Category : Financial and Statistics
Archive   : CM104.ZIP
Filename : CM.DOC

CheckMate -- Introductory User's Guide
Version 1.04






















CheckMate is provided AS IS without any warranty, expressed or
implied, including but not limited to fitness for a particular
purpose.

















Contents

Introduction.......................................3
Greetings
Features
Support
Things You Need to Know............................6
The Bottom Line
The Pull-Down Menu System
The Help System
Date Formats
Editing in CheckMate
Installing CheckMate...............................8
Hardware Requirements
File Paths
Running CheckMate..................................9
Setting Up Accounts
Entering and Editing Transactions
Generating Reports
Financial Calculator
Setup
Final Thoughts....................................18
Appendix A........................................19






























2



Introduction


Greetings! Welcome to CheckMate, a full-featured, inter-
active home accounting and financial program.

CheckMate is designed to help you keep an accurate track of
your personal financial activity... no more will you have to
"guess" at your balance, or labor furiously to make your check-
book match your bank statement. CheckMate will record and main-
tain your transactions, with full editing capabilities at your
fingertips. It will sort and print reports, search for selected
items, help you reconcile your statements, and even print your
checks for you. Your balances are automatically updated and re-
ported, and your records are accurate to the penny... guaranteed!


-- Features

- Uses intuitive pull-down menu system
- Supports up to eight accounts simultaneously
(total number of accounts is limited only by disk space)
- Supports Checking and Savings accounts
- Up to 32,767 transactions may be active per account
- Prints reports in standard format or in Borland Intl's
Traveling SideKick (tm) format
- Reports and Checks may be printed in PICA, ELITE or
CONDENSED print
- Transactions may be edited or printed and search criteria
may be specified on ANY field in the transaction
- Check printer supports continuous feed AND standard checks
(YOU define the check printing in the Check Set-Up form
and can use your own checks!)
- Allows 100 predefined transactions that can be called up
at a keystroke (such as mortgage payments, utility
bills, etc)
- Provides a financial calculator for quick figures on
loans, regular deposit accounts, and compounding
- Helps you reconcile your accounts when your statements
arrive, and prints a complete report of outstanding
transactions
- Includes extensive, context sensitive on-line help


CheckMate is very intuitive, and you should be able to use
it effectively with this user's guide and the built-in context
sensitive HELP. We suggest that you make good use of the HELP
system by pressing the key (note that some help screens have
multiple pages, use and to move back and forth
through the message). Additional documentation is available,
however, and may be obtained by registering.
We hope you enjoy CheckMate!

Tim Bougan
President, Custom Technologies


3




-- Support

CheckMate, like many other fine "shareware" products, has
been released by its authors to the public. We allow and en-
courage free copying and distribution of the program (in its un-
altered original form). But much as we enjoyed producing Check-
Mate, we can not afford to work for nothing. We will continue to
improve and update CheckMate (and continue to provide the program
free to all those who wish to use it) for as long as support is
available. If you find CheckMate useful, you can support future
development by sending $25.00 for registration.
In recent years, there has been an explosion of "shareware"
products introduced. This is understandable, since it costs
nothing to include a shareware notice as part of an otherwise
public domain program. Most of these products are relatively
small tools or utilities. Unfortunately, many users have become
flooded with requests for money and tend to ignore the shareware
notices. This is unfortunate because some products are substan-
tial efforts and have a legitimate need to recoup expenses from
months or years of development. The user benefits from shareware
in two ways: 1) he can test and evaluate a program before he
expends any money and 2) shareware products always carry a lower
price tag (due to reduced advertising and overhead costs). As
long as the user is willing to support the legitimate shareware
products, they will continue to exist and improve. If not, then
a very good deal for us all will have to disappear.
We at Custom Technologies sincerely thank those who have
already registered and those who plan to. For registering you
will be placed on our mailing list and will receive a complete
CheckMate manual (which goes into great detail about the design
and philosophy of the program). Besides comprehensive discussion
as to the use and functions of CheckMate, the manual includes
tips and hints for getting the most out of the system and has a
special "technical" appendix. The technical appendix lays out
CheckMate's file structures and details how you can manipulate
the data with your own programs.
We have a lot of ideas for future improvements and products,
including adding graphics to CheckMate, providing routines to
"port" CheckMate data to your favorite spreadsheets, and building
a special "programming language" that will let you design custom-
ized reports from your data files. (Special Note to Programmers:
We solicit your ideas and efforts. If you see potential in an
idea or product, we would be interested in hearing from you!)
Make checks payable to Custom Technologies. Florida resi-
dents please add 5% sales tax. Send your registration and all
other correspondence to:

Custom Technologies
PO Box 10096
Panama City, FL 32404

(904) 763-5849

Also, we are planning the release of a new, fully functional


4



general ledger package suitable for both home and small business.
This package looks like, acts like, and integrates perfectly with
CheckMate, and will absolutely be the friendliest, most intuitive
general ledger package on the market. Anyone who registers for
CheckMate before November 15, 1986 will receive this package FREE
OF CHARGE (anticipated price is $49.95) as soon as it is ready
for release. Registrations after November 15th will still be
offered a discount price.



















































5



Things You Need to Know


This section discusses some of the "basics" of CheckMate's
operation.



-- The Bottom Line

As you run CheckMate, the bottom line of the screen summer-
izes the functions that are available to you. It is always pre-
sent, and should speed your use of the program as you become fam-
iliar with its many capabilities. Most of CheckMate's functions
are activated by the PC's function keys. The bottom line ident-
ifies the operation of these keys (and others).


-- The Pull-Down Menu System

CheckMate uses the popular "pull-down" menu system as its
primary user interface. After your start CheckMate, you will see
a row of five "choices" for you to choose from. You may select
any of the choices in one of two ways: first, by moving the high-
lighted bar to the item of your choice (using the left or right
arrow keys) and then pressing "return" (which we will also refer
to as ), or, by pressing the starting letter of your
choosing. Either method will instantly produce a secondary menu
(with a bar that moves up and down instead of left to right).
Select individual functions in the same manner.


-- The Help System

As mentioned earlier, CheckMate includes built in on-line
help. Just press at any time while running CheckMate for
instant help. Some help screens have multiple pages, so use
and to move through the message. The help screens
are contained in the file "CM.HLP" and this file must be present
in the program file path at runtime. The program file path is set
with CMINST.COM.


-- Date Formats

One of the most annoying aspects of many programs is rigid
data entry, especially DATES. Our goal is to make life (comput-
ing, at least) a little bit easier, so we built a "free-format"
date entry into CheckMate. Whenever CheckMate calls for a date
to be entered, you can key it in almost any fashion you choose.
Dates like 7-12-84, 3/5/86, 12 Sept 82, and so forth are all
valid. So long as you include some delimiter between the month,
the day, and the year CheckMate should figure out what you mean.
A delimiter can be a space, a dash, a slash, or virtually any
non-number or non-letter. You can even leave all or part of the


6



date out, and CheckMate will use defaults (the DOS date).


-- Editing within CheckMate

All data entry fields within CheckMate are fully "editable."
The following control-key combinations are defined within Check-
Mate:

Control Key Alternate Key Function
----------- ------------- -----------------------

Control-D right-arrow move one character right
Control-S left-arrow move one character left
Control-F move one word right
Control-A move one word left

Control-E up-arrow move up one field
Control-X down-arrow move down one field

Control-G DEL delete character at cursor
Control-T delete word right
Control-K delete field right
Control-Y delete entire field
Control-H BACKSPACE delete character left

INS toggle INSERT/OVERWRITE


Notice that the control sequences closely resemble those of
MicroPro's WordStar (tm). We chose these combinations because of
WordStar's popularity. For your convenience we have also imple-
mented the PC's standard editing keys as alternatives.
























7



Installing CheckMate


-- Hardware Requirements

CheckMate will run on an IBM PC/XT/AT/jr (or compatible)
with at least 256K of memory and 1 DSDD floppy disk drive (2
recommended). It supports all IBM compatible displays including
the EGA.

-- File Paths

You can specify the files paths for which CheckMate will
look for its overlay and data files with CMINST.COM. If you are
using a hard disk, you can put CheckMate's program and overlay
files in one directory and its data files in another. If you
include the program file path in a DOS "PATH", you can run
CheckMate from any drive or directory. If you are using a floppy
disk system, you should put you data files on drive B and your
program files on drive A. (You can use CheckMate on a single
drive system, but you will have limited space for data files.
You should remove all unnecessary files from your working disk,
like CMINST.COM and perhaps even CM.HLP). If you are using
floppies but have a good sized RAM disk, CheckMate's performance
will increase significantly if you copy its program files to the
RAM disk.
Run CMINST (make sure that CM.COM is in the default direct-
ory first) and set up your paths. CMINST will first display the
current default paths and then prompt you to enter new ones.
In order to save disk space, CMINST is a simple program and does
not include CheckMate's editing features. Note that entering
only a at the prompts will cause CMINST to clear the file
paths (and CheckMate will use the default directories when run).
Before you do run CheckMate, make sure that the paths you select-
ed are valid (you may need to create them).






















8



Running CheckMate


-- Setting Up Accounts

The first pull-down menu includes five functions associated
with setting up and maintaining accounts. They are described
below.

1) Enter Accounts --
Here is where you set up your accounts. The first
field holds the full name of the account. The next
field is for a shorter name that will appear on the
menu. The account type can be either Checking or
Savings, with checking the default. (You will find that
virtually any type of account can fit in one of these
two general categories). Enter your account number and
the opening balance. If the account is checking, you
can enter the number of the next check that you will
write. When you are satisfied with your entries, press
to save the account. You can create up to eight
accounts.

2) Edit Account --
You can modify account data with this function. The
key will pop-up a menu with all your accounts
listed. Choose the account you want to change and
proceed as you did when you created it. Use to
save your changes. If you modify the opening balance,
CheckMate will automatically update the entire data
file.

3) Delete Account --
This is a drastic step. The data and index files for
the account are gone forever. Use the key to
delete. For safety, you will be prompted to confirm
your intention.

4) Select Default Account --
Use this function to select the account you wish to use
for transaction entry and for the reports. Note that
the first account that you enter will automatically be
selected at start-up, so enter your most active account
first.

5) Rebuild Account Files --
There are two reasons that you may want to use this
function. The first one is to condense the data file
after a significant number of deletions (ie after
purging old transactions). Deleted records will be
reused automatically, but you may want to use this
function anyway to make back-up files smaller. Another
reason for using this function is to repair corrupted
files. Abnormal shutdown (such as a power loss) can
cause files to be improperly closed. Other problems


9



can occur for a variety of reasons. If your files seem
improper or CheckMate reports an error, try this
function. It should fix most problems. A will
start the process, will abort the function.


-- Entering and Editing Transactions

The next pull-down menu list the four functions associated
with maintaining the transactions within the accounts.

1) Enter Transactions --
When you select this function, you will immediately see
another menu asking for the type of transaction you
wish to make. Select the type, and press . The
screen that appears next is based on the type of
transaction that you are making and the type of account
you are using. Fill in the blanks accordingly. The
"Account Number" field is not for the account you are
using, but rather a reference for the transaction (such
as your VISA credit card number if you are writing a
check to VISA). You can direct the check printer to
print this number anywhere on your check (more on this
later). The "Tax Flag" is simply a boolean value you
can use to mark checks that are tax deductible.
"Printed" and "Cleared" are used by CheckMate and will
automatically be updated as appropriate. You should
set the "Printed" field yourself if you are not going
to use your printer to print your checks or if you are
entering old transactions. You can mix use of your
printer and writing by hand to your heart's desire
(Personally, I hate writing checks!). The "Cleared"
field is to help reconcile your accounts. Mark this
field ONLY if your the transaction already appears on
your bank statement.

At any time while entering transactions, you can bring
up a menu of frequent transactions by pressing .
You set these frequent transactions up in the Set-Up
menu. This is a powerful timesaver, and one that you
will really appreciate.

The key brings up the Transaction Type menu so
that you can change types (as you enter multiple
transactions).

The key will add the transaction. If the trans-
action is entered out of sequence, the transaction file
will be updated to reflect the change. Transactions
are always stored chronologically. The default date
will remain the same as the last transaction that you
entered (for those of you who enter checks in "batch").
For writing checks, the check number is incremented
after each transaction. You can change the number and
write them out of sequence, but keep a close eye on


10



the check number since CheckMate has no way of knowing
what you are doing.

2) Editing Transactions
One of CheckMate's most powerful features is your
ability to edit any transaction quickly and without
reverse entries. Selecting the Edit Transactions
function will take you to the last transaction that was
entered. You can edit this transaction or move from
transaction to transaction with the and keys.
You can make changes to any field, and you can even
pop-up your frequent transactions menu just as you can
while entering transactions. You save your changes to
disk with (CheckMate will prompt you first for
confirmation). As always, CheckMate will update the
entire file to reflect the alterations.

To help you quickly find a particular transaction, we
have provided a robust "search" utility. Press to
activate the search window. Here you can specify
criteria that must match any transactions to be edited.
Of particular use is the EXACT MATCH versus the ANY
MATCH function. With ANY MATCH you can look for key
words within any field. For instance, you may enter
the word "gulf" in the Payto field and hit the
key. You would match entries like "Gulf Power", "Gulf
Coast Community College", or "Dr. Gulfman." CheckMate
looks for any occurance of the string "gulf" (regard-
less of case). You can use and to move
through the different transactions that match your
search specifications.

You can also specify the type of transactions to search
for using the key. The default is "All Types."

SPECIAL NOTE: Since CheckMate's files are keyed ISAM,
specifying the starting and ending dates can signifi-
cantly increase search performance. CheckMate main-
tains an index file based on dates, and limiting your
search dates will decrease the file accesses that
CheckMate has to make.

3) Deleting Transactions --
Select this function when you wish to remove individual
transactions. This function is identical to Editing
Transactions. When you want to delete an entry, simply
press . CheckMate will prompt you for confirmation
before proceeding, and then it will update the
transaction file.

4) Purging Transactions --
You will use this function to remove multiple trans-
actions, probably as you close out a year and start a
new one. If you want to keep a backup, do it before
you purge, as purged transactions CANNOT be recovered.


11



You may want to rebuild your account files (as des-
cribed above) to reclaim the released space.


-- Generating Reports

The Reports menu has four options (for very different func-
tions). They are described below, but first there are a few
common features that should be discussed.
All of the reports may be printed in any of three "pitches",
which are PICA, ELITE, or CONDENSED. To use these pitches, your
printer must be capable of supporting them. You must enter the
control codes to configure your printer in the Printer Setup
function (discussed later). You may specify a separate pitch for
your checks and reports.
With the exception of printing the checks, you can choose
from two different "types" for you reports. The "Standard Type"
is for 8.5x11 inch paper in a three ring binder. The alternate
type is "Traveling SideKick." (Traveling SideKick is a trademark
of Borland International). Selecting this option will generate
reports in a style suited for inclusion in the Traveling SideKick
binder. Borland International has been a breath of fresh air to
the microcomputing world, and many of their products served as
inspiration for CheckMate.
Some of the reports offer a choice of format as well. The
short format gives a one line, quick glance at the data. This is
the default. The long format gives a comprehensive view of all
available data (and consumes much more paper!).
In addition to the above options, you may also specify where
you wish the reports to go. You may channel them to the printer
(default), to a disk file, or to the screen. If you specify a
disk file, then you must enter a valid file name for the report
to be written to. If you choose the screen or the printer, then
you may choose between continuous printing or have it pause be-
tween pages. You may abort any report at any time by pressing
the key.
You may also supply an optional title to be printed at the
top of your reports.

1) Transaction Register --
Here is where you generate lists of all your trans-
actions. You may set any of the above options before
you start. You may also "selectively" print trans-
actions by invoking the same "search" window that was
described in the Editing Transactions function. Only
the transactions that match your pattern will be print-
ed. Press to bring up the search window, and
either again to find exact matches, or for
the more powerful "any match" search. The short report
format will generate one line for each transaction,
while the long report includes all of the data. At the
end of a transaction report, CheckMate will list totals
for the transactions printed.




12



2) Print Checks --
Now for the best part -- printing the checks. With
CheckMate, you can let your printer write your checks
and you DO NOT have to buy expensive, computer form
checks (unless you want to). Virtually any checks will
work, and almost any printer. See the Check Setup
function in the Setup menu. When you first invoke this
function, you will see a search window appear. You
must specify the starting and stopping dates for print-
ing. The defaults are the beginning and end of the
file, and it could be slow if the computer always has
to start at the beginning to look for unprinted checks.
Pressing the key in the search window will bring
up the DOS date. Press after you have specified
the dates, and you will be ready to print. If you are
using continuous form checks, you can print them all at
once. If not, the computer will prompt you one at a
time. As checks are printed, CheckMate will automatic-
ally update the "Printed" field in the transaction.
The and keys will move you back and forth
through the available checks. When all the checks are
printed, CheckMate will display a message and return to
the menu.

3) Reconcile Account --
At the end of each month there is a day of reckoning.
Its here that CheckMate can really help. When you
enter this function, press to start the reconcili-
ation process. CheckMate will prompt you, transaction
by transaction, for all entries that have cleared on
your current bank statement (you should have the state-
ment in front of you). When you have marked all of the
transactions, you generate the report with the
key. (Remember to select your format and print options
first). CheckMate will print a report listing all
remaining outstanding transactions, your actual bal-
ance, your outstanding balance, and what your statement
balance should be. If there are no mistakes, this fig-
ure will match the one on your statement. Most of the
time they will match perfectly. If not, you can use
CheckMate's report and editing features to find and
correct the mishap.

4) Account Report --
Use this function to print general reports of all de-
fined accounts. Again, you can select format, type and
print options before you proceed. The long report for-
mat generates a report similar to the one generated in
the Reconcile Accounts function.


-- Financial Calculator

The Calc menu includes three popular functions that we be-
lieve you will find useful. Although they have no bearing or


13



effect on CheckMate's data files, they provide helpful informa-
tion to assist you making financial decisions. The functions are
robust in that you can calculate any one variable by providing
the others. For instance, you can calculate the interest rate on
a loan by providing the monthly payment, the amount borrowed, the
length of the loan, and the number of payments per year. Simple
set the interest rate to zero and press .

1) Loans --
Calculate loans based on APR (annual percentage rate).
This is the most popular and widely used method. To
reemphasize, you may calculate ANY of the variables
that you wish, but you can set only ONE variable to
zero at a time.

2) Regular Deposits --
These are savings accounts, IRAs, etc. The method for
calculating interest varies from bank to bank, so these
values may be slightly different from the ones your
bank generates.

3) Compounding --
This function is not widely used, but basically shows
how a fixed sum of money will grow if left unused.


-- Setup

Perhaps CheckMate's strongest point is its flexibility. The
following paragraphs describe the how you can configure CheckMate
to suit your particular needs.

1) File Directories --
By selecting this function, you can view the file paths
that CheckMate searches while looking for its program
and data files. For logistical reasons, we chose to
make manipulation of these paths available through a
separate installation program (CMINST.COM). CheckMate
fully supports the DOS 2.0 (and above) directory struc-
ture.

2) Edit PayTos --
In this section you can pre-define checks that you
write often (such as monthly bills). When first invok-
ed, a menu appears. This menu lists previously defined
PayTos. Note that although only ten items are display-
ed, there are FIFTY that are available. The and
keys will scroll through the five available
pages. You may select any one to edit (if you select a
blank entry, you are essentially adding a new PayTo).
You can enter as many fields as you like, and they will
be automatically inserted in your check when you select
the item off the menu while entering transactions.
This can be a tremendous timesaver. The key will
save your changes to disk, while the key deletes


14



an entry. SPECIAL NOTE: On some items, the amount of
the check will change from month to month (like your
power bill). In these cases leave the amount blank,
and the cursor will automatically jump to it when you
select the item from the menu.

3) Edit Reasons --
This function is identical to Editing PayTos except
that "Reasons" are used for deposits, withdrawals,
debits, and credits instead of checks. You may, for
instance, make an entry for your paycheck or an automa-
tic IRA deposit.

4) Printer Setup --
The Printer Setup function allows you to select four
options and designate six printer control strings. It
is important to note that any changes made here are
temporary unless you use to write the changes to
disk. Saving the changes requires the presence of
CM.COM on the program file path, and you must not
change the name of the file!

The first option is for the type of printer that you
are using. You have two choices (IBM or generic). The
only place where this choice will make a difference is
in printing Traveling SideKick style reports. If you
select IBM, the reports will use IBM block graphics for
borders. The key brings up the menu. (Traveling
SideKick is a trademark of Borland Int'l, IBM is a
trademark of International Business Machines).

The next option that you have is for the type of re-
ports that you will print. You may select the standard
style or the Traveling SideKick style (which is suit-
able for inclusion in the Traveling SideKick binder).
Pressing will pop-up the appropriate menu.

The third option sets the pitch for printing reports.
You have PICA (10 cpi), ELITE (12 cpi), or CONDENSED
(17 cpi). To use this option you must specify the
appropriate control codes in the Printer Setup strings
(discussed below). The key brings up a menu for
selecting the report pitch.

The last option allows you to specify the pitch that
you want your checks to be printed with. This is
independent of the report pitch but just as above you
must specify correct printer control codes in the
Printer Setup strings. Press for the menu.

The printer control codes can be found in your printer
manual. You have six available strings that you can
enter. The format for entry is

\\\....


15




The back-slashes delimit the codes. Below is an
example:

\27\85

This string represents an 'U'. (That's an es-
cape-capital-U). This is a popular means of defining
printer codes. CheckMate comes pre-installed for an
IBM graphics printer.

The Half-Line Feed String should advance the carriage
one half line. This string must be supported and pre-
sent if you want to use CheckMate to print your checks
(we have found this necessary to be able to effectively
print single feed checks).

The PICA, ELITE, and CONDENSED Pitch strings should
configure your printer to the correct pitch. The
Printer Setup and Exit strings are optional and pro-
vided for your convenience.

5) Check Setup --
The Check Setup form allows 22 entries. Each entry has
4 parts, a Line Number, a Variable Number, a Column
Number, and a Length. The Line and Column Numbers
refer to the lines and columns on your checks. You
will need to print out a template to determine these
locations. Use the Print Template option on the SetUp
menu to print out your template.

The Variable Numbers are defined within CheckMate, and
their definitions are listed in appendix A. In each
entry, enter the line number of the variable, the vari-
able number, the column number, and the maximum length
that each variable can have. Note that you have the
option of printing checks in several different pitches,
and that these values will differ with the different
pitches. Also note that line numbers are in increments
of 1/2, so that the line numbers 1.5, 3.5, etc are
valid. In fact, you will most probably need to define
some variables on the check on these half-line bound-
ries, and you MUST define a valid half line feed string
if you intend to use the check printing feature of
CheckMate. It is a good idea to experiment with some
blank sheets of paper until you are satisfied with your
check layout.

You also need to indicate whether you are using contin-
uous form checks or not, and you must indicate the
length in lines of each check (regardless of whether or
not they are continuous).

The variable definitions are in Appendix A. Note that
you may maintain a separate check definition for each


16



checking account that you have. Pressing saves
the definition to disk (in your account data file, NOT
in CM.COM!).

6) Print Template --
Use this function to print a template on an 8.5x11
sheet of paper (or continuous paper). You can then use
the template to help you define your checks. The tem-
plate will be printed out in the pitch that you select-
ed to print your checks in, and you will insert your
checks into the printer in the same manner that you
inserted your template.













































17



Final Thoughts --

We sincerely hope that you find CheckMate to be work-saving,
friendly, and helpful. Please pass it along to your friends.
Remember that you can help us improve CheckMate with your support
(by registering) and with your comments and ideas. If you find
any bugs or need assistance, do not hesitate to write or call us.
We try to answer all our correspondence and are committed to
making CheckMate everything that it can and should be. Happy
computing!















































18



Appendix A -- CheckMate Variable Definitions:


Variable # Variable Format Example

0 Date MMM DD, YYYY May 4, 1986
1 Date MMM DD May 4
2 Date YYYY 1986
3 Date MMM May
4 Date DD 04
5 Date YY 86
6 Date MM 05
7 Date MM/DD/YY 05/04/86
8 Date MM/DD 05/04

20 Amount DD,DDD,DDD.CC 1,184,877.76
21 Amount DDDDDDDD.CC 1184877.76
22 Amount DD,DDD,DDD 1,184,877
23 Amount DDDDDDDD 1184877
24 Amount CC 76
25 Amount .CC .76

40 Balance DD,DDD,DDD.CC 1,184,877.76
41 Balance DDDDDDDD.CC 1184877.76
42 Balance DD,DDD,DDD 1,184,877
43 Balance DDDDDDDD 1184877
44 Balance CC 76
45 Balance .CC .76

60 Amount String (spelled out amount)
65 PayTo
66 For
67 Account Number (to be printed on check)
68 Comments

80 Tax Flag 'Tax Ded'

90 Check Number NNNNNNNN 1546

100 '.'
101 ','
102 '$'
103 '('
104 ')'
105 '*'
106 '-'
107 '+'










19