Category : Word Perfect
Archive   : MALT22.ZIP
Filename : MALT.DOC

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USER REFERENCE GUIDE


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10309 Parkwood Drive
Kensington, Maryland 20895
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ÐÐÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿX°à @p
 Ð0`Àð !ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ°ÿÿÐÐÙ Éÿ ÙÁàìÁÃÃIntroductionÄă

ÁàààÁMALT (More Alt-Keys for the Perfects) is a memory resident utility (TSR) that adds 90 new keys for running
Alt-like macros in DOS versions of WordPerfect and other DOS programs in the WordPerfect family. To avoid
conflicts with other TSRs, MALT does not rely on the traditional shift keys (Shift/Alt/Ctrl). Instead, MALT uses the
CapsLock key as an auxiliary shift key. MALT uses a mere 480 bytes of RAM, can be unloaded from memory, and
does not interfere with the normal operation of CapsLock.

ÁàààÁMALT also offers a library feature. Many sub©macros may be combined in one library macro called
MALTLIB.WPM. Any of the macros in the library may be accessed by using the key combination ScrollLock + key,
thereby effectively adding an additional 90 keys to play back macros.

ÁàààÁMALT works with WordPerfect DOS 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, and 6.0, WordPerfect Presentations for DOS, LetterPerfect,
WordPerfect Works, and should work with other DOS programs in the WordPerfect family, too. It is compatible with
WordPerfect Office Shell 3.x and 4.0 and WordPerfect's Repeat Performance. Users of WordPerfect 6.0 will
appreciate MALT because WordPerfect appropriates so many Ctrl and Alt keys for its own purposes. MALT should
also be particularly helpful for users of WordPerfect Works and LetterPerfect (neither of which has a configurable
keyboard), as well as anyone else with a shortage of keys, including notebook users and those without an enhanced
keyboard. Finally, MALT can be used at the DOS command line. (See the section entitled "Other Uses for MALT"
for further information on this feature.)

ÁàààÁBecause you are probably eager to learn how to use MALT, I shall have only a few words to say about
registration at the beginning of this document. MALT is user supported software. It is not public domain. In brief, if
you are using MALT for personal use, you need to pay a $15 registration fee. MALT may not be used in business
without a license. More information concerning registration and licensing may be found at the end of this document in
the section entitled "REGISTRATION/“LICENSE/“COPYRIGHT". Registration information is also available on demand
by typing "MALT /R" at the DOS command line.

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ÁàìÁÃÃInstallationÄă

ÁàààÁCopy MALT.COM to any convenient directory on your hard drive. If you are using WordPerfect 6.0, copy
the file MALTLIB.60 to your macros/keyboards/button bar directory and rename it MALTLIB.WPM. If you are using
WordPerfect 5.1, copy the file MALTLIB.51 to your macro/keyboard directory and rename it MALTLIB.WPM. If©©and only if©©you use a key other than Alt©F10 to run a macro or Ctrl©F10 to define a macro, then copy the file
MALTCFG.EXE to the same directory as MALT.COM and read the section entitled "Configuring MALT".

ÁàààÁMALT must be loaded into memory before you run WordPerfect. Simply type MALT at the DOS command
line. If you use WordPerfect Shell, MALT must be loaded before Shell. MALT may be loaded HIGH or LOW, from
the command line or in a batch file, while running from DOS, DESQview, OS/2, or Windows. See the section entitled
"Loading and Unloading MALT" for detailed instructions.

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ÁàlìlÁÃÃMalt©keysÄă

ÁàààÁVeteran WordPerfect users should feel at home using CapsLock as an auxiliary shift key, since, on an
enhanced keyboard, it is located in the same position that the Ctrl key used to occupy. MALT-keys operate
analogously to Alt-keys. To define a MALT-key macro first press à ÃMacro DefineÄ Ä (Ctrl-F10), then hold down
CapsLock and press the key to be defined. For example, to define MALTP, hold down CapsLock and press à ÃPÄ Ä. In
WordPerfect 5.1, you may enter a brief description or press à ÃEnterÄ Ä to define the macro without a description. Type the
keystrokes you wish to record then press à ÃMacro DefineÄ Ä (Ctrl-F10) to end defining the macro.

ÁàààÁMALT also has a ÃÃQuick DefineÄÄ feature. To use ÃÃQuick DefineÄÄ, hold down the Shift key and the CapsLock key
simultaneously, then press the key you wish to define. For example, to ÃÃQuick DefineÄÄ MALTP, hold down Shift and
CapsLock together, then press à ÃPÄ Ä. You still must press à ÃMacro DefineÄ Ä (Ctrl-F10) to end macro definition. To go
directly into the macro editing window without recording, press à ÃHomeÄ Ä before pressing ÃÃQuick DefineÄÄ. Please read the
section entitled "Compatibility and Keyboard Peculiarities", if you have trouble with the ÃÃQuick DefineÄÄ feature.
ŒÁàààÁRunning a MALT-key macro is as easy as running an Alt-key macro: simply hold down CapsLock and press
a key. MALT will then tell WordPerfect to run a macro with the name "MALT" plus the corresponding key name.
Thus, holding down CapsLock and pressing à ÃPÄ Ä will cause WordPerfect to run the macro MALTP.WPM, just as holding
down Alt and Ã ÃPÄ Ä will run ALTP.WPM.

ÁàààÁNote: For the sake of convenience, this document refers to macros as having a "WPM" extension. Macros in
LetterPerfect, of course, have an "LPM" extension, those in ED have an "EDM" extension, and so forth. Similarly,
discussions about WordPerfect apply equally to LetterPerfect and the other Perfects. As a corollary, bear in mind that
you need load only one copy of MALT if you switch between WordPerfect and one of the other Perfects. While you
are in WordPerfect, MALT will work with "WPM" macros in your macro/keyboard directory. Should you switch to
ED, MALT will work with "EDM" macros in that program's keyboard/macro directory. The same holds true for the
other Perfects. The only proviso is that each program should be configured with the same à ÃMacro ExecuteÄ Ä and à ÃMacro
DefineÄ Ä keys. Finally, although MALT functions harmoniously with WPCorp programs running under WordPerfect
Office Shell, it cannot be used to define or execute Shell macros.

ÁàààÁUnlike Alt-keys, MALT-keys are not restricted to the letters of the alphabet. A MALT-key can be assigned to
almost any key. Accordingly, space (MALTSP.WPM), insert (MALTIN.WPM), left (MALTLE.WPM), and en left
(MALTXLE.WPM), are all perfectly acceptable MALT-keys. (The only exceptions are the obvious ones, the shift
keys, Num and Scroll Lock, Print Screen and Pause.) This will add 90 new keys to an enhanced keyboard; 75 keys to
a PC keyboard. Notice that MALT uses abbreviations for non©alphanumeric keys. A list of these abbreviations is
included as an Appendix.

ÁàààÁExisting macros may be converted to MALT-key macros by renaming them. For instance, if you have a
macro called HEADER.WPM, you may convert it to MALT-H by renaming the macro file to MALTH.WPM.
Remember, MALT-key macros must be in your keyboard/macro directory. For a complete list of possible MALT-key
file names, please see the Appendix.

ÁàààÁYou should also be aware that in two small respects MALT-keys are not as capable as Alt-keys. Alt©keys
may be run from anywhere within WordPerfect. MALT©keys, however, can only be run or defined in the same
situations that conventional macros can be run or defined. Additionally, after running a MALT©key macro, CapsLock
must be released before running another MALT-key. In contrast, you may hold down the Alt-key and press a key
several times to run a series of macros or one macro several times. As a partial remedy, remember that, like any other
macro, a MALT-key macro can be repeated by pressing the repeat key (ESCape in 5.1, Ctrl©R in 6.0) to input a repeat
number, and then pressing the appropriate MALT-key. Most users will not find these to be serious inconveniences.

ÁàààÁMALT does not interfere with the normal operation of CapsLock, and with each use of a MALT-key,
CapsLock is restored to its prior state. Thus if CapsLock was off when you pressed the MALT-key, it will stay off; if
it was on, it will stay on.

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Áà”ì”ÁÃÃLibrary FeatureÄă

ÁàààÁMALT's library feature allows you to assemble up to 90 sub©macros in one comprehensive macro called
MALTLIB.WPM. Any of the library macros in MALTLIB can be accessed with a single keystroke, using ScrollLock
as an auxiliary shift key. Among the advantages of a library macro are the conservation of disk space and the capacity
for sharing subroutines among library macros.

ÁàààÁThe library feature can best be explained by comparison to the more conventional menu macros. A menu
macro solicits the user to press one or more keys, then takes an action based on user input. Typically, using a menu
macro involves at least two steps: (1) calling the macro, then (2) pressing one or more keys to select a choice offered
by the menu. MALT's library feature automates this process. Pressing ScrollLock + key causes MALT to call
MALTLIB.WPM and to execute one of the sub©macros in the library based on the key pressed with ScrollLock. Thus,
pressing ScrollLock + C causes MALT to call MALTLIB.WPM and to execute choice "C"©©all with one keystroke.

ÁàààÁPreparing a library macro requires only a rudimentary knowledge of macro programming. By referring to the
accompanying sample library macros, and by observing the following simple rules, most macro users should not have
any difficulty in creating a library macro.
ŒÁàààÁThe structure of a library macro depends on the version of using WordPerfect you are using. Instructions
follow for creating a library macro for use in versions 5.x and 6.0, as well as for converting an existing 5.x macro to
6.0.
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ÁàÌìÌÁÃÃWordPerfect 5.0 and 5.1Äă
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ÁàààÁ(1)   ÂThe library macro must be named MALTLIB.WPM and should be located in the same directory as
your other macros.

ÁàààÁ(2)   ÂThe library macro must begin with a à Ã{TEXT}Ä Ä command. (Note: Global macro instructions such as
à Ã{ON ERROR}Ä Ä may precede the à Ã{TEXT}Ä Ä command. An example of this is shown in the sample
library.)

ÁàààÁ   ÂThe à Ã{TEXT}Ä Ä command has two parts. The first part is the name of a variable; the second is an
optional message. With WordPerfect 5.0 the variable name must be a number between 1 and 9. In
5.1, the variable name may be any combination of letters. In the accompanying sample library macro,
the variable is given the name "KeyName".

ÁàààÁ   ÂWhen a library macro is executed using ScrollLock + key, the name of the key is assigned to the
variable named in the à Ã{TEXT}Ä Ä command. Thus, if you press ScrollLock + "C", the variable
KeyName will equal "C". Press ScrollLock + F6, and the variable KeyName will equal "F6".

ÁàààÁ(3)   ÂFollow the à Ã{TEXT}Ä Ä command with a à Ã{CALL}Ä Ä or à Ã{GO}Ä Ä command in the following form:

ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{CALL}{VARIABLE}Ä ÄKeyName~~

ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁÁp
p
p
ÁÁ   Áor

ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{GO}{VARIABLE}Ä ÄKeyName~~

ÁàààÁ   Âwhere KeyName is the name of the variable assigned in à Ã{TEXT}Ä Ä command. (Note: If the call
command is used, it should be followed by a à Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä or à Ã{QUIT}Ä Ä to indicate termination of
macro execution.)

ÁàààÁ(4)   ÂEach sub-macro must be preceded by a à Ã{LABEL}Ä Ä command followed by the name of the key
associated with the sub©macro. The label names must follow the naming conventions for keys
described in the Appendix. For example, the sub©macro associated with the "C" key would be
preceded by the command à Ã{LABEL}Ä ÄC~. Likewise, the sub©macro associated with F6 would be
preceded by the command à Ã{LABEL}Ä ÄF6~. You do not need labels for keys that you do not intend to
use.

ÁàààÁ   ÂLet us suppose you have a simple macro that avoids WordPerfect's annoying habit of always asking
for confirmation that you wish to replace an existing file each time you save it. The macro looks like
this:

ÅÅÙ ÙÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{Save}Ä Ä
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{IF}Ä Ä"à Ã{SYSTEM}Ä Äname~"!=""~
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁÁp
p
p
ÁÃ Ã{Enter}Ä Äy
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{END IF}Ä Ä
Å
ÅÙ Éÿ Ù
ÁàààÁ   ÂYou would like to incorporate this macro in your library for use with F©10

ÁàààÁ   ÂFirst, you consult the appendix to find that the abbreviation for F©10 is F0. Thus the label for the
sub©macro will be à Ã{LABEL}Ä ÄF0~. The entire sub©macro will read:

ÅÅÙ ÙÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{LABEL}Ä ÄF0~
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{Save}Ä Ä
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{IF}Ä Ä"à Ã{SYSTEM}Ä Äname~"!=""~
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁÁp
p
p
ÁÃ Ã{Enter}Ä Äy
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{END IF}Ä Ä
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä
Å
ÅÙ Éÿ ٌÁàààÁ(5)   ÂEach sub©macro must end with a command that terminates macro execution, such as à Ã{QUIT}Ä Ä or
à Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä. Advanced users will prefer à Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä, because it permits a sub©macro to be called by
another sub©macro.

ÁàààÁYou may also use the sample macro as a template to create your own Library macro. To add a sub©macro
insert a new à Ã{LABEL}Ä Ä command followed by the MALT©key abbreviation that corresponds to the key you wish to
define. For example, to add a sub©macro to be executed in conjunction with F1, begin by inserting à Ã{LABEL}Ä ÄF1~.
Now insert the contents of the sub©macro and finish with a à Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä command. The whole thing would look like
this:

ÅÅÙ ÙÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{LABEL}Ä ÄF1~
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Á[Your macro goes here]
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä
Å
ÅÙ Éÿ Ù
ÁàààÁYou may safely remove any of the sub-macros from the sample MALTLIB macro. Each sub-macro begins
with a à Ã{LABEL}Ä Ä command and ends with a à Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä command. To use a defined key for another macro of your
own simply delete the portion between these two commands. If you do not wish to use a key for another macro, you
may also delete the à Ã{LABEL}Ä Ä and à Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä commands. The liberal comments in MALTLIB.WPM may also be
deleted to free up more space.

ÁàààÁThe easiest way to create a library macro for WordPerfect 5.1 is with my program MPE4WP (Macro
Programming Environment for WordPerfect), which was selected by ÃÃPC MagazineÄÄ as one of the best word processing
add©in products. MPE4WP gives users of 5.1 the ability to create and edit macros on the WordPerfect editing screen.
MPE4WP provides much of the same flexibility to edit macros on©screen that is built into 6.0, but without the
overhead.
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ÁàÚìÚÁÃÃWordPerfect 6.0Äă

ÁàààÁ(1)   ÂThe library macro must be named MALTLIB.WPM and should be located in the same directory as
your other macros.

ÁàààÁ(2)   ÂThe library macro must begin with a à ÃGETSTRINGÄ Ä command. (Note: Global macro instructions
such as à ÃDISPLAY ONERROR, ONCANCELÄ Ä may precede the à ÃGETSTRINGÄ Ä command. The
sample library includes an example of this usage.)

ÁàààÁ   ÂThe à ÃGETSTRINGÄ Ä command is the vehicle by which MALT tells WordPerfect which key was
pressed in combination with ScrollLock. (Note that the à ÃGETSTRING Ä Äcommand has four permissible
parameters, but MALTLIB requires only the variable parameter.) In the accompanying sample, the
name of the key is assigned to the variable "KeyName". Thus, if you press ScrollLock + "C", the
variable KeyName will equal "C". Press ScrollLock + F6, and the variable KeyName will equal
"F6".

ÁàààÁ(3)   ÂFollow the à ÃGETSTRINGÄ Ä command with a à ÃSWITCHÄ Ä command in the following form:

ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà ÃSWITCHÄ Ä(KeyName)

ÁàààÁ   Âwhere KeyName is the name of the variable assigned in the à ÃGETSTRINGÄ Ä command.

ÁàààÁ   Âà ÃSWITCHÄ Ä corresponds loosely to the à Ã{CASE}Ä Ä command in the WordPerfect 5.x macro language. A
complete switch statement includes the following commands: Ã ÃSWITCHÄ Ä, Ã ÃCASEOFÄ Ä, Ã ÃCONTINUEÄ Ä
(optional), à ÃDEFAULTÄ Ä (optional), and à ÃENDSWITCHÄ Ä.

ÁàààÁ   ÂThe variable KeyName (in parenthesis after the à ÃSWITCHÄ Ä command) is compared with a series of
à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä statements. If a match is found, then the commands following the matching à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä
statement are executed up to the next à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä, à ÃDEFAULTÄ Ä, or à ÃENDSWITCHÄ Ä instruction,
whichever comes first. It is these commands immediately following the à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä instruction that
form the sub©macro to be executed when you press ScrollLock + key. MALTLIB runs these
instructions then jumps to the command following the à ÃENDSWITCHÄ Ä instruction.

ÁàààÁ   ÂIf none of the à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä expressions match the à ÃSWITCHÄ Ä expression, the macro executes the
commands between à ÃDEFAULTÄ Ä and à ÃENDSWITCHÄ Ä. In the sample macro the à ÃDEFAULTÄ Ä is to placea brief error message on the screen. When a à ÃDEFAULTÄ Ä command is not included and there is no
matching à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä statement, the macro jumps to the commands following à ÃENDSWITCHÄ Ä.

ÁàààÁ(4)   ÂEach sub-macro must be preceded by a à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä instruction consisting of three parts. First the word
à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä. Second, the name of the key associated with the sub©macro in quotation marks. Third, a
colon. The key names must be ÃÃupper caseÄÄ and must follow the naming conventions for keys
described in the Appendix. For example, the sub©macro associated with the "C" key would be
preceded by the command

ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà ÃCASEOFÄ Ä "C":

ÁàààÁ   ÂSimilarly, the sub©macro associated with F6 would be preceded by the command

ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà ÃCASEOFÄ Ä "F6":

ÁàààÁ   ÂYou do not need à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä commands for keys that you do not intend to use.

ÁàààÁ   ÂLet us suppose you have a simple macro that transposes the word on which the cursor is resting with
the word on its right. The macro looks like this:

Ù ÙÅÅÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁBlockOn(WordMode!)
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁCutAndPaste
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁPosWordNext
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁMoveModeEndÅ
Å
Ù Éÿ Ù
ÁàààÁ   ÂYou would like to incorporate this macro in your library for use with F©10

ÁàààÁ   ÂFirst, you consult the appendix to find that the abbreviation for F©10 is F0. Thus, the case for the
sub©macro will be

ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà ÃCASEOFÄ Ä "F0":

ÁàààÁ   ÂThe entire sub©macro will read:

Ù ÙÅÅÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Áà ÃCASEOFÄ Ä "F0":
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁBlockOn(WordMode!)
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁCutAndPaste
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁPosWordNext
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁMoveModeEndÅ
Å
Ù Éÿ Ù
ÁàààÁYou will probably wish to use the sample macro as a template to create your own library macro. A comment
in the example points where new sub©macros may be inserted.
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Áà…ì…ÁÃÃConverting from 5.1 to 6.0Äă

ÁàààÁBefore converting your 5.1 library macro you should be aware of three important changes to the macro
language. First, there are new commands. Second, macros are now result oriented rather than keystroke oriented.
Finally, many tricks required to make a 5.1 macro perform acceptably are no longer necessary and no longer work in
6.0.

ÁàààÁThese observations are by way of warning that the process of converting any 5.1 macro to 6.0 may be
difficult. Many problems arise from the need to think differently when programming 6.0 macros. Sometimes, it may
be preferable to start again from scratch rather than coerce a 5.1 macro to 6.0 format.

ÁàààÁThe following instructions assume you are converting a simple 5.1 library macro in which each sub-macro is
completely contained between a à Ã{LABEL}Ä Ä and à Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä command. Those of you skilful enough to have written
more complicated macros will recognize where additional steps are required to preserve your macros.

ÁàààÁPlease review the preceding section concerning the creation of a WordPerfect 6.0 library macro. You will
note some similarities between the structure of a WordPerfect 5.1 library macro and a 6.0 macro. Each has a series of
macros sandwiched between an opening and a closing sequence. There is no need to worry about converting the
opening and closing sequences. That work has been done for you in the accompanying template.
ŒÁàààÁThe sub©macros in a 5.1 library are contained between à Ã{LABEL}Ä Ä and à Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä commands. In contrast,
the sub©macros in a 6.0 library begin with a à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä instruction, and do not contain an explicit end instruction
corresponding to the à Ã{RETURN}Ä Ä command. A 6.0 sub©macro ends where the next à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä instruction begins, or, in
the case of the last sub©macro, a à ÃDEFAULTÄ Ä or à ÃENDSWITCHÄ Ä instruction.

ÁàààÁRetrieve the file MALTLIB.60 into WordPerfect. After acquainting yourself with the structure of a 6.0 library
macro, you will modify the sample to form a skeleton for your own library macro. Edit MALTLIB.60 by deleting any
of the sub©macro examples that are not useful to you. Remember each sub©macro begins with a à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä instruction.
Be sure that none of the key names associated with the remaining à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä statements duplicates any keys that you
wish to preserve in your existing library macro.

ÁàààÁNow convert your 5.1 macro to the new format using the MCV (Macro Convert) program that accompanies
WordPerfect 6.0. Retrieve the converted macro into a new window. Edit the converted macro by deleting (a) the
beginning portion up to the first à ÃLABELÄ Ä instruction associated with your first sub©macro, and (b) the final portion
after the à ÃRETURNÄ Ä command of your last sub©macro. You will now be left with a series of sub©macros, each
beginning with a à ÃLABELÄ Ä command and ending with a à ÃRETURNÄ Ä command. WordPerfect will have noted where it
encountered problems in the conversion process.

ÁàààÁEach à ÃLABELÄ Ä command that introduces a sub©macro should be replaced with a à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä command. Notice
that in 6.0 the à ÃLABELÄ Ä command takes the form à ÃLABELÄ Ä(ÃÃKey AbbreviationÄÄ). The ÃÃKey AbbreviationÄÄ will be the
abbreviation of the key associated with the sub©macro. Be sure to observe the correct syntax of the à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä
command. It consists of three parts: (a) the à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä command, (b) the ÃÃKey AbbreviationÄÄ, which must be capitalized
and in quotes, and (c) a colon. All à ÃRETURNÄ Ä commands should be deleted.

ÁàààÁThis generalized description makes the process sound much more complicated than it really is. An example
should clarify matters. A macro associated with the "F6" key in 5.1 will look like this after having been converted by
MCV:

Ù ÙÅÅÁàààÁà ÃLABELÄ Ä(F6)
ÁàààÁ[Sub©macro commands]
ÁàààÁà ÃRETURNÄ Ä Å
Å
Ù Éÿ Ù
For the 6.0 library it should look like this:

Ù ÙÅÅÁàààÁà ÃCASEOFÄ Ä "F6" :
ÁàààÁ[Sub©macro commands]Å
Å
Ù Éÿ Ù
ÁàààÁThis is the simple part of the conversion process. You can perform it using WordPerfect's à ÃReplaceÄ Ä feature.
The more complicated part pertains to the actual sub©macro commands. In some cases MCV will have flagged
problems in the conversion. For guidance on converting the actual sub©macros, I must refer you to the WordPerfect
documentation (what there is of it) and to WordPerfect technical support. The easiest way to experiment with a sub©macro is to assign it temporarily to a MALT©key. Once you have it working properly, add the à ÃCASEOFÄ Ä instruction
and insert it in your library.

ÁàààÁThose of you using my program MPE4WP will also find it helpful to convert your old macro to text using
M2T. You may then load the text file in a window for comparison with the new macro.

ÁàààÁAfter you have successfully converted your sub©macros, copyÁ```Á them to MALTLIB.60. They should be
inserted immediately after the à ÃSWITCHÄ Ä instruction. There is a comment to guide you to the correct insertion point.

ÁàààÁNow, save MALTLIB.60 as MALTLIB.WPM and put it in your à ÃMacros/Keyboards/Button BarÄ Ä directory.
When you save the macro, WordPerfect should display the message "Compiling Macro" with a bar graph showing the
progress of compilation. If this message did not appear, take the following steps. Exit from MALTLIB.WPM. Press
Ctrl©F10, type "MALTLIB", and choose "Edit Macro". WordPerfect will again retrieve MALTLIB to the editing
screen. Now save the macro again. This should force WordPerfect to compile your macro.
Ù

Ù

Áà
ì
ÁÃÃSample Library MacroÄă

ÁàààÁTo try out the sample library macro included with this package, copy either MALTLIB.51 (for WordPerfect
5.1) or MALTLIB.60 (for WordPerfect 6.0) to the same directory as your other macros and rename the file asMALTLIB.WPM. The sample is intended to illustrate the structure of a library macro. Many of the sub©macros could
just as well be mapped to keyboard file. One of MALT's virtues, however, is independence from keyboard files. The
Memorandum sub©macro (ScrollLock + M) is more ambitious than the other examples. The sample library macro also
contains comments for purposes of explanation. It may be desirable to limit comments in your library macro, in order
to reduce macro size. Please note that the sample macro for use with WordPerfect 5.x contains a few commands that
are unique to the 5.1 macro language.

ÁàààÁThe sample library macro contains the following sub©macros. Some macros in sample for WordPerfect 6.0
Ù

Ùoperate differently. The differences are noted in brackets.

ÅÅÐ
°°` °
ÐÒ
Ƃ` ¸(#Æ
҇CÅ
Å Center justifyˆ
‡ÅÅDÅ
Å Ù ÙDefine paragraph numbering
[Define counter numbering]ˆ
‡Ù Éÿ ÙÅÅÒ
Ƃ` ¸(#Æ
҇HÅ
Å Make header Aˆ‡ˆÐ
` °°°
Ð
ÅÅÐ
°°` °
ÐÒ
Ƃ` ¸(#Æ
҇IÅ
Å Italicsˆ
‡ÅÅKÅ
Å Change case of letter under cursorˆ
‡ÅÅLÅ
Å Ù ÙLeft/Right Margins
[Margin dialog]ˆ
‡Ù Éÿ ÙÅÅMÅ
Å Memorandum (Modify to include your own name in the à ÃFROM: Ä Äfield)ˆ
‡ÅÅRÅ
Å Flush rightˆ
‡ÅÅSÅ
Å Set tabsˆ
‡T Ù ÙTop/Bottom margins
[Margin dialog]ˆ
‡Ù Éÿ ÙÅÅVÅ
Å View document (Preview)ˆ
‡ÅÅZÅ
Å Paper sizeˆ
‡ÅÅF6Å
Å Bold/Underlineˆ
‡ÅÅ1 © 4Å
Å Paragraph [counter] numbering (levels 1 to 4)ˆ
‡ÅÅCRÅ
Å Ù ÙLine leading
[Paragraph margin]ˆ
‡Ù Éÿ ÙÅÅÙ ÙRT
XRTÅ
Å Ù Éÿ ÙAdvance rightˆ
‡ÅÅÙ ÙLE
XLEÅ
Å Ù Éÿ ÙAdvance leftˆ
‡ÅÅÙ ÙUP
XUPÅ
Å Ù Éÿ ÙAdvance upˆ
‡ÅÅÒ
Ƃ` ¸(#Æ
҇Ù ÙDO
XDOÅ
Å Ù Éÿ ÙAdvance downˆ

‡ˆÐ
` °°°
ÐÁàààÁIn the interest of candor, it is worth acknowledging that ScrollLock is not the most felicitous choice for a shift
key. On the other hand, it is no worse placed than the track balls on many new notebook computers. Unfortunately,
the other key choices are either worse, or more or less in use. Please let me know if you have a suggestion for an
alternative. Incidentally, by its nature the library feature is not amenable to a ÃÃQuick DefineÄÄ operation. Those who
manage to press ScrollLock, Shift, and a third key together will find the effort unavailing.

Ù

Ù
Áà–ì–ÁÃÃLoading and Unloading MALTÄă

ÁàààÁMALT must be loaded into memory before you run WordPerfect. If you run WordPerfect or another program
in the Perfect family from WordPerfect Office Shell or from WordPerfect Works Shell, then MALT must be installed
before Shell. To load MALT into memory, type à ÃMALTÄ Ä at the DOS command line. If MALT is not on your path or
in the default directory, you must include the full path name. MALT then becomes memory resident for use with
WordPerfect or other members of the Perfect family that are run afterwards. MALT will refuse to load a second copy
of itself, if it finds that it has previously been loaded into memory.

ÁàààÁUnloading MALT is equally simple. To unload MALT from memory type à ÃMALT /UÄ Ä. If you have loaded
any TSRs after MALT, be sure to unload them first. Since MALT uses such a small amount of memory, you may not
wish to go to the trouble of unloading it.

ÁàààÁThe most practical way to load and unload MALT is with a batch file that also starts WordPerfect. A simple
batch file would look like this:

ÅÅÙ ÙÁàààÁÁ   ÁMALT
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁWP
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁMALT /U
Å
ÅÙ Éÿ Ù
ÁàààÁSimilarly, if you start WordPerfect from your AUTOEXEC.BAT file, you should edit the lines immediately
before and after the line that starts WordPerfect according to the preceding instructions. A simple AUTOEXEC.BAT
file might look like this:

ÅÅÙ ÙÁàààÁÁ   ÁPROMPT $p$g
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁPATH C:\DOS;C:\WP;C:\UTILITY
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁMALT
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁWP
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁMALT /U
Å
ÅÙ Éÿ Ù
Of course, you will add full path names if MALT is not on your path. Incidentally, MALT releases its copy of the
environment, so it does not matter where in your batch file you place commands that go into the environment.

ÁàààÁOn a 386SX, 386DX or 486 computer with an appropriate memory manager, such as QEMM, DR DOS's
MemoryMAX, or DOS 5+ HIMEM.SYS and EMM386.EXE, MALT may also be loaded high using the appropriate
LOADHI command.

ÁàààÁTo use MALT with WordPerfect while running in a DOS session under OS/2 2.1, add MALT to the batch file
that is run at the beginning of the WordPerfect session.

ÁàààÁDESQview and Windows users may find it makes sense to load MALT in high memory before running
DESQview or Windows. Alternatively, MALT may also be loaded in a batch file that loads WordPerfect in a
DESQview window or Windows DOS session.

ÁàààÁIn rare circumstances, MALT may refuse to load itself into memory in the mistaken belief that it is already
resident. This is most likely to occur in a multi©tasking or task switching environment under the following
circumstances. MALT is loaded with WordPerfect, but is not explicitly unloaded after the session is over. When you
next try to run a WordPerfect session, MALT thinks it is still installed.

ÁàààÁIf this occurs, you may use the "/F" switch to force MALT to install itself, even though it erroneously believes
it is already resident. Use the "/F" switch only if you are certain that MALT is not resident. If this situation arises
frequently, you may wish to use the command "MALT /F" in the batch file that installs MALT. Do this only if you
are certain that duplicate copies of MALT cannot be installed. This would be the case if you are running WordPerfect
and MALT in a DESQview window, or in a DOS session under OS/2 or Windows.Œ™ÁàààÁShould you manage to install two copies of MALT, by using the "/ F" switch, all MALT©keys will be
interpreted as MALT©F11. If this happens, uninstall one copy by typing "MALT /U" at the DOS command line.

Ù

Ù
Áà:ì:ÁÃÃConfiguring MALTÄă

ÁàààÁIn order for MALT to work properly, it must know what keys you are using for the à ÃMacro ExecuteÄ Ä or
à ÃMacro DefineÄ Ä functions. If you have not remapped these two keys from their respective default assignments of
Alt-F10 and Ctrl-F10, you do not need to read this section, and you do not need to configure MALT.

ÁàààÁIf you have changed the à ÃMacro ExecuteÄ Ä key from Alt-F10, or if you have changed the à ÃMacro DefineÄ Ä key
from Ctrl-F10, you must use the MALTCFG program to configure MALT. To run the configuration program, type
à ÃMALTCFGÄ Ä at the command line. To force MALTCFG to run in monochrome, type à ÃMALTCFG /MÄ Ä. It really is not
necessary to read this section to run MALTCFG, since the program is self©explanatory.

ÁàààÁMALTCFG first looks in its own directory, then in the default directory (if the two are different), for a copy
of MALT.COM. It will then verify that the copy of MALT.COM it has found is the correct version. MALTCFG will
not recognize MALT.COM if it has been compressed by PKLite, LZE or a similar utility. MALT.COM may be
compressed, however, ÃÃafterÄÄ it has been configured. (Note: MALT is now so small that PKLite will not compress it.
Moreover, on a standard hard disk, there would be no benefit to compression, because MALT uses only one cluster.)
If the configuration program cannot find MALT.COM, you will have an opportunity to tell MALTCFG where it is
located. Likewise, MALTCFG will allow you to configure a copy of MALT.COM in a different directory.

ÁàààÁIf you encounter problems configuring MALT on a compressed drive (Stacker, DoubleSpace, etc.), then copy
MALT.COM to a floppy disk. Tell MALTCFG to configure A:MALT.COM (or B:MALT.COM). When
configuration is complete, copy MALT.COM back to your hard drive.

ÁàààÁMALTCFG will next ask you for the appropriate key assignments for the à ÃMacro ExecuteÄ Ä or à ÃMacro DefineÄ Ä
functions. Simply press the appropriate key then press à ÃEnterÄ Ä to confirm each choice. MALTCFG recognizes the
same keys as WordPerfect in the same manner as WordPerfect, so if you press an unrecognized key like Ctrl-3 or
Ctrl-/, nothing will happen. Similarly, pressing Ctrl-Space is recognized as Space, the same as it is in WordPerfect.
MALTCFG will query you, if it questions the propriety of one of your choices.

ÁàààÁAfter you have confirmed your choices are correct, MALTCFG will configure a new copy of MALT.COM.
The old copy of MALT.COM will be renamed MALT.CO!. Since the same copy of MALT.COM may be
re-configured any number of times, you may safely delete MALT.CO!.

Ù

Ù
ÁàÏìÏÁÃÃOther Uses for MALTÄă

ÁàààÁA thoughtful user has pointed out to me that MALT can also be used at the DOS command line to run batch
files. Suppose, for example, that you have a batch file called BACK.BAT for backing up new files. You could
rename the file MALTB.BAT. Pressing MALT©B at the DOS command line would now cause MALTB.BAT to
execute. You should be aware, however, that MALT may not recognize all the keys on the enhanced keyboard while
at the command line. Thus, MALT may not recognize F11 and F12, or distinguish between the keys on the cursor pad
and their counterparts on the numeric keypad.

Ù

Ù
ÁàìÁÃÃUsing MALT with MPE4WPÄă

ÁàààÁIf you are writing macros of any length or complexity for WordPerfect 5.1, you are, or should be, using my
program MPE4WP. To use MPE4WP with MALT, you need only rename the file macros that are distributed with the
program. For example, {CREATE}.WPM would be renamed MALTC.WPM. Pressing MALT-C (CapsLock and C)
will now run the ÃÃCreateÄÄ macro. Continue to use the MPE4WP keyboard for those macros that only exist as key
macros.

Ù

Ù
Áàï
ìï
ÁÃÃCompatibility and Keyboard PeculiaritiesÄă

ÁàààÁMALT has been tested on IBM©compatible systems under DOS versions 3.x and 5.0, QEMM 6.0 (with and
without Stealth enabled), DESQview 2.4, DR DOS 6.0, OS/2 2.1, and Windows 3.1. If MALT does not operate as
described, the most likely explanation is a TSR conflict. MALT should be compatible with other TSRs because it usesa different hot key arrangement and because it does not trap interrupt 9. My experience has verified this, although it is
impossible for me to have tested it with all TSRs. Please let me know if you encounter any difficulties.

ÁàààÁThe standard advice when encountering TSR conflicts is first to unload all TSRs, then load MALT to
determine if it works by itself. If so, the problem is a TSR conflict. To try and isolate the offender, re©load the other
TSRs one at a time. The other advice for remedying TSR conflicts is to try changing the order in which the programs
are loaded. Since MALT only works with WordPerfect (and other members of the WPCorp family), it makes sense to
load it immediately before loading WordPerfect (or the other program) so it can be unloaded immediately after you
exit the WPCorp program. But MALT really does not care where it is loaded, so long as it is loaded before the
WPCorp program and Shell (if you use Shell). If you spend most of your day in WordPerfect, you probably do not
care where you load MALT.

ÁàààÁAnother type of compatibility problem may arise with certain keyboards. Most programs that manipulate the
keyboard warn about the Tandy keyboard. Not having access to a Tandy keyboard, I cannot verify whether there is an
incompatibility with MALT.

ÁàààÁI am aware of one incompatibility that may arise when using the ÃÃQuick DefineÄÄ feature. My Northgate
keyboard does not recognize certain keystrokes when more than one than shift key is held down simultaneously. For
example, it recognizes CapsLock-Shift-T and CapsLock-Shift-I, but not CapsLock-Shift-Y or CapsLock-Shift-U.
(Incidentally, this anomaly is not unique to CapsLock, but also occurs with other shift key pairs.) If you encounter
this problem, use the old-fashioned way of defining macros: first press à ÃMacro DefineÄ Ä (Ctrl-F10) then press the
MALT-key, e.g., CapsLock-Y. This problem is a failing of the keyboard and cannot be remedied by MALT or any
other program.

ÁàààÁMALT always restores each of CapsLock and ScrollLock to the same state it was before you hit a MALT-key
or MALTLIB©key, but in certain circumstances you might believe MALT has erred. For example, if you have a PC
keyboard with a CapsLock light, the light may change even though CapsLock is set correctly. (This idiosyncrasy does
not generally occur with enhanced keyboards.) If you check the "pos" on the WordPerfect status line, however, you
can verify the correct state of CapsLock. If CapsLock is off, "pos" is lower-case; if CapsLock is on "POS" will be
upper-case. Another peculiarity occurs in WordPerfect 5.0. If you accidentally hit a MALT-key for which a macro
has not been defined in WordPerfect 5.0, "pos" will switch from lower to upper, or from upper to lower, as the case
may be, and will not switch back until the next time you hit à ÃEnterÄ Ä. Aside these oddities and indications to the
contrary, it bears repeating that MALT will always properly reset CapsLock and ScrollLock to their prior states.

ÁàààÁIf you use a memory map utility to determine how MALT is loaded into memory, do not be concerned to find
that MALT is listed as unknown. This happens because MALT, like a good citizen, releases its copy of the
environment.

Ù

Ù
ÁàÀìÀÁÃÃProgram NotesÄă

ÁàààÁBeginning with version 1.3, MALT has been written entirely in assembly language. MALTCFG is written in
Microsoft Professional Development System (PDS) BASIC 7.10, using routines contained in Crescent Software's
QuickPak Professional, and linked with Crescent's P.D.Q.

ÁàààÁI drew on several reference sources detailing the operation of the keyboard and the ROM BIOS while
preparing MALT and MALTCFG. Of these, by far the most instructive was the article by Michael J. Mefford entitled
"An In-depth Exploration of the PC Keyboard and its Interrupt Service Routines", which appeared in the May 1990
issue of ÃÃMicrosoft Systems JournalÄÄ (Volume 5, Number 3). His method for detecting the presence of an enhanced
keyboard is incorporated in MALTCFG. Also very useful were the pair of articles by Barry Simon (someone for
whom I have a deep admiration because of his work on CTRLALT and STACKEY) entitled "Learning Your Way
Around the Keyboard under DOS", which appeared in the December 25, 1990 and January 15, 1991 issues of ÃÃPC
MagazineÄÄ (Volume 9, Number 22 and Volume 10, Number 1). His program BIOSDATA, which was distributed with
the articles, was especially helpful in deciphering the operation of the PC keyboard BIOS.

ÁàààÁTwo other informative resources were ÃÃDOS Programmer's Reference (2nd Edition)ÄÄ, by Terry Dettmann and
Jim Kyle, and ÃÃThe New Peter Norton Programmer's Guide to the IBM PC & PS/2ÄÄ, by Peter Norton and Richard
Wilton. I also referred frequently to ÃÃAdvanced MS-DOS Programming (Second Edition)ÄÄ, by Ray Duncan, but not for
keyboard information.
ŒÁàààÁSurprisingly, only the Norton book contained even a partial list of the codes generated by the ROM BIOS for
legal keys on the enhanced keyboard. To remedy this deficiency, I have prepared a program called SCANASC for use
by the programming community (or anyone else who happens to be curious). SCANASC reports the scan and ASCII
codes for all keys interpreted by the BIOS keyboard services in hex and decimal and identifies whether the key is
available only on the enhanced keyboard. SCANASC will optionally prepare a customized list of the values for all
keys pressed during a session for later reference. There is no charge for the program and it is available in the
Programming Forum of PCMagnet where it is called SCANAS.ZIP. (Notice the absence of the final "C" in the root
name. CompuServe only permits six-letter root names.)

ÁàààÁI am indebted to ÃÃPC MagazineÄÄ, Crescent Software, and Ethan Winer's book ÃÃBASIC Techniques and UtilitiesÄÄ
for information that permitted the translation of MALT from BASIC to assembly language. MALT 2.0 and above
benefitted from the insights gained by study of ÃÃZen of Assembly Language, Volume I, KnowledgeÄÄ by Michael Abrash.
This book is not only a compendium of information about assembly language programming, but also a treatise on how
to think. Credit for much of the reduction in MALT's memory usage since Version 1.3 goes to Ralf Brown whose
RBkeyswap is a fascinating collection of tricks.

Ù

Ù
ÁàÇìÇÁÃÃStandard DisclaimersÄă

ÁàààÁMost personal computer users realize that only the blandest warranties accompany software. This software is
no different from any other in that respect. Accordingly, there are no warranties of merchantability or fitness for a
particular purpose, nor will the author be responsible for any damages (incidental, consequential, or otherwise) in
excess of the purchase price. I have tested MALT and MALTCFG, and I believe, they will work as described. If you
encounter problems, please let me know. I may be reached at the address given below or on CompuServe (ID No.
76170,1627).

Ù

Ù
ÁàjìjÁÃÃRegistration/License/CopyrightÄă

ÁàààÁMALT is a user supported program. It is not public domain. If you are using MALT for personal use, you
should pay a $15 registration fee. MALT has deliberately been priced low to encourage registration. A combined
registration for MALT and my other program MPE4WP is $30. If you have already registered MPE4WP, you may
register MALT for an additional $10. MALT may not be used in business without a license. For information about
securing a license to use MALT in business, please see the section entitled "Business Use". Should you misplace this
documentation, registration information may be obtained on demand by typing "MALT /R" at the DOS command line.


ÅÅÁà”ì”ÁÃÃHow to RegisterÄă

ÁàààÁTo register MALT for personal use, please send your $15 check or money order ($30 for a combined
registration with MPE4WP) to:
Å
Å
ÅÅÙ ÙÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁMichael H. Shacter
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@Á10309 Parkwood Drive
ÁàààÁÁ   ÁÁ@@@ÁKensington, Maryland 20895
Å
ÅÙ Éÿ Ù
ÁàààÁIn exchange, you will receive an acknowledgement and at least $15 (or $30) worth of satisfaction. (Payment
for orders outside the U.S.A. must by check or money order drawn on a U.S. bank or by international money order. I
know this is a nuisance, and I am sorry.) Please note that you will not be sent a disk, only a registration number. If
you absolutely must have a copy of MALT on disk, please send an additional $5 ($10 for foreign orders). Please
(a) specify 5ÀÀ or 3ÀÀ disk size, (b) include 5% sales tax if you are a Maryland resident, and (c) be patient. For your
convenience, a registration form is included with this package. Please see the file REGISTER.FRM.

ÁàààÁAs of the date of this release, MALT may be found on CompuServe in library 3 (Macros/Merges) of the
WPUSERS forum, where the most current version is always known as MALT.ZIP. There is no cost for registered
users of prior versions to upgrade to the current version (aside from the cost, if any, of securing a physical copy).
Registered users may secure the most current version of my programs from me for a $5 shipping and handling fee.
Remember to specify disk size.

Ù

ٌÁà ì ÁÃÃBusiness UseÄă

ÁàààÁA license is required to use MALT in business, after a reasonable trial period. Business use includes use by
governmental entities, non-profit organizations, and any other use that is not strictly personal. You may obtain a
license by writing to me at the above address. The license fee will depend on the number of MALT users in your
business. Discounts are available for multiple copies. Please feel free to submit a reasonable proposal, including any
special requirements for customization you may have. Remember, if you are using MALT to make money, I am too,
and in this respect, my expectation of a living is superior to yours.

Ù

Ù
Áà=ì=ÁÃÃOther restrictionsÄă

ÁàààÁAll authorized users are granted a limited license to make copies of MALT without charge, subject to the
restrictions contained elsewhere in this document as well these:

ÁàààÁÁ   Á(a) MALT must be distributed in absolutely unmodified form, including MALT, MALTCFG, the
sample library macro, the registration form and this documentation.

ÁàààÁÁ   Á(b) For-profit use of MALT without a license is prohibited.

ÁàààÁÁ   Á(c) MALT may not be included or bundled with any other product for any reason.

ÁàààÁNot-for-profit user's groups, such as the Capital PC User Group, are permitted to charge a small fee for
materials, handling, postage, and general overhead. No other organization is permitted to charge for distribution of
copies of MALT.

ÁàààÁElectronic bulletin board system operators are encouraged to post MALT on their bulletin board systems for
downloading by their users, if the above conditions are met, and if no special fee is necessary to access the MALT
files (a general fee to access the BBS is acceptable). Likewise, all authorized users are encouraged to upload to
MALT to BBS meeting these requirements. ÁàeìeÁAPPENDIXƒ
ÁàìììÁƒ
ÁàìÁÃÃNaming MALT-key MacrosÄă


ÁàààÁMALT uses a set of abbreviations to identify non©alphanumeric MALT-keys. Most people will not care about
the file names of their MALT-key macros so long as each MALT-key is consistently associated with a macro file. To
assemble a library macro, however, it is essential to know key names. This appendix describes the MALT naming
strategy. The abbreviations, while logical, are necessarily terse because of DOS naming conventions (only eight
letters) and because of the need for MALT to conserve memory (longer names mean increased memory requirements).

ÁàààÁAlphanumeric MALT-key macros follow the naming convention set by WordPerfect: "MALT" plus the letter
or number. Thus, MALT-P is associated with the file MALTP.WPM, and, by extension, MALT-4 is associated with
the file MALT4.WPM. Punctuation keys cannot be disposed of so easily because most punctuation marks are illegal
in file names. For instance, MALT=.WPM would not work because the equal sign may not be included in a file name.
In general, most punctuation keys, cursor positioning keys, and function keys use a two-letter abbreviation following
the name MALT. For example, MALT-= is associated with the file MATLEQ.WPM and MALT-F1 with
MALTF1.WPM. To distinguish between keys on the numeric keypad and identically named keys on the enhanced
keyboard's cursor pad, MALT adds an "X" between "MALT" and the key name in the latter case. Accordingly, the
file associated with MALT-PgDn on the numeric keypad is MALTPD.WPM and MALT-en PgDn on the enhanced
keyboard is MALTXPD.WPM.

ÁàààÁThe following table lists all non-alphanumeric MALT-keys and their associated abbreviations. Keys preceded
by an asterisk are only available on enhanced keyboards.

Ù Ù
ÐÐÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿxˆÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ°ÿÿÐÐÁÁÃÃKEYÄÄÁxxxÁÃÃABBRÄÄÁÁÃÃKEYÄÄÁˆˆˆÁÃÃABBRÄÄ

ÐÐÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿxˆÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ°ÿÿÐÐÐ
°°°
ÐÒ
ÆÀÐ Æ
҇ESCÁxxxÁES
-ÁxxxÁ-
=ÁxxxÁEQ
BackspaceÁxxxÁBS
TabÁxxxÁTA
[ÁxxxÁ{
]ÁxxxÁ}
EnterÁxxxÁCR
*Num EnterÁxxxÁNCR
'ÁxxxÁ'
`ÁxxxÁ~
\ÁxxxÁBA
,ÁxxxÁCO
.ÁxxxÁPE
/ÁxxxÁSL
*Num /ÁxxxÁNSL
Num *ÁxxxÁNA
SpaceÁxxxÁSP
F1ÁxxxÁF1
F2ÁxxxÁF2
F3ÁxxxÁF3
F4ÁxxxÁF4
F5ÁxxxÁF5
F6ÁxxxÁF6
F7ÁxxxÁF7
F8ÁxxxÁF8
F9ÁxxxÁF9 F10ÁˆˆˆÁF0
*F11ÁˆˆˆÁF11
*F12ÁˆˆˆÁF12
InsertÁˆˆˆÁIN
DeleteÁˆˆˆÁDE
HomeÁˆˆˆÁHO
EndÁˆˆˆÁED
PageUpÁˆˆˆÁPU
PageDownÁˆˆˆÁPD
UpÁˆˆˆÁUP
DownÁˆˆˆÁDO
RightÁˆˆˆÁRT
LeftÁˆˆˆÁLE
Num -ÁˆˆˆÁNM
Num +ÁˆˆˆÁNP
*Num 5ÁˆˆˆÁN5
*en InsertÁˆˆˆÁXIN
*en DeleteÁˆˆˆÁXDE
*en HomeÁˆˆˆÁXHO
*en EndÁˆˆˆÁXED
*en PageUpÁˆˆˆÁXPU
*en PageDownÁˆˆˆÁXPD
*en UpÁˆˆˆÁXUP
*en DownÁˆˆˆÁXDO
*en RightÁˆˆˆÁXRT
*en LeftÁˆˆˆÁXLE