funk & Wagnells Co., 1953
HANDBOOK FOR SHOOTERS AND RELOADERS, VOL I & II, P.O. Ackley,
Salt Lake City: Publisher's Press, 1965
HODGDON POWDER DATA MANUAL #25, Shawnee Mission, KS: Hodgdon
Powder Co. Inc., 1987
HORNADY HANDBOOK OF CARTRIDGE RELOADING, RIFLE-PISTOL, Grand
Island: Hornady Manufacturing Co., 1973
LYMAN RELOADING HANDBOOK #46, Middlefield: Lyman Products
for Shooters, 1970
NRA HANDLOADER'S GUIDE, Wash. D.C.: The National Rifle
Association of America, 1969
PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF HANDLOADING, Georgetown: Small
Arms Technical Publishing Co., 1954
SIERRA BULLETS RELOADING MANUAL, Santa Fe Springs: Sierra
Bullets, 1971
SPEER RELOADING MANUAL #10, Lewiston: Speer, Inc., 1979



STATISTICS:

DATA REDUCTION AND ERROR ANALYSIS FOR THE PHYSICAL SCIENCES,
Philip R. Bevington, New York: McGraw-Hill Co., 1969






BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 38


ASSOCIATIONS:

AMERICAN SHOOTING SPORTS COALITION, INC. - P.O. Box 1447,
Ft. Washington, PA 19034
FIREARMS COALITION (Neal Knox Associates) - Box 6537, Silver
Springs, MD 20906
GUN OWNERS OF AMERICA - 8001 Forbes Place (Suite 102),
Springfield, VA 22151
INTERNATIONAL HANDGUN METALLIC SILHOUETTE ASSOCIATION -
Box 1609, Idaho Falls, ID 83401
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION TO KEEP & BEAR ARMS - P.O. Box 78336,
Seattle, WA 98178
NATIONAL FIREARMS ASSOCIATION - P.O. Box 160038, Austin,
TX 78716
NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION - 1600 Rhode Island Ave. NW,
Washington, D.C. 20036
S. A. A. M. I. (SPORTING ARMS AMMUNITION MANUFACTURERS
INSTITUTE) - P.O. Box 838, Branford, Conn. 06405
SECOND AMENDMENT FOUNDATION - 12500 N.E. Tenth Place,
Bellvue, WA 98005



BULLETIN BOARDS/INFORMATION SERVICES:

BULLET'N BOARD BBS - Tanya Metaska, Sysop - (703) 971-4491
BBS of the Firearms Coalition. Legal updates, firearms
programs, Reload conference.
COMBAT ARMS BBS - Richard Bash, Sysop - (415) 537-1777
BBS of Combat Arms Gun Shop. Many firearms, legal, and
aviation programs. National Firearms Echo.
COMPUSERVE INFORMATION SERVICE - (check local numbers)
Outdoor forum (firearms and NRA conferences) LOTS of
useful information.
POLYMATH ONE BBS - D.G. Gabrial, Sysop - (609) 394-2608
BALLISTIC support board. PCRelay Firearms Echo.



























BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 39




Appendix C
Ballistic Coefficients for Factory Bullets

The coefficients listed here were calculated from tables
found in SHOOTER'S BIBLE No. 75 (1984) using the program and
Ingalls' function. No attempt was made to include every load,
instead, representative loads for each caliber were chosen.



Part 1 - Centerfire Pistol and Revolver


Cartridge Bullet Coefficient Manufacturer
================================================================
.25 ACP 50 FMC .174 F
.25 ACP 50 FMC .097 R,W
.380 ACP 85 STHP .105 W
.380 ACP 90 JHP .073 F
.380 ACP 95 FMC .082 F,R,W
9 mm 95 JHP .101 F,R,W
9 mm 115 FMC .128 W
9 mm 115 JHP .131 R,F
9 mm 115 STHP .131 W
9 mm 123 FMC .140 F
.38 SPEC. 110 STHP .147 W
.38 SPEC. 148 WC .062 F,R,W
.38 SPEC. 158 LRN .162 F,R,W
.357 MAG. 110 JHP .093 F,R,W
.357 MAG. 125 JHP .122 F,R,W
.357 MAG. 158 JSP .135 F,R,W
.44 MAG. 180 JHP .120 F,R
.44 MAG. 210 STHP .125 W
.44 MAG. 220 MCP .193 F
.44 MAG. 240 JHP .156 R
.44 MAG. 240 LGC .139 R
.45 ACP 185 MCWC .082 R,W
.45 ACP 185 JHP .152 F
.45 ACP 185 STHP .137 W
.45 ACP 230 FMC .165 R,W
.45 COLT 225 STHP .167 W
.45 COLT 225 SWCHP .172 F
.45 COLT 250 LRN .157 R


---------------
ABBREVIATIONS
Manufacturers: F=Federal, R=Remington, W=Winchester
Bullets: FMC=Full Metal Case, STHP=Silver Tip Hollow Point,
JHP=Jacketed Hollow Point, MCWC=Metal Case Wadcutter, WC=Wad-
cutter, LRN=Lead Round Nose, LGC=Lead Gas Check, JSP=Jacketed
Soft Point, MCP=Metal Case Profile, SWCHP=Semiwadcutter Hollow
Point








BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 40








Part 2 - Centerfire Rifle


Cartridge Bullet Coefficient Manufacturer
=================================================================
.22-250 REM. 55 PSP .231 F,W
.22-250 REM. 55 PSP .253 R
.223 REM. 55 FMC .207 R
.223 REM. 55 FMC .278 W
.223 REM. 55 MCBT .350 F
.243 WIN. 80 SP .259 F,R,W
.243 WIN. 100 PSP .371 F,R,W
.270 WIN. 130 PSP .378 F,W
.270 WIN. 130 PSP .345 R
.270 WIN. 150 SP .267 F,R
.270 WIN. 150 PSP .356 W
7mm MAUSER 140 PSP .433 F,R
7mm MAUSER 175 SP .280 F,W
7mm REM.MAG. 150 PSP .354 F,R,W
7mm REM.MAG. 175 PSP .453 F,R,W
.30 CARBINE 110 FMC .180 F,W
.30 CARBINE 110 FMC .164 R
30-30 WIN. 150 SP .221 F,W
30-30 WIN. 150 SP .195 R
30-30 WIN. 170 SP .259 F,R,W
30-06 150 PSP .329 F,R,W
30-06 180 PSP .398 F,R,W
30-06 200 BTSP .592 F
30-06 220 SP .299 R,W
.300 WIN.MAG. 180 PSP .462 F,R,W
.308 WIN. 150 PSP .323 F,R,W
.308 WIN. 180 PSP .390 F,R,W
.35 REM 200 SP .193 F,R,W
.45-70 300 JHP .302 F,W
.45-70 405 SP .269 R


---------------
ABBREVIATIONS
Manufacturers: F=Federal, R=Remington, W=Winchester
Bullets: FMC=Full Metal Case, PSP=Pointed Soft Point, SP=Soft
Point, BTSP=Boat Tail Soft Point, MCBT=Metal Case Boat Tail















BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 41








Part 3 - Rimfire


Cartridge Bullet Coefficient Manufacturer
==================================================================
.22 LR "VIPER" 36 TC .110 R
.22 LR "YELLOW JACKET" 33 TCHP .101 R
.22 LR HV 40 LRN .128 R
.22 LR HV 36 LHP .115 R
.22 LR TARGET 40 LRN .136 R
.22 LONG 29 LRN .095 R
.22 SHORT 29 LRN .098 R
.22 SHORT 27 LHP .091 R
.22 SHORT TARGET 29 LRN .097 R

.22 WIN. MAG. 40 JHP .108 W
.22 WIN. MAG. 40 FMC .108 W
.22 LR "XPEDITER" 29 LHP .079 W
.22 LR "H.P." 37 LRN .117 W
.22 LR "DYNAPOINT" 40 LDP .127 W
.22 LR "T22" 40 LRN .135 W
.22 LR 40 LRN .127 W
.22 LONG 29 LRN .095 W
.22 SHORT "H.P." 27 LRN .091 W
.22 SHORT "T22" 29 LRN .097 W
.22 SHORT 29 LRN .098 W

.22 LR "HI POWER" 40 LRN .126 F
.22 LR "HI POWER" 38 LHP .122 F
.22 LR "CHAMPION" 40 LRN .135 F
.22 LONG "HI POWER" 29 LRN .094 F
.22 SHORT 29 LRN .100 F
.22 SHORT 29 LHP .092 F


---------------
ABBREVIATIONS
Manufacturers: F=Federal, R=Remington, W=Winchester
Bullets: LRN=Lead Round Nose, LHP=Lead Hollow Point, LDP=Lead
Dynapoint, FMC=Full Metal Case, TC=Truncated Cone, TCHP= Trun-
cated Cone Hollow Point
















BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 42




Appendix D
Specific Gravities of Bullet Alloys


Part 1 - Lead/Tin/Antimony Alloys

Percent Composition Specific Gravity Trade or
Pb Sn Sb of alloy Common Name
=================================================================
100 11.340 pure lead
100 7.298 pure tin
100 6.62 pure antimony
30 70 8.32 soft solder
37 63 8.42 eutectic solder
50 50 8.89 50-50 solder
75 10 15 9.73 lead babbit-SAE 14
80 20 10.20 20-80 solder
80 5 15 10.04 alloy 8
83 2 15 10.09 alloy 10
85 15 10.28 alloy 11
85 5 10 10.24 lead babbit-SAE 13
91 9 10.66 9% antimonial lead
92 8 10.74 8% antimonial lead
94 6 10.88 hard lead (bullets)
95 5 11.00 5-95 solder
96 4 11.04 hard lead
99 1 11.27 1% antimonial lead
92 8 7.28 white metal



Part 2 - Other Alloys

Composition Specific Gravity Trade or
of alloy Common Name
=================================================================
100 Cu 8.96 pure copper
100 Fe 7.87 pure iron
95 Cu, 5 Zn 8.86 gilding
90 Cu, 10 Zn 8.80 commercial bronze
70 Cu, 30 Zn 8.53 cartridge brass
98.75 Cu, 1.25 Sn 8.89 1.25% phos. bronze
90 Cu, 10 Sn 8.78 10% phosphor bronze
97 Cu, 3 Si 8.53 silicon bronze (A)
98.5 Cu, 1.5 Si 8.75 silicon bronze (B)
99.5 Fe,.06 C,.38 Mn,.01 Si 7.87 .06% carbon steel
99.0 Fe,.23 C,.64 Mn,.11 Si 7.86 .23% carbon steel
98.7 Fe,.44 C,.69 Mn,.20 Si 7.84 .435% carbon steel


---------------
SOURCES:
Metals Handbook, Vol. 1, "Properties and Selection of Metals"
(8th ed.), American Society for Metals
Metal and Alloys Data Book, Samuel L. Hoyt






BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 43




Appendix E
Using Other Standard Functions


1. Creating Custom Function Tables
The user is not limited to using the functions produced by
GENTABLE. Tables may be produced by any program or language that
stores numbers in IEEE format, including Microsoft C v5.0 or
Quick C. (There will be a problem calculating checksums when
using Microsoft 5.0 unless the -Op optimization is used.) The
file format and data types used are:

1. Truncated revision number for version of GENTABLE used
multiplied by -1. (int)
2. The complete revision number. (float) (Added in v4.0)
3. The table name. (char[32])
4. Standard temperature for table data. (double)
5. Standard pressure for table data. (double)
6. Maximum velocity in table (<=4094). (unsigned)
7. Minimum velocity in table. (unsigned)
8. S_table, T_table pairs as described in HATCHER'S NOTE-
BOOK for velocities (max >= v >= 0). (float)
9. Checksum calculated as the sum of (S_table - T_table)
values. (float)

2. Checking the Function File with READTABLE
After creating the function file, registered users may (op-
tionally) check it with READTABLE. Since BALLISTIC makes its own
brief check, this step is usually unnecessary.
READTABLE was originally written as a debugging aid and is
provided only to satisfy user's curiosity as to what is contained
in a ballistic function table. It might also be of some use to
those contemplating creation of their own function files. Once
started, it prompts the user for the name of the function file to
be examined, displays the header information, then prints the
values to the screen. The speed of the display may be altered by
pressing either the <-> or <+> keys. Pressing any other key will
cause the display to pause at the next value. Once paused,
pressing causes execution to abort. Any other key will
cause the program to resume.
As with GENTABLE, READTABLE is started by typing its name
(BAL-READ) at the DOS prompt, optionally followed by any of the
following flags:

"-BIOS" Causes the program to perform all writes using
BIOS calls. This will significantly slow output.

"-F" (From) - Start listing the table to the screen with
the value immediately following the argument, i.e.,
-F2000 will start the listing at 2000 fps.

"-G" (Graphics) - Don't use the IBM graphic character
set. (Use ASCII characters instead.)

"-H" (Help) - Display a short help screen listing these
flags.

"-T" (To) - End the listing at the value following this
argument.


BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 44



"-N" (Noprint) - Don't print the table, calculate the
checksum only.

Flags requiring numeric arguments should NOT have a space
between the flag and input value.

























































BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 45




Appendix F
User Supported Software (Shareware)


User Supported Software is based on the premise that if
someone gets a chance to try out a program, likes it, and finds
he uses it on a regular basis, he will contribute to the support
of that program. Users who take the trouble to register know they
are helping to make sure that high quality software like BALLIS-
TIC continues to be sold in this low cost way.
BALLISTIC is being distributed as User Supported Software.
Registration allows you to continue using BALLISTIC after the
initial 30 day trial period. Registered users get mailed notifi-
cation of future BALLISTIC releases, and are eligible for low
cost (or free) upgrades. Additionally, registered users may
obtain support for special printers, video cards, etc.
Registration of BALLISTIC costs $15.00. For $30.00, you
receive registration, a disk containing the current version of
the BALLISTIC package, READTABLE, CHECK_DB, a printed copy of the
manual, and whatever BALLISTIC compatible databases the author
has acquired. (Currently available: Sierra, Nosler, Speer and
Hornady reloading components, and CCI and Federal handgun car-
tridges.)
Source code for version 4.00 is available (to registered
users only) for an additional $50.00. (This price does NOT in-
clude registration.)
Checks and money orders are accepted for payment, as well as
corporate purchase orders.
A registration (order) form appears on the following page.
Comments or suggestions may be left for the author (Bill
Frenchu) at any of the following places:

Bullet 'n Board BBS (703) 971-4491
Polymath One BBS (609) 394-2608 (Co-Sysop)
CompuServe 74575,61 (E-Plex or Outdoor Forum)
PCRelay Firearms Echo (routed mail to ->POLYMATH)





Corporations and Institutions

Please contact the author for information on licensing mul-
tiple copies of BALLISTIC. (Site licenses are available at very
reasonable rates.) Under no circumstances may an unregistered
copy of BALLISTIC be used in a corporate, institutional or gov-
ernment environment.













BALLISTIC v4.00 - Copyright 1988, 1989 by W.R. Frenchu Page 46


BALLISTIC 4.00 REGISTRATION FORM

Name _____________________________________ Date _______________

Mailing Address:

Street __________________________________ Phone ______________

City ________________________ State ___ Zip ________________



Computer/DOS (& BIOS) _____________________ Printer ____________

Display/adapter type _______________________ Co-processor? ______


Where did you find out about BALLISTIC? _________________________

=================================================================
Quan Item Each Total


____ BALLISTIC v4.00 - Registration ONLY $15.00 _____
(No diskette or manual)

____ BALLISTIC v4.00 - "Deluxe" Registration $30.00 _____
(Includes current version of BALLISTIC,
databases, aux. files, and manual.)

Diskette size: ___ 5.25" ___ 3.5"


____ Version 4.00 source code. (Turbo C v2.0) $50.00 _____
Must be registered user. (Price does
NOT include registration.)

TOTAL =====

=================================================================
The author is always trying to improve BALLISTIC. You can help!
Comments about BALLISTIC v4.00 (and documentation):



Suggestions for future versions of BALLISTIC:




Types of shooting you do (or how will you use BALLISTIC?):




Have you used any other ballistic programs? Which ones?







Mail to: William Frenchu, 79 Taylor Terrace, Hopewell, NJ 08525