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{COMMO} (tm)
"A New Standard in Telecommunications"
by Fred P. Brucker
Part I
User Guide and Reference
Release 6.5
July 15, 1995
(C)Copyright 1989-1995 Fred P. Brucker All Rights Reserved
The {COMMO} program and associated on-disk documentation are the property
of Fred P. Brucker (the "author") and may not be sold without permission.
The Shareware version may be distributed, unaltered and as a unit, via
Electronic Bulletin Board Systems.
SHAREWARE DISTRIBUTORS and clubs, please see the file VENDOR.DOC for
distribution guidelines.
THE AUTHOR OF THIS PROGRAM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH REGARD TO THE
SOFTWARE, THE ACCOMPANYING WRITTEN MATERIALS AND THE DISKETTES. IN NO
EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL OR INDIRECT DAMAGES OF ANY KIND ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THE
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF THE AUTHOR HAS BEEN SPECIFICALLY ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT WILL THE AUTHOR'S LIABILITY
EXCEED THE ACTUAL PRICE PAID FOR THE LICENSE TO USE THE SOFTWARE.
YOUR USE OF THIS PROGRAM CONSTITUTES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THESE TERMS.
{COMMO} is a trademark of Fred P. Brucker. All other trademarks and
registered trademarks referenced in this document are the property of their
respective owners.
================================
{COMMO} Registration Information
================================
{COMMO} is a "SHAREWARE" product. You are entitled to evaluate it for
30 days. If it suits your needs and you would like to continue using
it, then you must pay the licensing fee. Please use the REGISTRATION
FORM on the next page.
When you REGISTER you will be licensed to use all future SHAREWARE
releases of {COMMO}. You will never have to pay an "update" charge.
Registration allows you to eliminate delay screens and to enable extra
features (see 65INFO.DOC for list). Registered users will receive
priority support on Bulletin Boards and CompuServe (see 65INFO.DOC).
Call or write for pricing information on MULTI-USER (SITE) and
DISTRIBUTION licenses. Discounts are given on quantities of 10 or more.
All prices shown are US DOLLARS. Please remit US FUNDS on US BANK only.
NET 30 TERMS will be accepted on purchase orders totalling $100.00 or
more.
The PRINTED MANUAL is 7 x 8.5 (inches) in size and includes an index.
The DISKETTE has the latest {COMMO} release plus the latest version of
the Enhanced MOSTHOST host macro.
For orders, inquiries and support for registered users, call MON-SAT,
9am-5pm, EASTERN time. If you get my answering machine, please try
again later (I cannot return long distance calls).
To register by E-mail on CompuServe or Internet, upload the completed
Registration Form as a message (text or binary).
MAILING ADDRESS: Fred P. Brucker
P.O. Box 141537
Columbus, OH 43214
VOICE TELEPHONE: (614) 326-1309
COMPUSERVE: 71021,356
INTERNET: [email protected]
PAYMENT OPTIONS:
1) CHECK or MONEY ORDER: make payable to FRED P. BRUCKER.
2) CREDIT CARD: fill in the credit card information at the bottom of
the Registration Form (next page). Credit card orders may be mailed,
phoned or E-mailed via CompuServe.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
{COMMO} 6.5 SINGLE USER REGISTRATION FORM
Name _______________________________________________________________
Company name (if company address) ____________________________________
Address _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
* All prices include shipping and handling * Number
of Copies
{COMMO} single user license with PRINTED MANUAL and DISKETTE:
Price in USA/Canada/Mexico ....................... $ 53.00 ____
OHIO residents (includes sales tax) .............. 56.05 ____
All other countries .............................. 60.00 ____
{COMMO} single user license, with DISKETTE:
Price in USA/Canada/Mexico ....................... $ 40.00 ____
OHIO residents (includes sales tax) .............. 42.30 ____
All other countries .............................. 42.00 ____
Special price for BBS sysops and students, with DISKETTE:
Price in USA/Canada/Mexico ....................... $ 30.00 ____
OHIO residents (includes sales tax) .............. 31.73 ____
All other countries .............................. 32.00 ____
Sysops: BBS name and phone number ____________________
Students: name of school _____________________________
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Specify if OTHER than 3.5" HD diskette: _______
Enter total AMOUNT: $ ____________
Payment method: Check__ Money order__ Visa__ MasterCard__
Carte Blanche__ Diners Club__ JCB__ PO__
INFORMATION FOR CREDIT CARD PURCHASES ONLY:
Card No. ________ ________ ________ ________ Expires ____/____
mo. yr.
Cardholder signature _____________________________________________
Cardholder name __________________________________________________
Daytime telephone (_____) _____ _______
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Answers to the following questions will help me serve you better in the
future:
How did you obtain {COMMO}? (If BBS, please give name and phone number)
________________________________________________________________________
In general terms, what do you use {COMMO} for?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
What type of computer and modem do you use?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Comments / Questions ___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Thank you, and I hope you enjoy {COMMO}.
-6-
========
Contents
========
Program Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Principal Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
The Best Way to Learn {COMMO} Quickly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Quick Start Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Preparing Your System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Initialization Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Terminal Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
{COMMO} Key Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
[Alt-A] ASCII Upload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
[Alt-B] Send Break Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
[Alt-C] Clear Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
[Alt-D] Dialing Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Dialing Directory Entry Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
[Alt-G] Edit Setup File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Predefining Variables with SET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Explanation of Setup File Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
[Alt-H] Hang Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
[Alt-I] Screen Image Save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
[Alt-K] Scrollback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
[Alt-M] Macro File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Compiling Macro Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
[Alt-N] Multi Number Dialing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
[Alt-O] Send Modem Initialization String . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
[Alt-P] Set Terminal Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Parameter Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
How to Set Terminal Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
[Alt-S] Shell to DOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
[Alt-T] Set Toggles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Sound Control Toggle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Local Echo Toggle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Signal Lights Toggle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
[Alt-U] Utility Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
[Alt-W] Send Current Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
[Alt-X] Exit from {COMMO} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
[Alt-1] Capture File Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
[Alt-2] Print Log Toggle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
[Alt--] Chat Mode Toggle (Alt minus) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
[Alt-=] Doorway Mode Toggle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
[F1] How to Use Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Modifying the Help File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
[PgUp]/[PgDn] Uploading/Downloading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Internal Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
-7-
ASCII Upload/Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
External Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Using HS/Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Using Kermit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Using OZBEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
External Zmodem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
{COMMO} Auto Receive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Keyboard Macros: Customizing Key Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Appendix A: Setting Up Your Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Answering a call from another computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Connecting two computers (null modem cable) . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Appendix B {COMMO} and Multi-Tasking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
DESQview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
OS/2 and Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
OmniView . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
DoubleDOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Appendix C Flow Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Appendix D ASCII Character Representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Appendix E Terminal Emulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
ANSI-BBS Keyboard Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
VT102 Keyboard Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
VT220 Keyboard Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Printer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Appendix F Usage Log Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Appendix G Error Message Explanations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Appendix H {COMMO} Macro Key-labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Table of PREDEFINED Key-labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
USER-DEFINED Key-labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Appendix I List of Reserved Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Appendix J Macro Functions Listed by Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Appendix K {COMMO} Support Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
The Internal Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Using an External Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
The Setup File, COMMO.SET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
The Dialing Directory, COMMO.FON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
The Resident Macro File, COMMO.MAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
The Auxiliary Macro File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
The Online Help File, COMMO.HLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Changes to the Support Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
-8-
========== Program Description
{COMMO} is a high-performance communications program. The comprehensive
macro programming (script) language provides the power to customize the
program and to automate any online or offline procedure.
{COMMO} handles high speed modems with ease, is multi-tasker aware and uses
plain text support files (Setup File, Dialing Directory and Macro Files).
It is small in size, yet has an amazing amount of functionality (it is
written entirely in assembly language).
And {COMMO} is elegant, easy to learn and fun to use!
See the full list of features starting on the next page.
Minimum system configuration:
IBM PC compatible computer.
MS-DOS 2.1 or higher.
128k of memory.
One diskette drive.
A serial port or internal modem with an 8250, 16450 or 16550
compatible UART chip.
{COMMO} can be configured to work with any type of modem.
{COMMO} is pronounced cah'mo. It's technical jargon for "communications."
{COMMO}
"A New Standard in Telecommunications"
-9-
========== Principal Features
{COMMO} is small in size, loads rapidly and performs all functions with
great speed.
The powerful Macro Language allows you to:
* Write macro "scripts" to automate many common operations such as
logging in, reading messages, uploading/downloading. {COMMO}
will even perform these tasks in the middle of the night while
you sleep.
* Assign Function Keys, Alt Keys, Keypad Keys, etc., to:
- Send a string to the modem
- Execute any DOS command
- Start any macro
- Initiate any {COMMO} function.
* Create pop-up menus with "hot keys" to start any macro.
* Edit all macros without exiting {COMMO}, using the Internal
Editor (or your external editor). Macros become effective
immediately.
* Call your computer from a remote location using {COMMO}'s
convenient Host Mode, written in {COMMO}'s macro language.
* Macros can be compiled for improved speed, reduced size and
greater security.
The free-form Dialing Directory can hold an unlimited number of entries.
Multi Number Dialing is supported from the command line. A macro may be
linked to each directory entry.
Built-in file transfer protocols include Zmodem, Ymodem and Xmodem. Files
can be tagged for uploading with {COMMO}'s file selection feature.
Multi-tasking support. {COMMO} is fully DESQview aware and operates in far
less memory than comparable programs. Also compatible with OS/2, Windows,
OmniView, DoubleDOS and others.
Swap to Disk may be used when shelling to DOS or executing external
programs. The resident program kernel occupies about 8k of memory.
Built-in ANSI-BBS and VT102 emulation. Supports ANSI editing functions,
scrolling region, 132 column mode, graphics character set, tab set/clear,
printing, modes, reports, etc. Complete auto-switching VT102 or VT220
keyboard support via Macros.
ENQ/ACK terminal protocol support.
ASCII Upload feature sends messages and text files. Includes optional line
pacing, linefeed stripping and blank line expansion.
-10-
The Setup File, Dialing Directory and Macro File are plain text files and
may be edited with the full-function Internal Editor, or with any external
editor.
Any file up to 64k in size may be edited within {COMMO} using the Internal
Editor.
String search is available in all support file windows.
{COMMO} supports all text display modes, including 132 column screens.
Character Translate Tables for both sending and receiving. Tables can be
modified dynamically via macros.
Split-screen Chat Mode for communicating with another computer which is
also running a terminal program. All program features are available while
in Chat Mode.
Doorway Mode lets you operate remote applications with full use of your
screen and keyboard.
{COMMO}'s Auto Receive feature lets you configure any 16 strings to
automatically trigger any 16 macros. Thus any protocol with a "signature"
can be set to start automatically. Zmodem and HS/Link are pre-configured.
Support for any eight serial ports. Port addresses and IRQ's are
configurable (including IRQ 8 to 15). Port speeds up to 115,200 bps.
Automatic support for NS16550A (or AF) buffered UART chip.
Serial port Signal Lights may be displayed on the Status Line, including
send and receive. Very useful with internal modems.
Scrollback buffer up to 64k bytes gives instant replay of the text that has
scrolled off the screen.
Capture File saves all text from the screen to a disk file. Three
different capture modes are available.
Screen Image Save writes the current screen to a disk file.
Print Log writes all text from the screen to the printer.
Usage Log records date, time, length of call and other information about
each call. Date of last call can be saved in the Dialing Directory.
Date and time formats used in logs and displays are configurable for use in
any country.
Comprehensive support for visually impaired users with {COMMO}'s
configurable Speech Friendly Interface (use the "/b" command line switch or
set {sfi=yes} in COMMO.SET).
-11-
Extensive context-related Online Help.
-12-
========== Getting Started
NOTE: Refer to Appendix G for explanations of any error messages you
receive during your initial use of {COMMO}.
For greater detail, see the next section "Preparing Your System."
-----===== The Best Way to Learn {COMMO} Quickly
1) Read "Getting Started," which will get you up and running.
2) Read Appendix A "Setting Up Your Modem" for some very important
instructions.
3) Read through the section "{COMMO} Key Commands" to familiarize
yourself with {COMMO}'s commands and features.
4) Use Online Help as a reference while you use {COMMO}.
-----===== Quick Start Instructions
1) If you have a hard drive, create a subdirectory named "COMMO." Copy
all of the files from the {COMMO} archive or distribution diskette
into this subdirectory.
If your system has only floppy drives, copy the {COMMO} files to a
formatted diskette.
Now change to the {COMMO} subdirectory or log in to the diskette where
you have copied the {COMMO} files.
2) Run the "New User's Guide" by typing "guide" at the DOS prompt.
Follow the instructions carefully. A macro will automatically take
you on a tour of some of {COMMO}'s main features.
When you are in the Setup File you will be in {COMMO}'s Internal
Editor and you may change any part of the file using the arrow keys,
PgUp, PgDn and other editing keys. Press Alt-E for Edit Help to see a
list of editing keys.
You may need to change some of the items to conform to your system
setup. Notice that {COMMO} only looks at the items that are contained
in curly braces: e.g., {min=yes}. All other text is treated as
commentary and is not used by the program.
Most items will not need to be changed until you are more familiar
with {COMMO}. For now, check the following:
The Default Dialing Parameters in the first item. Make sure you
have the correct port number (the third field). If your modem is
-13-
on COM2, change it to "2", COM3 to "3", etc. Using COM2 it would
look like this: {38400,8n1,2,A,0}.
The Modem Initialization String. If you know the commands for
your own modem, make the necessary adjustments. If you don't,
then leave it like it is. Refer to Appendix A for more
information.
Check the items under "Paths and Files" (page down to see these).
Make sure that the directories are valid. Set them to your
{COMMO} directory if you have no other preference.
Press [Esc] to save the file and continue the tour.
3) The next stop is the Dialing Directory. To alter an entry or to add
new ones, just press "E" to enter edit mode. This is the same
Internal Editor you used to modify the Setup File. When you are
finished making changes, press Esc to bring back the Selector Bar.
Then press Esc again to continue.
4) Next you will see a sample menu created by a {COMMO} macro. Press
Enter to continue and return to the Terminal Screen. Then exit
{COMMO} with the Alt-X command.
5) From the DOS prompt type "commo
Setup File items will now be in effect.
6) When you see the Status Line at the bottom of the screen, you are in
the Terminal Screen. Now you may press Alt-D to enter the Dialing
Directory. Use the up and down arrow keys to select a system to call
and press Enter. {COMMO} will begin dialing.
7) When a connection is made with a remote system, {COMMO} will return to
the Terminal Screen where you may interact with the remote.
NOTE: If your modem does not seem to operate properly (no connection
is made or the data is garbled), read Appendix A "Setting Up Your
Modem." You may need to change the Modem Initialization String in the
Setup File. If you change it, you will need to exit {COMMO} and
restart the program. Then try dialing again.
-----===== Preparing Your System
The following sections give startup instructions in greater detail.
Make sure that all of the files from the {COMMO} package are in one
directory or on one diskette. Four of these files are required to run the
{COMMO} program:
-14-
COMMO.EXE, the Program File
COMMO.SET, the Setup File
COMMO.FON, the Dialing Directory File
COMMO.MAC, the Macro File
In addition, if Online Help is used (recommended):
COMMO.HLP, the Online Help File
There are two ways to make sure that {COMMO} will be able to find all of
its files. The first method is the simplest and should be used if you are
not too familiar with DOS commands:
1) Make sure you are logged into the directory or disk drive where the
files are located. Then simply type "commo" at the DOS prompt. If
your files are in the directory "C:\COMMO" you would type:
c:
cd \commo
commo
(
Or if the files are on a diskette in drive A you would type:
a:
commo
{COMMO} will remember where the files are, so you will be able to
change directory or drive later without concern.
2) The second method is a little more advanced, but allows you to run
{COMMO} no matter which directory or drive you are currently logged
into. Use the SET command in DOS to store the {COMMO} path into the
"environment." If you place this command in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file
you won't have to change directories or diskettes to run {COMMO}. If
your files are in the directory "C:\COMMO" the command would be:
set commo=c:\commo
If the files are on the diskette in drive B the command would be:
set commo=b:
Do not use any extra spaces in the SET command. And remember to place
the {COMMO} directory or drive in your PATH command.
IMPORTANT! Be sure to check your "set commo=" command if you install
{COMMO} into a different directory or onto another drive (or if you
install a later release of the program). If it points to the wrong
directory, {COMMO} will not operate properly.
-15-
-----===== Command Line Options
---------- Dialing Strings
Dialing Strings are used to indicate numbers to dial at program startup.
If present, they must be placed before any command line switches. {COMMO}
will search the Dialing Directory for each string and mark the first entry
where a match is found (case is ignored).
The strings may consist of any part of a Dialing Directory entry line
(usually part of the system name) and may be separated by commas or spaces.
The following characters may not appear in a command line Dialing String:
space, comma, slash (/), curly braces.
After entries in the Dialing Directory are marked, {COMMO} will check for a
startup macro (specified on the command line or in the Setup File). If a
startup macro is present, it will be started. Otherwise Multi Number
Dialing of the marked systems will begin.
Examples:
commo telegodzilla joes-bbs 4567
commo zilla,joes,4567
IMPORTANT! The Modem Initialization String will normally be sent before
dialing begins. Your modem should be turned on and ready to receive the
command string before you start {COMMO}.
---------- Switches
Case is ignored and the switches may be in any order (Dialing Strings must
precede all switches, however).
NOTE: Environment variables may also be used to communicate data to
{COMMO} at program startup. See the description of the SETVariable
function in Part II (MACRO.DOC).
/:label Startup Macro.
This switch can be used to override the "mac=" item in the Setup File.
The "label" is a one to eight character macro label. If the label is
found in the Macro File, macro execution will be started. If the
label is not found the switch will be ignored.
/sfilename Alternate Setup File (default is COMMO.SET).
/dfilename Alternate Dialing Directory (default is COMMO.FON).
/mfilename Alternate Macro File (default is COMMO.MAC).
/hfilename Alternate Online Help File (default is COMMO.HLP).
-16-
Only the filename should be specified. The {COMMO} home directory
will be assumed for the path.
If an alternate Macro File is specified, it will become the resident
Macro File (its name will be the value of the built-in variable
"_mac").
/knn Scrollback Buffer size.
This switch will override the "sbs=" item in the Setup File. "nn" is
kilobytes and may be 0 to 64.
/vnnnnn Size of String Variable Space.
The size of String Variable Space can be adjusted from 512 bytes to
65535 bytes. The default is 3072 bytes.
/iy or /in Modem Initialization override.
Forces the Modem Initialization String to be sent ("/iy") or not sent
("/in"). This will override the "min=" item in the Setup File.
/{parms} Default Dialing Parameters
Any or all parameters may be specified. Included parameters will
override those in the "ddp=" item in the Setup File.
/b Enable Speech Friendly Interface
This switch is used to force SFI to ON for the current session only.
Users with speech synthesizers should set {sfi=yes} in COMMO.SET for
permanent SFI (the switch will no longer be needed).
Command line example:
commo joes zilla /:mailrun /dother.dir /k25 /v2000 /in
* Two systems will be marked in the Dialing Directory.
* The macro "mailrun" will be started if it exists in the Macro
File.
* The alternate Dialing Directory "other.dir" will be loaded.
* The Scrollback Buffer will be set to 25k in size.
* The size of String Variable Space is set to 2000 bytes.
* The Modem Initialization String will not be sent.
-17-
-----===== Initialization Procedure
When {COMMO} begins running it will read and process the Setup File,
COMMO.SET. Then it will attempt to load into memory:
1) COMMO.MAC, the resident Macro File
2) COMMO.FON, the Dialing Directory
Any problems encountered will be reported. These problems must be
corrected before restarting the program.
Automatic modem initialization will occur if requested in the Setup File
with {min=yes}, or by the "/iy" command line switch. Use the "/in" switch
to suppress modem initialization if you are already on line.
{COMMO} will adapt to any video text mode that is set when the program is
started. Check the items under "Video and Chat Mode" in the Setup File if
you need to change the video mode. These items are described in more
detail in the section "[Alt-G] Edit Setup File" later in this document.
If the display does not look right try executing the DOS command "mode
co80" or "mode bw80" prior to calling {COMMO}.
-----===== Terminal Screen
The Terminal Screen allows you to see the characters coming in from the
serial port. Any characters that you type will be sent out to the serial
port. If you are connected to another system you will be interacting with
that system.
Keep in mind that you will also be interacting with {COMMO} and with your
own computer via key commands (Alt keys, for example). These key commands
have no effect on the remote system unless they cause characters to be sent
to the serial port (pressing Alt-W to send your password, for example).
-18-
========== {COMMO} Key Commands
The Alt Keys shown in this section are the built-in default key assignments
for the various {COMMO} commands. Once you are familiar with these
commands you may use macros to reassign any of the keys.
Keys used within the various command windows are properly detailed in
Online Help. Please press F1 from any command window to invoke {COMMO}'s
context-related help system.
Note that certain program features are available only in macros. Refer to
Part II (MACRO.DOC) for details.
-----===== [Alt-A] ASCII Upload
This command is used to send ASCII text files, such as prepared messages,
to the remote system. Use it in situations where the remote is expecting
typed input or when you want to display text at the remote. File to file
transfers should be performed with error checking protocols (e.g., Zmodem,
see "Uploading / Downloading").
In the ASCII Upload window you will be prompted to enter a path\filename,
then a pacing character. To select a file using the picklist, press PgUp
instead of Alt-A, then "I" (the current pacing character will be used).
Several parameters are used to control an ASCII Upload:
---------- Line Pacing ("pac=" in COMMO.SET)
IMPORTANT! Line Pacing is normally used when the remote is sending a
prompt for each line of typed input, such as "nn:" or "nn?", where "nn" is
a line number and ":" or "?" is the prompt or "pacing character."
{COMMO} will send each line when the pacing character is received (or after
waiting 5 seconds). If there is a 5 second delay between the sending of
each line, then either you have the wrong pacing character or you don't
need line pacing (e.g., you don't need it when using a full-screen editor).
At any time, the Spacebar may be pressed to force transmission of the next
line. This is useful when you've chosen the wrong pacing character or if
you want to send each line manually. In the latter case, use any invalid
pacing character.
TIPS on using line pacing:
* The initial pacing character is configurable. See "[Alt-G] Edit
Setup File."
* The pacing character may be any character including control
characters, e.g. "^m" or "|" for carriage return. See Appendix D for
details on how to represent special characters.
-19-
* The receive Translate Table can affect the pacing character if receive
translation is ON.
---------- Character Pacing
You may insert a delay between each character using the Inter-Character
Delay feature. This should be used only when the remote system is so slow
that it drops characters. See "Set Terminal Parameters" for details.
---------- Stripping Linefeeds ("slf=" in COMMO.SET)
Strip linefeeds from your outgoing text in situations where you would
normally be typing the information (e.g., into a message editor). If all
of your data displays on the same line at the remote, then you need to send
the linefeeds.
---------- Expanding Blank Lines ("ebl=" in COMMO.SET)
You may configure {COMMO} to send a space character whenever a blank line
is encountered in the text file you are sending. This will prevent your
message from terminating prematurely (message editors often end the message
on an empty line). Blank line expansion is not normally required when
sending to a "full screen" BBS editor.
-----===== [Alt-B] Send Break Signal
A one second Break Signal will be sent. This signal is used by some online
systems to interrupt certain operations. Use it only when the remote
system directs you to do so.
NOTE: The duration of the Break Signal may be varied using the BREAk macro
function. See Part II (MACRO.DOC) for details.
-----===== [Alt-C] Clear Screen
The Terminal Screen will be cleared and the current colors will be set to
the Setup File defaults.
-----===== [Alt-D] Dialing Directory
The Dialing Directory is your database of telephone numbers. From the
directory window you can select numbers to dial. You can also update the
directory using the Internal Editor, dial a number manually or load a new
directory.
-20-
Refer to Online Help for a complete description of the commands available
in the Dialing Directory window.
NOTE: Directory entries may be added easily without editing by using the
"D" selection on the Utility Menu (press Alt-U from the Terminal Screen).
---------- Dialing Directory Entry Example
File City BBS {555-1234} {pword} {fcbbs} {} 07/24/93
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
where:
1. The System Name
2. Telephone number
3. Password for this system
4. Linked Macro
5. Terminal Parameters
6. Date Last Called
TIPS on creating Dialing Directory entries:
* Any number of string variable items may be added following the
Terminal Parameters item (see below).
* Do not use extra spaces within the curly braces (except in the phone
number field).
* Items in curly braces are positional and must be present if any
subsequent items are present on the same line. Items which are not
used may have a null string {} as a placeholder (null strings at the
end of the line may be omitted).
* Directory entries are limited to one per line. Lines may be up to 255
characters in length. {COMMO}'s Internal Editor will scroll
horizontally to follow the cursor.
* Comments may be placed anywhere outside the curly braces or on
separate lines.
---------- 1. System Name: File City BBS
Up to 40 characters in length, it must NOT be enclosed in curly
braces. The System Name will be displayed on the Status Line after
connection (if the Signal Lights option is not selected). It will
also be part of a Usage Log entry if the log is enabled.
-21-
---------- 2. Telephone Number: {1-707-555-1234}
The Dialing Prefix, Telephone Number and Dialing Suffix are strung
together to form a dialing command (may be up to 128 characters
total). Spaces and hyphens are ignored by most modems (your modem
manual has more detailed information on dialing commands).
Normally the default Dialing Prefix (usually "ATDT") and the default
Dialing Suffix (usually "|") will be used. These are specified in the
Setup File. You may also have any number of alternate prefixes and
suffixes by defining them with SET items in the Setup File.
For example, you might need to turn off modem error-correction when
calling a non-error-correcting modem. The commands to control this
vary from modem to modem, but let's assume that the command is "\N0"
to turn it off and "\N3" to turn it on. Then the Dialing Prefix you
would use for the entries where you want it off should be "AT \N0 DT"
(spaces optional). To define this prefix, you could have this item in
your Setup File:
{set no_ec,AT \N0 DT} Prefix to turn off EC
The directory entry to use it would be as follows:
File City {%no_ec%555-1234} {pword} {city} {}
The default prefix would contain the command to turn error-correction
back on:
{set _dialpf,AT \N3 DT} Default Dialing Prefix
The prefix "no_ec" will override the default prefix if it is at the
very beginning of the telephone number field (immediately following
the left curly brace). Similarly, an override suffix may be specified
if it is at the very end of the field (immediately preceding the right
curly brace).
Notice that these are variable names and must be bracketed between "%"
characters. Variables may be placed anywhere else within the number
field as well, but they will not override the default prefix or suffix
unless they are at the very beginning or very end, respectively
(insert a space between the variable and the curly brace if you want
the default AND the variable).
You may use variables defined with SET items in the Setup File or
variables set within macros.
IMPORTANT! The tilde (~) will not work as a delay in the dialing
command. This is because the modem does not start dialing until it
receives a carriage return (the Default Suffix). Therefore you must
use the modem's own delay character, which is usually a comma (,).
For example, use the following prefix to disable Call Waiting (with
most tone systems):
-22-
{set _dialpf,ATDT *70,} Default Dialing Prefix
This will cause the modem to dial "*70" and then delay two seconds
before sending the telephone number.
NOTE: If you dial an entry in the directory and the telephone number
field is NULL (no characters between the left and right curly braces),
then {COMMO} will act exactly as if a connection had been made --
WITHOUT actually dialing. The password and any variables will be
defined and the Linked Macro will be started. This is useful when you
want to "call" a host that is on a "direct connection."
---------- 3. System Password: {pword}
A different Password String may be defined for each system that you
call. Passwords may be up to 64 characters in length.
The Password String may be sent by pressing Alt-W or by using the
variable "_pas" in a SEND macro function.
Passwords are invisible in the Dialing Directory window, but appear
when you enter [E]dit mode.
Rules for writing passwords are in Appendix D.
---------- 4. Linked Macro: {fcbbs}
The general form for this item is:
{label,filename}
label
A macro label where execution is to start (optional).
The label may be located in the resident Macro File or
in the current auxiliary file.
filename
The filename of a Macro File (optional). If the file
is not already in memory (resident or auxiliary), it
will be loaded as the auxiliary prior to searching for
the label.
Examples:
{fcbbs}
Start at the label "fcbbs".
{mailrun,fcbbs.mac}
Start at the label "mailrun" after loading the auxiliary
Macro File "fcbbs.mac".
-23-
{,fcbbs.mac}
Load the auxiliary Macro File "fcbbs.mac" and enter manual
mode (no label given).
If a valid label is specified, the Linked Macro will be started when a
connection is established with the remote system. If no macro is
specified (or the macro label is not found), {COMMO} will enter the
Terminal Screen in manual mode.
Additional options are available when using the DIAL macro function.
See Part II (MACRO.DOC) for details.
---------- 5. Terminal Parameters: {}
This item allows you to override any or all of the Default Dialing
Parameters for the current call.
The Default Dialing Parameters are initialized with the "ddp=" item in
the Setup File and may be changed during a session with the Alt-P key
command (press F2) or with the DPARms macro function.
Prior to dialing each number, {COMMO} will set all current Terminal
Parameters to the Dialing Defaults. Then it will set any overrides
specified in this item.
The general form for this item is:
{speed,format,comport,terminal-type,delay}
For example, you might have:
{,7,,V}
which would set the Data Format to "7e1" and the Terminal-type to
VT102, but would use the Dialing Defaults for the other parameters.
See "Set Terminal Parameters" for a complete description of each
field.
---------- 6. Last Called: 07/24/93
If this item is present, {COMMO} will replace it with the current date
whenever a connection is made with the system. It may appear anywhere
on the entry line (do not enclose it in curly braces). Place
"00/00/00" to start it.
-24-
---------- Variable Items: {name,string}
Any number of Variable Items may be included in a directory entry and
will be set just prior to dialing. The "string" may not contain any
variables. The first Variable Item must follow the Terminal
Parameters item (all other items must be present as placeholders even
if some are null). Example (must be on a single line):
Joes-BBS 07/24/93 {555-1234} {pword} {mac} {}
{bbsid,joesbbs} ...
See also "[Alt-N] Multi Number Dialing."
-----===== [Alt-G] Edit Setup File
Pressing Alt-G allows you to edit the Setup File, COMMO.SET (see "Internal
Editor" in Online Help for details on editing). The Setup File contains
initial settings for many parameters used by {COMMO}.
Items changed with the editor are not effective until the next time you
start the program. However, most items may be temporarily changed with key
commands and/or macro functions while the program is running.
Each item in the Setup File is enclosed in curly braces. Items are
designated with three letter "keywords" and may be present in any order.
There are no "required" items. Most missing items will take on the default
values shown in the examples below (AUT items and SET items have no default
values).
All text outside the curly braces is commentary and is ignored by {COMMO}.
Avoid using curly braces other than to bracket setup items.
---------- Predefining Variables with SET
SET items predefine variables in {COMMO}'s String Variable Space. The
general form of a SET item is:
{set name,string}
name
Any valid variable name.
string
A text string to assign to the name. The string may not
contain any variables.
Any number of SET items may appear in the Setup File. They may be used
later in macros, in telephone numbers, etc.
See Part II (MACRO.DOC) for more information on variables.
-25-
---------- Explanation of Setup File Items
_________________________________________________
{ddp=38400,8n1,1,A,0}
Default Dialing Parameters, set when you dial
(speed,format,comport,terminal,delay). These
are also the current settings when you start
the program.
_________________________________________________
The values in this item will be used as the current settings when
{COMMO} is started and each time dialing begins. Use the "Terminal
Parameters" item in the Dialing Directory to set overrides when
required. Use Alt-P or the macro function DPARms to change dialing
parameters at other times.
See "Set Terminal Parameters" for a complete description of each field
and how to change current parameters as well.
NOTE: PCjr users without the internal modem should specify Com2.
_____________________________________
{com=1,3f8,4} Com1 port address/IRQ
{com=2,2f8,3} Com2 port address/IRQ
{com=3,3e8,4} Com3 port address/IRQ
{com=4,2e8,3} Com4 port address/IRQ
_____________________________________
These are the hardware serial port base address and IRQ assignments.
The settings shown are the most common, but some serial adapters are
different. The serial adapter manual may give a range of addresses,
for example "3f8-3ff." Use the first value as the base address.
Port addresses are in hexadecimal and may range from 0 to ffff. IRQ
numbers are decimal and may range from 0 to 15 (avoid use of IRQ
numbers that are used by system hardware, e.g., 0, 1, 8).
IRQ numbers from 8 to 15 are available only on AT class machines (286
or better). If your serial port hardware is configured for IRQ 2, you
may get better results on newer AT machines if you specify IRQ 9 in
{COMMO}.
The current serial port base address and IRQ number are available to
macros in the built-in variables "_pad" and "_irq" respectively.
NOTE: If you need to define more than four ports, you can also use
"com=5" through "com=8". These latter four ports all default to
3f8,4.
-26-
______________________________________________________
{set _modini,~~AT S0=0 S7=180 E0 Q0 V1 X4 &C1 &D2 |~~}
Modem Init String (2400 bps and higher)
______________________________________________________
This item defines the reserved variable "_modini" (notice that the
string itself begins following the comma).
The Modem Initialization String is normally sent to your modem when
{COMMO} is started or when you press Alt-O.
If you are using a 1200 bps modem you should remove the "&C1 &D2"
commands. In either case the "X" command may have to be adjusted.
See Appendix A "Setting Up Your Modem" for more information.
___________________________________________
{min=yes} Send Modem Init String (yes/no)
___________________________________________
If "yes" this will instruct {COMMO} to send the Modem Initialization
String at program startup. You can override this item with the "/iy"
or "/in" command line switch.
_________________________________________________
{hfc=auto}
Hardware (RTS/CTS) Flow Control (auto/yes/no)
{sfc=no}
Software (XON/XOFF) Flow Control (yes/no)
_________________________________________________
These are used to control the flow of data between your computer and
the remote system. They prevent loss of data when one end can send
faster than the other end can process the information.
The "auto" setting for Hardware Flow Control should be used in most
cases. {COMMO} will enable/disable Hardware Flow Control based on the
state of the CTS (Clear To Send) signal. The other settings should
not be used unless you have an unusual hardware configuration.
Software Flow Control may be set to "yes" when {COMMO} is used with
slower, non-buffered modems (e.g., 1200 or 2400 bps) or when required
on some packet switching networks. Note that this setting also
affects Zmodem file transfers.
IMPORTANT! Do not confuse this setting with XON/XOFF in your
modem, which should be turned off for use with {COMMO}.
See Appendix C for more information on flow control.
-27-
_____________________________________________________
{sld=no} Stop serial input during disk I/O (yes/no)
_____________________________________________________
This should be set to "yes" if your system drops characters when a
disk (hard or floppy) is accessed. The symptoms are: missing
characters in the Terminal Screen when capture is on, or excessive
CRC/csum errors during internal protocol file transfers.
This is equivalent to what some programs call "handshake slow." In
{COMMO} it works in conjunction with Hardware Flow Control (RTS/CTS),
so both {COMMO} and your modem must have Hardware Flow Control
engaged.
If you use an external protocol program be sure to set the "handshake
slow" parameter in that program as well.
See also the "esp" item below.
___________________________________________
{esp=no} Enhance serial priority (yes/no)
___________________________________________
Try setting this item to "yes" if your system drops characters when
TSR programs are installed (some of the symptoms are listed under the
"sld" item). "esp" and "sld" may be tried in any combination.
NOTE: This feature is automatically disabled when {COMMO} detects
DESQview, OS/2 or Windows (In DESQview set "Optimize Communications"
to "yes" for the same result).
See also the "sld" item above.
____________________________________________
{dex=no} Drop DTR and RTS on exit (yes/no)
____________________________________________
Leave this "no" if you want to exit {COMMO} and return while still
connected to a host. "Yes" will normally cause the modem to hang up
when exiting the program.
_______________________________________
{enq=no} Answer ENQ with ACK (yes/no)
_______________________________________
Some hosts send an ENQ control character (^E) periodically and require
that the terminal "answer back" with an ACK (^F). Set this item to
"yes" only if your host requires this.
-28-
___________________________________________________
{ncr=nocar} Macro to execute when carrier is lost
___________________________________________________
{COMMO} will execute the macro specified here when the Carrier Detect
signal is lost. This signal normally comes on when your modem
connects with a host system, and goes off when the call is terminated.
If a command window is on screen, the macro will activate when the
window is exited. If a macro is running when carrier is lost, the
macro will be STOPped and the macro at the label will be started.
{COMMO} will search for the label first in the auxiliary Macro File,
then in the resident file. If the label is not found, {COMMO} will
continue as usual.
TIPS on using the carrier lost macro:
* IMPORTANT! This feature is not enabled until a connection is
made using {COMMO}'s Auto Dialer (or by using the "E" switch on
the NOCArrier macro function).
* The macro label can be changed or cancelled using the NOCArrier
macro function. See Part II (MACRO.DOC) for details.
* Be sure that you have your modem configured to provide the
carrier detect signal. See Appendix A for modem information.
___________________________________________________________
{set zr_mode,r} Zmodem like-named file mode (s/r/n/o)
s=skip, r=resume, n=rename, o=overwrite
___________________________________________________________
This variable tells {COMMO} what to do when a file being received with
Zmodem already exists in your download directory. See "[PgUp]/[PgDn]
Uploading/Downloading" for details.
NOTE: This variable can be changed at any time by pressing "M" in the
Download Protocol Menu.
_______________________________________________
{aut=pzbr,^xB00} Auto Receive, Zmodem DL
{aut=phbr,HS*^bR} Auto Receive, HS/Link DL
_______________________________________________
The general form for this item is: {aut=label,string}. When the
specified string (up to 32 characters, case ignored) is received, the
macro will be started.
-29-
These are normally used for automatically starting downloads, but may
be used to trigger any macro upon receiving any string.
Up to 16 Auto Receive Strings may be specified. Operates in Terminal
Mode only (use SSLOok/CALOok/GOLOok/LOOKfor in macros).
See also "{COMMO} Auto Receive" and the AUTO macro function.
_______________________________________________
{rtr=} Receive Translate Table initialization
{str=} Send Translate Table initialization
_______________________________________________
These items are used to place values into the character translation
tables at program startup and, if desired, to turn translation ON.
Multiple receive or send items may be present.
Character translation is used when you wish certain characters to be
changed into other characters as they are received from, or as they
are sent to, the remote system. You may also cause received
characters to be ignored.
Examples:
{rtr=y,7,0,36,156}
Turn ON receive translation ("y").
Change the bell character (ASCII 7) to null (ASCII 0, which
will not display).
Change the "$" (ASCII 36) to ASCII 156.
{str=#26,97,65,42,43,#10,48,128}
Change 26 consecutive values starting at 97 to consecutive
values starting at 65. This will change all lowercase
letters (ASCII 97 to 122) to uppercase letters (ASCII 65 to
90).
Change the "*" (ASCII 42) to a "+" (ASCII 43).
Change 10 consecutive values starting at 48 to consecutive
values starting at 128. This will change the digits 0
through 9 (ASCII 48 to 57) to ASCII 128 to 137.
The ON/OFF state of send translation will not be changed (no
"y" or "n" is present).
A "y", to turn translation ON, must be the first argument, if present.
It may be used on any "rtr" or "str" item and will apply to all 256
-30-
values in either the receive table or the send table. Note that
translation defaults to OFF when {COMMO} is started.
Use a PAIR of arguments to change a single value.
Use THREE arguments to change a range of consecutive values to another
range of consecutive values. The "#" operator on the first argument
specifies the number of values to change, followed by the starting
values for each range.
Changing any character to ASCII 0 (null) will cause the character to
be ignored in most situations. For example, it will not display, will
not appear in a Capture File (unless RAW mode is used) and will be
ignored by macro functions such as LOOKfor and GETString.
The macro functions RTRAn and STRAn have similar argument lists. In
addition they allow you to restore each Translate Table to default
values and to turn translation ON and OFF without disturbing the
values in the tables. See Part II (MACRO.DOC) for more details.
_____________________________________________________
{cdm=yes} Clear dialing marks when loading (yes/no)
_____________________________________________________
If this is "yes", {COMMO} will clear all dialing marks when loading a
Dialing Directory file. This applies at program startup and whenever
a file is loaded during a session. Note that the marks are saved with
a file when it is written to disk.
Set this item to "no" if you want to retain the dialing marks.
____________________________________________
{set _dialpf,ATDT } Default Dialing Prefix
{set _dialsf, |} Default Dialing Suffix
____________________________________________
These reserved variables define strings that will be used to create
the modem dialing command. The prefix, telephone number and suffix
will be strung together in that order and sent to your modem when you
dial.
Any number of additional prefixes and suffixes may be used by
including variables in the telephone number string (see "[Alt-D]
Dialing Directory" for details).
Use "ATDP" if you don't have a tone line. Use "ATDT9," to get an
outside line on a switchboard. The suffix is usually just a carriage
return (|). Your modem manual has additional tips on dialing prefixes
and suffixes.
-31-
___________________________________________
{dct=45} Dialing cycle time-out (seconds)
___________________________________________
The maximum time to wait before hanging up and redialing. Adjust if
your modem needs more time to complete a call.
__________________________________________________
{idt=4} Delay between dialing attempts (seconds)
__________________________________________________
Amount of time to wait between dialing attempts. Adjust to give
incoming calls a greater chance of getting through.
______________________________________________
{dcn=c} Method to cancel dialing (c/d/s,...)
______________________________________________
This item defines the method that {COMMO} will use to cancel a dialing
attempt in progress. Dialing is cancelled when you press Esc or when
{COMMO} times out. Options are:
c Send a carriage return
d Drop DTR
s Send a user-defined string
The "s" option lets you define your own string. The string can be up
to 8 characters in length, including any carets or tildes (see
Appendix D). Here's an example that sends a Ctrl-X, followed by a
half-second delay and a carriage return:
{dcn=s,^x~|} Fictitious example
_________________________________________
{set _dialsr,CARRIER ,CONNECT}
Dialing success response(s)
{set _dialfr,BUSY,NO CARRIER,NO DIALTONE}
Dialing failure response(s)
{set _dialir,RING}
Inter-dial response(s)
_________________________________________
These reserved variables each define a list of response strings that
are returned by your modem during dialing operations. Most "Hayes
compatible" modems use similar responses, but there may be subtle
differences. Consult your modem manual for details.
"Success" responses are received when the modem has connected with a
remote modem. "Failure" responses occur when the number being called
-32-
is busy, doesn't answer or when something is wrong with the telephone
line. {COMMO} will automatically redial the number after a failed
attempt.
Inter-dial Delay responses may occur during the delay between dialing
attempts, usually when someone is trying to call you. These may be
handled by using the Inter-dial Delay macro label in the DIAL macro
function. See Part II (MACRO.DOC) for details.
Some modems use a CARRIER response to indicate the modem speed, e.g.
CARRIER 14400. In this case using CARRIER instead of CONNECT will
improve the accuracy of the Usage Log. In order to avoid confusion
with a NO CARRIER response, you should use:
{set _dialsr,CARRIER } [Notice the space after "CARRIER"]
Responses are case sensitive and there should be no null strings or
extra spaces.
_________________________________________________________
{set protodir,c:\commo} Path to find external protocols
_________________________________________________________
This is the path where you keep your external protocol programs. Copy
the executable programs, HSLINK.EXE and OZBEXT.EXE, into this
directory and {COMMO} will know where to find them. Do not use a "\"
at the end of the path.
______________________________________________
{set uldir,c:\commo} Path to find uploads
{set dldir,c:\commo} Path to place downloads
______________________________________________
These variables are used in some of the macros in COMMO.MAC and
SAMPLES.MAC, primarily in the Uploading and Downloading macros. They
are not reserved variables, so you may change their names if you
change the macros. Do not use a "\" at the end of the paths.
________________________________
{set _uselog,c:\commo\commo.log}
Path\filename for Usage Log
________________________________
This is a reserved variable that tells {COMMO} where to find your
Usage Log. The Usage Log keeps a record of the calls you make. If a
valid path\filename is specified, entries will be made when:
1) You connect to a system.
2) You transfer a file using an internal protocol.
3) You disconnect (or exit {COMMO}).
-33-
4) The macro function OFFLog executes.
IMPORTANT! In order for the log to function properly your modem must
be set to provide "true carrier detect" (see Appendix A). The macro
function OFFLog is provided for situations where this is not possible.
Use a null path\filename or remove this item to disable the Usage Log.
A null path\filename would look like this:
{set _uselog}
The Usage Log should be disabled when you are connecting directly to
another computer (with a null modem cable).
If you specify the same log file as used by an external protocol
program, you will have a complete record of your calls, including
upload/download statistics.
If a filename only (no path) is specified, the current directory will
be used. The path\filename of an open Capture File is not allowed.
See also Appendix F "Usage Log Format."
__________________________________
{cap=c:\commo\commo.cap}
Path\filename for Capture File
__________________________________
This is the initial setting for the Capture File path\filename. It
may be changed later with the Alt-1 key command or with the CAPTure
macro function (do not try to change the "_cap" built-in variable with
SETV).
If a filename only (no path) is specified, the current directory will
be used.
See also "[Alt-1] Capture File Options."
_______________________________________
{scr=c:\commo\commo.scr}
Path\filename for Screen Image File
_______________________________________
This is the initial setting for the Screen Image File path\filename.
It may be changed later with the Alt-I key command, with the SCREen
macro function, or from within the Scrollback Buffer window (do not
try to change the "_scr" built-in variable with SETV).
If a filename only (no path) is specified, the current directory will
be used. The path\filename of an open Capture File is not allowed.
-34-
See also "[Alt-I] Screen Image Save" and "[Alt-K] Scrollback"
_______________________________________
{swp=c:\commo\swap$$$.1}
Path\filename for Swap to Disk File
________________________________________
You can free up most of the memory occupied by {COMMO} when you use
the Shell to DOS key command or the EXECute macro function. The file
specified in this item will be used to save the program and data
during a Swap to Disk.
IMPORTANT! You must also specify the "S" switch on any EXECute or
SHELl macro functions where swapping is desired.
A unique filename not likely to be used by other applications should
be specified. If the file already exists, {COMMO} will attempt to
modify the name by changing the last character to an "A", then to a
"B", etc.
Before using this feature, read "[Alt-S] Shell to DOS" and see also
the EXECute and SHELl macro functions in Part II (MACRO.DOC).
_______________________________________________
{set _exted} Command line for external editor
_______________________________________________
An external editor may be defined to edit the Dialing Directory and
Macro Files directly from their respective windows. See Appendix K
for details.
_____________________________________________
{ebl=yes} Expand blank lines (yes/no)
{slf=yes} Strip outgoing linefeeds (yes/no)
{pac=} ASCII Upload pacing character
_____________________________________________
These items are used with the ASCII Upload feature.
Blank line expansion sends a space and a carriage return, instead of
just a carriage return for lines with no data. This prevents BBS line
editors from terminating prematurely.
Stripping linefeeds gives the data the appearance of being entered
manually. Linefeeds should not be stripped when the remote is not in
"edit" mode.
The pacing character shown is null (no pacing). To use a ":" for
pacing, change the item to
-35-
{pac=:}
See "[Alt-A] ASCII Upload" for more details.
____________________________
{mac=} Startup macro label
____________________________
This item indicates a macro (in the resident Macro File) to run when
{COMMO} starts up. The command line switch "/:" can be used to
override it. See "Command Line Options."
Example: {mac=begin}
__________________________________________________
{esf=8} Edit space for files in kilobytes (0-64)
__________________________________________________
This is the amount of expansion memory {COMMO} will allocate for each
file that can be edited with the Internal Editor. When the expansion
space is used up, the file may be reloaded to obtain more. See
Appendix K for details on {COMMO} support files.
___________________________________________
{edd=no} Enter Dialing Directory (yes/no)
___________________________________________
If this is set to "yes" the Dialing Directory will be entered when
{COMMO} is started (if no Dialing Strings or Startup Macro are present
on the command line).
_________________________________
{loc=no} Local Echo on (yes/no)
_________________________________
If this is set to "yes" Local Echo will be on when {COMMO} is started.
See also "[Alt-T] Set Toggles."
____________________________________
{sig=no} Signal Lights on (yes/no)
____________________________________
If this is set to "yes" Signal Lights will be on when {COMMO} is
started.
-36-
_____________________________________
{cpf=no} Capture File open (yes/no)
_____________________________________
If this is set to "yes" Capture will be open when {COMMO} is started.
See "[Alt-1] Capture File Options."
_______________________________________________
{cpm=screen} Capture Mode (screen/filter/raw)
_______________________________________________
See "[Alt-1] Capture File Options" for a description of each mode.
_______________________________________________
{tek=yes} Test for enhanced keyboard (yes/no)
_______________________________________________
Set this to "no" only if your system (BIOS) does not support the
enhanced (101 key) keyboard. Normally this applies only to older, XT
class machines.
__________________________________________________
{dmk=8300}
Scan code for Doorway Mode key (see COMMO.DOC)
__________________________________________________
This item defines the key used to enter and exit Doorway Mode. The
default key is Alt-=. The scan code (such as "8300") is obtained by
pressing Alt-K in {COMMO}'s Internal Editor, then pressing the key you
wish to use.
Note that a corresponding macro must exist in the Macro File. The
macro (provided in COMMO.MAC) to use with Alt-= is:
{:al=} {doorway} {}
If you change the key definition in COMMO.SET, be sure to change the
key-label in COMMO.MAC.
_____________________________________
{mky=} User-defined macro key-label
_____________________________________
(Note that this feature is unavailable during shareware evaluation.)
This item allows you to assign a macro key-label to almost any key or
key combination on your keyboard. Up to 32 "mky" items may be used
(any more will be ignored). Here are some examples:
-37-
{mky=cta,1e01} Ctrl-A
{mky=bsh,2b5c} Backslash
Any valid, three character label may be used as a user-defined key-
label (such as "cta" in the example). The scan code (such as "1e01")
is obtained by pressing Alt-K in {COMMO}'s Internal Editor, then
pressing the key you wish to use.
For additional information and certain restrictions, see Appendix H
"{COMMO} Macro Key-labels."
________________________________________________
{set sel_up,no}
Go directly to picklist for uploads (yes/no)
________________________________________________
Set this item to "yes" and {COMMO} will skip the input prompt for a
filename. Instead you will see the file picklist immediately. Note
that you can also type in filenames from the picklist window -- handy
if you need to type in multiple filenames for batch uploading.
_________________________________________________________
{tsn=yes} Display time of day with System Name (yes/no)
_________________________________________________________
If this is "yes" the time of day will be displayed on the right side
of the Status Line. Set this to "no" if you want the System Name to
have more space. Note that the time is always shown when the Signal
Lights are displayed.
___________________________________________________
{dat=mdy}
Order of date parameters (m=month,d=day,y=year)
___________________________________________________
This item allows you to specify any order for the three date
parameters. The default shown would display May 20, 1992 as 05/20/94.
"ymd" would display as 94/05/20.
This format will appear in the Date Last Called field of the Dialing
Directory, the Usage Log and the built-in variable "_dat".
___________________________________
{tim=12} Time format (12/24 hour)
___________________________________
You can specify 12 or 24 hour time format. 12 hour will add "am" or
"pm" as in "2:30 pm". 24 hour would show the same time as "14:30".
-38-
The time format appears on the Status Line, in the Usage Log and in
the built-in variable "_tim".
____________________________________
{snd=yes} Master Sound on (yes/no)
____________________________________
If this is set to "yes" sound will be on when {COMMO} is started. If
"no" all sounds will be silenced.
_____________________________________________
{dca=yes} Dialing connection alarm (yes/no)
_____________________________________________
Controls the alarm that signals a connection when Auto Dialing is
used. Note that the alarm will not be sounded when a valid Linked
Macro is specified in the Dialing Directory.
________________________________________________
{afa=yes} ASCII Upload finished alarm (yes/no)
________________________________________________
Controls the alarm that signals completion of an ASCII Upload.
___________________________________________________
{ers=yes} Make sounds on errors/warnings (yes/no)
___________________________________________________
This controls the special sounds made for certain errors and warning
messages.
_______________________________________________
{rng=3} Maximum number of alarm rings (0-999)
_______________________________________________
Sets the number of times the alarm will ring. You may press a key at
any time to stop the alarm.
_____________________________________________
{sfi=no} Speech Friendly Interface (yes/no)
_____________________________________________
If this is "yes" {COMMO} will be much friendlier to users with speech
synthesizer systems (these enable blind users to read the computer
display). Major differences are:
-39-
* Terminal Screen data, input fields and many information and error
messages will be displayed using the BIOS.
* The up and down arrow keys move the cursor instead of scrolling
the screen in windows such as Online Help, Scrollback and View
String Variable Space. This is similar to being in a text
editor, where the data is read by moving the cursor.
* In the Dialing Directory window, {COMMO} will make distinctive
sounds when entries are marked or unmarked for dialing. The [T]
and [R] keys will mark and unmark entries without moving the
Selector Bar. If the entry is already in the desired state, a
special sound will be made.
* Distinctive sounds will be made when opening or closing a Capture
File with the Alt-1 key command.
You can use the macro function SFICtrl to toggle this feature on/off
during program operation. You can also test the current state with
the "_sfi" built-in variable. See Part II (MACRO.DOC) and Appendix I
for details.
_____________________________________________________
{sbs=10} Scrollback buffer size in kilobytes (0-64)
_____________________________________________________
The actual minimum size of the buffer (which {COMMO} will compute)
depends on the number of screen lines and columns. For a 25x80 screen
it will be about 4k bytes -- it will be larger for screens with more
lines and/or columns.
Setting the size to 0 disables the Scrollback feature. See also
"[Alt-K] Scrollback."
___________________________________
{sts=yes} Status Line on (yes/no)
___________________________________
If this is set to "yes" the Status Line will be on when {COMMO} is
started.
_________________________________________________
{slt=yes} Status Line at top of screen (yes/no)
_________________________________________________
If this is "yes" the Status Line will appear at the top of the
Terminal Screen. Otherwise it will be at the bottom.
-40-
___________________________________________________
{adn=yes}
Auto-detect number of rows and columns (yes/no)
___________________________________________________
Set this item to "yes" if you want {COMMO} to automatically obtain the
current number of rows and columns from the system at program startup
(most systems provide this information). If the display is
unsatisfactory, you may have to set this to "no."
{COMMO} will support 25 to 127 rows and 80 to 255 columns. Note that
the display must be in the proper mode before starting the program
(EGA/VGA adapters usually come with utilities to set modes such as
50x80, 44x132, etc.). You may also define an alternate video mode and
switch to it after starting the program (see next item).
NOTE: The cursor may not display properly in 43 line mode. This is a
problem with some EGA adapters.
______________________________________________
{avm=} Alternate video mode (mode,rows,cols)
______________________________________________
This item allows you to define an "alternate" video mode (only text
modes are allowed). The "normal" video mode is the mode that is in
effect when {COMMO} is started and will be restored automatically when
you exit the program. If you Shell to DOS or use the EXECute macro
function, the current mode will remain in effect.
One important application for "avm" is the 132 column feature in VT102
emulation. Your host will send codes that cause {COMMO} to switch
video modes automatically. You can also switch to the alternate video
mode (and back to the normal mode) using the VIDEo macro function.
The mode field must be expressed as a hexadecimal number, while the
rows and columns are decimal numbers (minimum dimensions are 25x80).
As an example, suppose that your video adapter uses mode 23h
(hexadecimal) to support a 25x132 screen. Then you would write this
item as:
{avm=23,25,132} Alternate video mode
Set mode "3" to use the standard 50 line mode supported by VGA
adapters or the standard 43 line mode supported by EGA adapters. For
example:
{avm=3,50,80} Alternate video mode
The following macro will restore the normal mode when Shelling to DOS
and bring back the alternate mode upon return (press Alt-S to
activate):
-41-
{:als} {video-m0} {shell} {video-m1} {}
Note that some screen "modes" are not hardware modes and cannot be
toggled using this feature. Consult your video adapter manual for a
list of hardware modes supported (or contact the manufacturer).
__________________________________________________
{edi=yes} Startup editor in insert mode (yes/no)
__________________________________________________
Set this to "yes" if you want insert mode turned on the first time you
start the Internal Editor. This also applies to the input field
editor.
____________________________________________________
{ucw=18} Number of lines in upper Chat Mode window
____________________________________________________
This allows you to adjust the line "split" in Chat Mode. The minimum
number of lines in the upper or lower window is three.
____________________________________________________
{swe=no}
Send when Enter is pressed in Chat Mode (yes/no)
____________________________________________________
If "no" {COMMO} will send each character as you type it. If "yes"
{COMMO} will wait until you press Enter, then send all that you have
typed.
___________________________________________________
{bsc=no}
Use BIOS for Terminal Screen scrolling (yes/no)
{sno=no}
Snow checking on CGA adapter (yes/no)
___________________________________________________
Change these video parameters only if necessary.
* BIOS scrolling enables external scrollback programs to work, but
is slower and may cause "flicker" in certain displays.
* Snow checking will also slow the display, but will help to
eliminate the "snow" effect on CGA monitors.
-42-
___________________________________
{gdc=} Graphic display characters
___________________________________
This item allows you to specify the graphic characters used by {COMMO}
to form the various display windows and is provided for compatibility
with display adapters used in certain countries.
When using this item, twelve ASCII character codes may be listed
(omitted fields will revert to the defaults). Codes are specified as
decimal numbers from 1 to 255 (0, 10 and 13 are not allowed).
As an example, here is how the default characters would be listed:
{gdc=213,184,212,190,205,179,185,204,176,250,177,178}
where:
213 = upper left box corner
184 = upper right box corner
212 = lower left box corner
190 = lower right box corner
205 = horizontal line
179 = vertical line
185 = left side of box title
204 = right side of box title
176 = file window title fill
250 = various fills (dots)
177 = Online Help separator bar
178 = protocol progress bar
_________________________________________
{clm=auto} Color Mode (auto/color/mono)
_________________________________________
If this item is set to "auto," {COMMO} will auto detect the display
type and use the proper mode. The default modes are "color" for color
displays and "mono" for monochrome displays.
If you have a laptop with a black and white LCD display (VGA, EGA or
CGA compatible), you can use the "mono" mode to improve the contrast
(color items below will be ignored).
Setting the mode to "color" will force the use of the
colors/attributes in the items below. This is useful if you have a
monochrome display and you prefer to set your own attributes.
Press F7 while editing the Setup File (or other files) to pop up the
color chart. You may use it with color or monochrome displays. Color
settings have no effect when the Color Mode is "mono" (or "auto" with
a monochrome display).
-43-
Colors may range from 0-9,A-F. Background colors from 8-F will cause
blinking unless bright background colors are enabled in the video
hardware.
NOTE: Terminal Screen colors/attributes may still be changed if ANSI
display data is received from the host. It may be necessary to adjust
your settings at the host.
_________________________________________________
{kts=07,20} Terminal Screen, Status Line colors
_________________________________________________
For the most accurate ANSI-BBS or VT102 terminal emulation, the
Terminal Screen colors should be set to 07. In many cases, {COMMO}
uses this color when clearing portions of the screen or when a "reset
attributes" sequence is received from the host.
___________________________________________________
{kdd=70,1b,20} Dialing Directory window colors
{kmf=70,0d,30} Macro File window colors
{kaf=70,0c,30} Auxiliary Macro File window colors
{kvs=70,0a,20} Variable Space window colors
{ksb=70,2f,30} Scrollback window colors
{khf=70,03,1b} Online Help file window colors
{kfs=70,1b,30} File Selector window colors
{kes=70,30,20} Edit Setup File window colors
{kee=70,20,1b} Edit external file window colors
___________________________________________________
These are the "file" window colors. The three parameters are the
text, titles and highlight colors, respectively. The highlight colors
are used for the Selector Bar (when applicable) and for inputs and
messages on the bottom line.
________________________________________________________
{kcf=70,1e} Capture File Options window colors
{ksi=70,5f} Screen Image file window colors
{kdw=70,30} Dialer window colors
{kau=70,4e} ASCII Upload window colors
{kpw=70,6b} Protocol window colors
{kid=70,30} Input data window colors
{kst=70,5f} Set Toggles window colors
{ktp=70,1a} Terminal Parameters window colors
{kep=70,4b} Execute Preview window colors
{kmw=4e,4e} Message window colors
{set menu_clr,70,1b} Macro Menu colors
________________________________________________________
-44-
These are the "pop-up" window colors. The two parameters are the text
and border, respectively. The "Macro Menu" colors are used by some of
the standard menus in COMMO.MAC. To set colors for individual menus,
set the "_mcolor" variable just prior to executing the MENU function.
Colors should be set so that the different parts of the screen
contrast with each other. For example the Status Line should be
easily discernable from the rest of the Terminal Screen. And the
borders and highlights should stand out against the text portion of
the file windows.
-----===== [Alt-H] Hang Up
Disconnects the call by dropping DTR. This will put the modem "on-hook" if
response to DTR is enabled (see Appendix A). If your modem does not
respond properly, you may define a macro to send a "hang-up" command. For
modems using the "AT" command set the macro would look like this:
{:alh} {send ~~~+++~~~ATH|} {} Press Alt-H to hangup
This macro will run when Alt-H is pressed, but you may assign any key you
like.
-----===== [Alt-I] Screen Image Save
The Screen Image Save is used to append all of the text currently on the
screen to a disk file. This is sometimes handier than repeatedly opening
and closing the Capture File.
TIPS on using Screen Image Save:
* Set the filename to "PRN", "LPT1" or "LPT2" to print the screen.
* If the file cannot be opened, the old path\filename is retained.
* The path\filename may not be the same as the path\filename of an open
Capture File.
NOTE: The current Screen Image Save file is also used to save blocks of
text in the Scrollback feature.
See also "[Alt-1] Capture File Options" and "[Alt-K] Scrollback."
-----===== [Alt-K] Scrollback
Scrollback allows you to see what was previously on your screen. Screen
data is saved to a memory buffer (the size is defined in the Setup File).
Set the size to 0 to disable the feature entirely.
-45-
A number of commands are available in Scrollback (keys to press are shown
in Online Help):
1) You may navigate as in the Online Help file -- scroll up/down, scroll
left/right, page up/down, beginning/end of buffer, etc.
2) Use the String Search feature available in all {COMMO} file windows.
3) Write any part of the Scrollback buffer to the current Screen Image
Save file.
4) Change the Screen Image Save path\filename.
5) Exit and return to the same place the next time you call Scrollback.
6) Jump directly to the Dialing Directory or Macro File windows.
-----===== [Alt-M] Macro File
The Macro File window displays {COMMO} Macro Files which are currently in
memory -- resident and auxiliary. Resident macros are loaded at program
startup (the default resident file is COMMO.MAC).
An auxiliary Macro File can be loaded, replaced or unloaded at any time
using the CALL, GOTO and UNLOad macro functions. An auxiliary can also be
loaded manually within the window. See Appendix K "{COMMO} Support Files"
for more details on Macro Files.
Within the Macro File window, macros from either the resident or auxiliary
Macro Files may be selected for execution or edited (using the Internal
Editor).
IMPORTANT! Only macros currently in memory can execute.
Part II (MACRO.DOC) shows you how easily you can automate program
operations, link to external file transfer protocols, assign keys and
perform a myriad of other functions.
See Online Help for details on operations within the Macro File window.
---------- Compiling Macro Files
Macro Files may be compiled to increase speed, to reduce size and to
improve security of source code. Compiling is done from within the Macro
File window (see Online Help for the keys used to load and compile Macro
Files). The default extension for {COMMO} compiled macros is .CCM, but you
may edit the filename as desired.
A compiled Macro File is used in exactly the same way as a source Macro
File. The only difference is that in-window operations, such as searching
for text or starting a macro with the Selector Bar, are not available.
-46-
This means that the {macro string} style of menus is also not available.
Use the MENU function instead.
TIPS on using compiled macros:
* The Macro Compiler version number in {COMMO} must match the version
number in the compiled Macro File. {COMMO} will issue a warning
message if they are different. To see the version number in the file,
use the DOS "type" command or your favorite file viewer or editor.
* Macro function names (LOOKfor, SEND, etc.) are checked for validity at
compile time, but all other errors are reported at run time. Be aware
that the location of the error cannot be shown without the source
macros.
-----===== [Alt-N] Multi Number Dialing
Any number of entries may be "marked" in the Dialing Directory, then
automatically dialed in sequence until a connection is established. Multi
Number Dialing may be initiated in one of four ways:
1) Bring up the Dialing Directory window with Alt-D, then move the
Selector Bar to each desired entry and press [Space] (repeat the
procedure to unmark an entry). Press Alt-N to begin dialing at the
location of the Selector Bar.
You can also press [T] to tag an entry without moving the Selector
Bar. Press [R] to untag an entry. These keys are especially helpful
to users with speech synthesizer equipment.
2) Specify entries with Dialing Strings on the command line used to run
{COMMO} (see "Command Line Options"). Specified entries will be
marked and dialed in sequence when {COMMO} is started.
3) Specify entries with Dialing Strings in a macro, using the MARK macro
function.
4) Press Alt-N from the Terminal Screen. Dialing of marked entries will
resume with the next system in the sequence.
See also "[Alt-D] Dialing Directory" and the DIAL function in Part II
(MACRO.DOC).
-----===== [Alt-O] Send Modem Initialization String
Pressing Alt-O at any time from the Terminal Screen will cause the Modem
Initialization String to be sent to the modem (if one is defined). This is
useful if your modem was powered off or if the modem setup was changed.
-47-
-----===== [Alt-P] Set Terminal Parameters
The Terminal Parameters determine the method of transmission of data to and
from your computer. In {COMMO}, they are usually displayed or defined with
a string. For example:
{38400,8n1,1,A,0} Speed,format,port,terminal,delay.
{COMMO} keeps two complete sets of Terminal Parameters:
1) The CURRENT Parameters, always shown on the left side of the
Status Line. These reflect the current settings.
2) The DEFAULT DIALING Parameters. These are defined by the
{ddp=...} item in the Setup File. They may be changed with the
Alt-P key command (press F2 in the window to change the CURRENT
parameters) or with the DPARms macro function.
When a number is dialed, the Current Parameters are changed to
the Default Dialing Parameters. Adjustments are then made for
any overrides specified in the Dialing Directory entry (see
below).
---------- Parameter Descriptions
----- Speed
The rate at which data travels between your computer and your modem (or
remote system if no modem is used). It is specified as "bits per second"
or "bps." Allowable values are 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200,
38400, 57600, 115200. These may be abbreviated to the first two characters
in Terminal Parameter strings.
----- Data Format
This consists of three parts. Allowable values are:
character length: 7, 8
parity: [n]one, [e]ven, [o]dd, [m]ark, [s]pace
stop-bits: 1, 2
Examples:
7o2 7 bit characters, odd parity, 2 stop bits
8m1 8 bit characters, mark parity, 1 stop bit
The most common formats, "8n1" and "7e1", may be abbreviated to "8" and "7"
in Terminal Parameter strings, such as:
{38400,8,1,A,0}
-48-
----- Serial Port
This is the channel your computer uses to talk to the outside world. May
be 1, 2, 3 or 4 (for COM1, COM2, COM3 or COM4).
NOTE: PCjr users without the internal modem should specify COM2.
----- Terminal Emulation Type
{COMMO} supports the following terminal types:
ANSI-BBS (A)
For calling most bulletin board systems.
VT102 (V)
For calling certain mainframes and online services.
TTY (T)
For turning off almost all control functions (lets you see ANSI
control sequences).
----- Inter-Character Delay
This factor defines the amount of delay to insert between characters
transmitted by the SEND macro function and by ASCII Upload. Use only when
the remote is too slow to process the data (drops characters).
Each unit is about 5 thousandths of a second (5 ms) on a 4.77 MHz XT class
machine. Faster machines require higher values -- on a 12 MHz AT each unit
will only be about 1 ms.
For example, to delay 20 ms between characters (50 cps) use a factor of:
4 on 4.77 MHz XT
16 on 12 MHz AT
27 on 20 MHz 386
55 on 25 MHz 486
The factor will also vary when you use multi-tasking software, so adjust as
necessary. The maximum delay allowed is one second.
-49-
---------- How to Set Terminal Parameters
----- With the Alt-P Key Command
Alt-P may be used at any time to change the DEFAULT DIALING Parameters or
the CURRENT Parameters (use F2 to toggle between the two sets). Remember
that Current Parameters will be reset to the Default Dialing Parameters
whenever dialing begins.
----- In the Dialing Directory
Serial Port Parameters may be specified in a Dialing Directory entry to
OVERRIDE the Default Dialing Parameters. Specify only values that are
different. For example:
{,,3,V}
A different serial port and terminal emulation is required for
this call.
{,7e1}
Different format required.
----- Using the Macro functions PARMs and DPARms
Use these to set Terminal Parameters during macro execution. See Part II
(MACRO.DOC) for details.
-----===== [Alt-S] Shell to DOS
When you Shell to DOS {COMMO} remains resident in memory and you may
perform any DOS functions as you normally do. Since {COMMO} is small in
size, most of your memory is available when you use this key command.
If you need additional memory, you can use {COMMO}'s Swap to Disk feature.
To use this feature you will need to do two things:
1) Be sure that a Swap File is specified in your Setup File (look
for the "swp=" item under "Paths and Files").
2) Enter the following simple macro in your Macro File:
{:als} {shell-s} {}
This macro will Shell to DOS using Swap to Disk when you press
Alt-S (by using a different key assignment, Alt-S can still be
used for Shell to DOS with no swap).
-50-
-----===== [Alt-T] Set Toggles
This key command is used to set a number of miscellaneous toggle (yes/no)
parameters. Some take effect while you are still in the Set Toggles window
-- others when you exit the window.
Some of the toggles will be described here. The others are detailed in
their respective sections of this document.
---------- Sound Control Toggle
This is the Master Sound Control toggle. When sound is OFF all alarms,
sounds and beeps will be silenced. Alarms are individually controlled with
items in the Setup File and with the "A" switch in EXECute macro functions.
---------- Local Echo Toggle
Local Echo (sometimes called half-duplex) is normally used when you connect
to a host that does not echo (i.e., send back) what you type. Also,
{COMMO} will assume that the host is sending a linefeed along with each
carriage return.
Typed characters will be displayed directly to the screen.
---------- Signal Lights Toggle
Turns ON/OFF the "modem lights" display on the Status Line. Shows the
state of the RS-232C signals, including send and receive.
This toggles the right half of the Status Line from the System Name to the
Signal Lights Display. See "What is on the Status Line" in Online Help for
a complete description of the Status Line indicators.
-----===== [Alt-U] Utility Menu
The Utility Menu is supported by a macro in COMMO.MAC. It contains a
selection of features created by {COMMO} macros.
Current features include:
Add an entry to the Dialing Directory.
Set current terminal emulation.
Run the host mode macro, MOSTHOST.MAC.
Edit the host mode macro.
Edit any external text file less than 64k in size.
Run any macro by name (label).
Load any Macro File.
Modify certain setup items for the current session.
-51-
NOTE: The Utility Menu may not be available (or may have different
features on its menu) if an auxiliary Macro File has been loaded.
-----===== [Alt-W] Send Current Password
Each entry in the Dialing Directory can have its own Password String.
After dialing a number, the Alt-W key command will send the current
Password String to the remote system.
Usually, a carriage return must be sent following the Password String.
This can be done manually by pressing Enter after pressing Alt-W. Or you
can send the carriage return automatically in one of following ways:
1) Place a "|" after the password in each of your Dialing Directory
entries. For example:
{pword|}
2) Use the following macro which will replace the default Alt-W
command:
{:alw} {send %_pas|} {}
For additional details on Passwords see "[Alt-D] Dialing Directory."
-----===== [Alt-X] Exit from {COMMO}
This key command will cause {COMMO} to terminate, saving support files with
outstanding changes.
You may configure {COMMO} to leave DTR high when exiting so that you may
exit and remain connected to a system (this is the default, see "[Alt-G]
Edit Setup File").
If you re-enter {COMMO} while still online you should use the "/in" command
line switch to prevent the Modem Initialization String from being sent.
Alt-X may also be pressed from the Dialing Directory, Macro File or
Scrollback windows for a quick exit.
-----===== [Alt-1] Capture File Options
When Capture is OPEN all information displayed to your screen will be saved
to the designated disk file. This command allows you to:
1) OPEN/CLOSE the Capture File.
2) Change to a different file.
3) Change the Capture Mode.
-52-
Data may be captured in one of three different modes. The startup Capture
Mode is selected in the Setup File.
If the mode is set to SCREEN, data will be captured exactly as it
appears on the Terminal Screen (note that lines that wrap on the
screen will appear as separate lines in the output file). This mode
greatly improves the appearance of the data captured from screens
drawn with ANSI positioning sequences (e.g., animation).
FILTER mode is used primarily when you need to capture lines longer
than the width of the screen (e.g., to be printed on a wide carriage
printer). Characters will be translated if the receive Translate
Table is on. ANSI control sequences will be stripped out if ANSI-BBS
or VT102 emulation is on.
Use RAW mode when you want all data captured exactly as it comes from
the serial port. ANSI control sequences will not be stripped and
length of lines will be preserved. This mode can be used to capture
ANSI animation and color to be "played back" later.
TIPS on using the Capture File:
* IMPORTANT! When capturing to a floppy drive, the diskette should not
be removed until the Capture File is closed (this also applies if the
"disk full" message appears). DOS is unaware of a disk change and may
overwrite the directory on the replacement disk.
* Some screens created with ANSI-BBS or VT102 emulation may appear
distorted in the Capture File. This is because the data was not
received in sequence.
* When using SCREEN mode, data currently on the screen will not be
written to the Capture File until the screen is cleared, the file is
closed, etc. This is a result of the nature of SCREEN mode and is
quite normal.
* If the disk fills up while capture is open, a "disk full" message will
appear for several seconds. The file will be closed and processing
will continue. The built-in variable "_dfc" will be set to 1.
* The old file will be closed if a new file is opened.
See also "[Alt-I] Screen Image Save."
-----===== [Alt-2] Print Log Toggle
Turns the Print Log ON/OFF. When ON all information written to your screen
will be printed to LPT1. Handy for getting hard-copy of file lists,
messages, etc.
-53-
TIPS on using the Print Log:
* Some screens created with ANSI-BBS or VT102 emulation may appear
distorted in the Print Log. This is because the data was not received
in sequence.
* Data currently on the screen will not be printed until the screen is
cleared, the Print Log is turned OFF, etc.
* Flow Control should be used if your printer cannot keep up with the
incoming data (see Appendix C).
-----===== [Alt--] Chat Mode Toggle (Alt minus)
Chat Mode is normally used when you wish to converse via keyboard. The
screen will be split with the upper portion showing what the remote is
sending, while the lower portion shows what you type.
The method used to send typed characters is selected in the Setup File
under the section "Video and Chat Mode." The two possible methods are:
1) Each character is sent as you type it. This method is normally
used when you are chatting with another person who is also in
Chat Mode.
2) All characters are sent at once when you press Enter (up to 240
characters will be buffered). Use this method when you are using
a teleconferencing system or "CB Simulator."
The number of lines in the upper and lower portions of the screen (the
"line split") may also be set in the "Video and Chat Mode" section.
TIPS on using Chat Mode:
* Alt-- (Alt minus) is used to enter AND exit Chat Mode.
* All {COMMO} functions are available in Chat Mode except Doorway Mode.
-----===== [Alt-=] Doorway Mode Toggle
Definition: "Extended" keys are function keys, Alt keys, cursor keys, etc.
In other words, keys that do not generate ASCII characters.
In Doorway Mode all extended keys will send their key codes to the remote
(instead of activating {COMMO} functions). Thus Doorway Mode can be used
to operate most application software on the remote system when used with a
host program such as Marshall Dudley's DOORWAY. In addition, some BBS
full-screen editors use Doorway Mode.
-54-
TIPS on using Doorway Mode:
* IMPORTANT! {COMMO} supports host printer redirection. This means
that Doorway may send data through the modem to be printed on LPT1,
LPT2 or LPT3. Be sure the printers are ready before starting or your
system may hang.
* The Alt-= key is the default, but the "dmk" item in the Setup File may
be used to define any key. The defined key is necessarily reserved
for exiting Doorway Mode and thus cannot be sent to the remote. Be
sure to configure remote applications accordingly.
* A macro must be present in the Macro File to toggle Doorway Mode. The
supplied macro is:
{:al=} {doorway} {} Toggle Doorway Mode
If you redefine the key with "dmk", don't forget to change the key-
label on the macro.
* Terminal-type should be set to ANSI-BBS. It's a good idea to enter
Doorway Mode before starting the host program. The host may send
commands to initialize the terminal.
* When used with DOORWAY 2.22 or later, the Doorway Mode macro will
execute automatically when the DOORWAY program (on the host system)
starts up and when it exits back to DOS -- no keypress is necessary.
(Note that this feature is unavailable during shareware evaluation.)
* The display should be set to the number of lines expected by the host
program. Usually this is 25 lines of text. If your display is not in
the proper mode, the results will be unpredictable.
* The Status Line is normally suppressed in Doorway Mode, but may be
turned on by using the "S" switch in the Doorway macro:
{:al=} {doorway-s} {}
The "s" switch is ignored when exiting Doorway Mode and the Status
Line will be restored to its previous state. Remember that when the
Status Line is on, there is one less usable line on the Terminal
Screen.
* If it is necessary to clear the screen or to reset the terminal
emulation mode parameters when starting Doorway Mode, modify the
Doorway macro. For example:
{:al=} {clear} {parms ,,,a} {doorway} {}
This macro will execute when entering or exiting Doorway Mode.
-55-
* If Software Flow Control is enabled, the ASCII character values 17 and
19 (XON and XOFF) will not display. If these characters are needed,
Software Flow Control should be turned off.
-----===== [F1] How to Use Online Help
A summary of {COMMO}'s operations is available by pressing F1. The Online
Help support file, COMMO.HLP, must be in the {COMMO} home directory or you
will get an error message. This message will also be issued if there is
not enough memory to load the Online Help file.
Note that the Help file is retained in memory until {COMMO} requires memory
for some other program function. It will automatically be re-read when
necessary.
Press "H" in the Help window for a description of all keys available in the
window. Keys for each of {COMMO}'s command windows are detailed in the
respective help sections.
---------- Modifying the Help File
When you are familiar with {COMMO} you may wish to reduce the size of the
Help File. Feel free to edit this file -- you can even set up your own
menu.
The search keys are in the bars separating the topics. The character
following the "T" in the middle of the bar may be changed to create your
own key. Keep in mind that the context-related Help uses topic characters
that cannot be changed.
The HELP macro function enables you to assign a key to go directly to any
topic in Online Help. For example:
{:cf6} {help J} {}
will go to topic "TJ" when Ctrl-F6 is pressed. Use any single character as
the key (do not include the "T").
If you change the Help File, remember to keep a backup copy of the
original.
-----===== [PgUp]/[PgDn] Uploading/Downloading
When you press PgUp or PgDn you will be presented with a menu of file
transfer protocols. Protocols provide the ability to transfer (send and
receive) any type of data using error detection and correction techniques.
The PgUp and PgDn menus are implemented using {COMMO}'s powerful Macro
Language which enables you to execute internal and external protocols
easily and seamlessly.
-56-
The file transfer menus allow you to type in filenames for uploading
(sending), or you may choose them from the Select window. Only one file
should be selected when using the Xmodem, Kermit or ASCII Upload protocols
(Kermit will accept wildcards when typing the filename).
You may alter these macros to suit your individual needs.
---------- Internal Protocols
{COMMO} provides an extremely fast and efficient version of the Zmodem
protocol, plus a number of variations on the Xmodem and Ymodem protocols.
These afford you varying degrees of convenience, speed and security.
ZMODEM is the preferred protocol on most host systems. It features
automatic startup of downloads, multi-file transfers and automatic naming
and dating of received files. Zmodem also affords greater data security
through its 32 bit cyclic redundancy check and its ability to resume
transfers that were interrupted (e.g., by loss of carrier).
The "zr_mode" variable item in COMMO.SET controls the disposition of like-
named files when downloading. Four options are available when the incoming
filename matches a filename in the Download Directory (choose only one):
[S]kip -- The file will be skipped (not downloaded).
[R]esume -- The file will be resumed (appended to) if the file in the
Download Directory is smaller than the incoming file. Otherwise, the
transfer will be considered complete.
re[N]ame -- The incoming file will be renamed by changing the last
character of "filename.ext" to a letter from A through Z.
[O]verwrite -- The existing file will be deleted and the incoming file
will replace it.
YMODEM is also capable of multi-file transfers and automatic naming/dating
of incoming files. Note that the standard macros are set to cancel a
download when a like-named file is received. {COMMO}'s Ymodem supports
renaming and overwriting (as in Zmodem), but you must modify the macros in
COMMO.MAC to do this (there is no menu support).
XMODEM is the most basic protocol. A filename must be supplied at both
ends of the transfer (they need not be the same).
There are a number of variations which apply to both Xmodem and Ymodem.
Their use depends upon what is offered by the remote system and whether or
not you have an error-correcting modem.
CRC
This is a reliable block-check method and should be used whenever
possible.
-57-
Csum
This block-check method is not as reliable and should not be used
unless there is no other option.
1k byte block size
The larger block size is much more efficient and is preferred
(unless noisy lines are causing a lot of block retransmissions).
128 byte block size
The small block size should be used only when there is no other
option or on noisy lines.
G
The "G" method eliminates waiting for the receiver's response to
each block and is therefore much faster. It still performs error
checking, but not error recovery. Therefore it should only be
used with an error-correcting modem or on a direct connection
between computers.
When an error is encountered, the transfer will be cancelled.
Partial files will be kept. The "G" method always uses CRC and
1k blocks.
IMPORTANT! The macros that support the internal protocols are set up for
the most common situations. Many variations are possible by modifying
these macros. Please refer to descriptions of the functions RZMOdem,
RYMOdem, RXMOdem, SZMOdem, SYMOdem and SXMOdem in Part II (MACRO.DOC) for
details.
---------- ASCII Upload/Download
Text files may be sent and received using the ASCII protocol. This method
performs no error checking or error correction and should only be used when
other protocols are not available.
It might be used, for example, to upload a prepared message to a host that
was waiting for you to type the message. Or it could be used to receive a
bulletin or other information that you would normally read while on line.
To upload a text file, use the Alt-A key command (see "[Alt-A] ASCII
Upload" for information about settings). You can also use the Select
window by pressing PgUp and selecting ASCII Upload.
To download text information to a file, use {COMMO}'s Capture File feature.
Use the Alt-1 key command to set the filename and Capture Mode. Open the
Capture File just prior to receiving the information. Then close it after
all data has been received. Note that the file may require some editing.
See "[Alt-1] Capture File Options."
-58-
---------- External Protocols
The Macro File is pre-configured with macros that execute various external
protocol programs. You may add macros for any other protocol programs that
you need. See Part II (MACRO.DOC) for details on writing macros.
External protocol programs can be obtained from BBS's and other sources.
To install them, just place the executable files (e.g., HSLINK.EXE,
OZBEXT.EXE, DSZ.COM) in the directory which is specified in the "set
protodir" Setup File item. This item is in the "Paths and Files" section
of COMMO.SET. You may use your {COMMO} home directory, if desired.
IMPORTANT! All external protocol programs must be in the "protodir"
directory.
Each of the protocol programs has additional features that may be useful to
you. Refer to the program's documentation for more information.
----- Using HS/Link
HS/Link is a Shareware program that offers very fast file transfers. The
HS/Link protocol has all of the features of Zmodem. In addition, it has
bi-directional capability for uploading and downloading simultaneously with
a full-duplex modem (make sure the remote system allows this feature before
attempting it).
When you select a download with HS/Link (or if it is started automatically,
see "Auto Receive"), you will be asked if you have "Any files to upload" as
well. Answer "no" (or just press Enter) for download only.
The executable file to install is HSLINK.EXE.
----- Using Kermit
Kermit is a protocol that is often the only choice on institutional host
systems. To use Kermit, you must obtain Columbia University's MSKERMIT 3.0
or later. This program is free for personal use and is almost universally
available on BBS's and commercial services.
The Kermit macros are set up to transfer only one file at a time (no batch
mode), but wildcards may be used when typing in the filename.
The executable file to install is KERMIT.EXE. In version 3.14 and later
there is a smaller executable called KERLITE.EXE that is designed to be
used as an external protocol driver.
-59-
----- Using OZBEXT
OZBEXT is a file transfer program for CompuServe users (download it from
CIS in the IBMCOM forum under Protocols -- it is free for personal use).
This protocol generally offers better network throughput than Xmodem or
Ymodem (see note below).
When you see the protocol selection menu on CompuServe, always select the
"B" or "B+" protocol (NOT "Quick B").
The executable file to install is OZBEXT.EXE.
NOTE: If you select Ymodem or Xmodem on CIS to download a file, you will
get much faster throughput by choosing the "G" variation in {COMMO} --
Ymodem-G or Xmodem-G. Unless you do a lot of uploading, use of OZBEXT
should not be necessary.
----- External Zmodem
Some users may prefer to use an external Zmodem driver. This can be done
easily by entering replacement macros for "z_recv" and "z_send". If you
add these at the top of COMMO.MAC, you won't have to change the existing
macro structure (the new macros will override the old).
Example macros for Omen Technology programs and Texas Zmodem are shown in
SAMPLES.MAC.
-----===== {COMMO} Auto Receive
This feature will automatically start a macro when a specified string is
received from the serial port and may be used for starting downloads.
Up to 16 strings and respective macro labels may be defined in the
"Terminal and Modem" section of the Setup File. These are preconfigured
for the Zmodem and HS/Link protocol "signature" strings, but you may change
them or add new ones as desired.
As an example, one of the Auto Receive strings in the Setup File is:
{aut=pzbr,^XB00} Auto Receive, Zmodem DL
This means that when the string "^XB00" is received, the macro at label
"pzbr" will be started. This string is the Zmodem "signature" string and
is sent repeatedly by the sender until the receiver is ready to receive
files.
In the Macro File you will find the corresponding macro:
Zmodem {:pzbr} ... {call z_recv} {}
-60-
{COMMO} will execute the macro as soon as the signature string is received
(be patient, a BBS may take several seconds to load and execute its own
protocol program).
IMPORTANT! If you have not properly installed an external protocol
program, the message "Bad command or file name" will be periodically
displayed by DOS. If this happens type Ctrl-X repeatedly until the sender
cancels the transfer.
TIPS on using Auto Receive:
* If the macro called by Auto Receive EXECutes a DOS command, you may
want to use EXECute Preview Mode for preliminary testing. This will
allow you to view the command before execution and to see the results
afterwards. Preview Mode may be toggled on/off using the Alt-T key
command.
* Auto Receive will not trigger on characters that are displayed to the
screen while a macro is running. If you need to download within a
macro, you should do a LOOKfor to wait for the signature string, then
CALL the download macro.
* Using short strings, such as "^E" for CIS B protocol may result in
unexpected triggering of the macro. This is because other systems may
send the same string for a different purpose (to display a "club"
symbol, for example). Thus it may be necessary to disable a string at
times or to discontinue its use.
* A string may be disabled by removing the corresponding macro label in
the Macro File. This may degrade performance since the Macro File
must be scanned each time a "hit" occurs. The best way is to remove
the Setup File item.
* Auto Receive can be set up for protocols that do not send signature
strings, such as Xmodem, Ymodem, Ymodem-G, etc. Use the prompt that
the BBS sends just prior to the file transfer. For example, "Start
your Ymodem-G now." Note that different systems may use different
prompts.
* The AUTO macro function may be used to define new strings after
program startup. See Part II (MACRO.DOC) for details.
See also "TIPS on creating LOOKfor strings" in Part II (MACRO.DOC) under
LOOKfor.
-----===== Keyboard Macros: Customizing Key Commands
In {COMMO} you can assign a key to perform almost any program function or
combination of functions. For example, suppose you want to press Ctrl-F5
to send your name followed by a carriage return. You can enter a simple
macro in your Macro File to do this.
-61-
Press Alt-M, then "E" to edit. Position the cursor where you want your new
macro to be, then press Alt-I a few times to open some space. Now type in
this macro:
{:cf5} {send First Last|} {}
This simple macro has the basic components of any macro.
{:cf5} label (the entry point).
{send ...} function (the action part).
{} STOP (to terminate the macro).
When Ctrl-F5 is pressed, {COMMO} will search the Macro File for {:cf5} and
execute the macro function(s) that follow. In this case the string "First
Last|" will be sent to the serial port. Notice that the "|" converts to a
carriage return.
A keyboard macro may also be used to change a default key assignment. For
example, Alt-K will normally bring up the Scrollback Buffer window. If
you'd rather use the Up Arrow key for this purpose, enter this macro:
{:upa} {scroll} {}
TIPS on creating keyboard macros:
* The "key-labels" used to start keyboard macros may be predefined or
user-defined. See Appendix H "{COMMO} Macro Key-labels" for complete
details.
* Appendix D explains how to represent special characters (such as
carriage returns) in macros.
* Press Alt-E while using the Internal Editor to see the complete list
of editing keys and editing rules.
* Read Part II (MACRO.DOC) to learn the full power of the {COMMO} macro
language.
-62-
========== Appendix A: Setting Up Your Modem
Please be aware that there are many different modems in use and that it is
of the utmost importance that you configure your modem to work correctly
with {COMMO}. A few tips will be given here, but they are not intended as
a substitute for the detailed installation instructions in your modem
manual!
When {COMMO} is started, a command string called the Modem Initialization
String will be sent to the modem. You must make certain that you have the
correct string in your Setup File. This string will perform part or all of
the modem setup depending on the type of modem.
If your modem is external to your computer, be sure you have followed the
installation instructions carefully and that the cable is connected to the
computer's serial port.
Also check the Default Dialing Parameters in the Setup File. Make sure the
serial port number is correct.
-----===== 28800, 14400, 9600, 2400 bps Modems
IMPORTANT! Modern modems require that the serial port speed be set higher
(up to four times higher!) than the modem's fastest line speed. For
example, a 14400 bps modem would be used with the port speed set at 19200,
38400 or 57600. The highest speed you can use is dependent on the hardware
and software in your computer system. Set the speed in COMMO.SET with the
{ddp=...} item.
Many modems have switches (often called "DIP "switches) which must be set
to provide the proper interaction with your computer and with {COMMO}.
Consult your modem manual concerning these switches and pay particular
attention to the following:
1) Enable command recognition. Allows the modem to recognize
commands (dial, set registers, etc.). Must be in the "enable"
position or modem will be unusable.
2) Send result codes in English. This switch should be set so that
the modem will send verbal responses to commands instead of
numbers. There is usually a command to control this as well
(e.g., "V1").
3) Respond to DTR (data terminal ready). This should NOT be in the
"ignore" or "override" position. This switch allows the computer
to signal the modem to hang up.
4) Respond to carrier detect or "allow true carrier." This should
NOT be set to the "always on" or "override" position.
Modems also have software commands which can be used in place of (or in
addition to) the switches. These commands may be given every time you
-63-
start {COMMO} or they may be permanently remembered by modems which have
"non-volatile" memory (NVRAM).
It will be assumed here that the commands are given every time you start
{COMMO}. If you wish to place the settings in NVRAM, consult your modem
manual for instructions (most modems use the "&W" command to do this).
Here is an example Modem Initialization String for most higher speed
modems:
{~~AT S0=0 S7=180 E1 Q0 V1 X4 &C1 &D2 |~~}
The "X" command may vary somewhat from modem to modem. It determines which
responses the modem will generate during dialing (CONNECT, BUSY, etc.). It
may also activate an additional modem feature, such as automatic redialing,
which could interfere with {COMMO}'s own redialing procedure.
Your modem manual gives a description for each level of the "X" command:
X0, X1, X2, ... , etc. Generally you want to use the highest level that
does not activate undesirable features (usually "X4"). The BUSY response
should be provided if possible.
IMPORTANT! Many modems that operate at 2400 bps and above require
additional commands to control features such as error correction and data
compression. The factory settings are usually correct, but be aware that
you may need to insert additional commands into the above string.
If you need to change the Modem Initialization String, edit the Setup File
with the Alt-G key command, then restart the program to send the string to
the modem.
-----===== 1200 bps Modems
Here is an example Modem Initialization String which will set up a 1200 bps
modem:
{~~AT S0=0 S7=180 E1 Q0 V1 X1 |~~}
The information above concerning DIP switches and the "X" command usually
applies to 1200 or 300 bps modems as well.
-----===== Answering a call from another computer
The following information assumes that you are not using the MOSTHOST or
other {COMMO} host mode macro. If you use a host macro, follow the
instructions for installing and operating the host.
There are two easy ways to use {COMMO} to answer when a friend or associate
calls you by computer. For best results, make sure you are in Chat Mode.
Press Alt-- (Alt minus) to enter/exit Chat Mode.
-64-
1) While in Chat Mode or in the Terminal Screen, wait for the phone to
ring, then type "ATA
modems). Your modem should answer immediately (go off hook) and begin
handshaking with the remote modem.
When you see the CONNECT message you are ready to communicate. At
this point you can type, send data with macro keys, send a text file
with ASCII Upload or send any file with an internal or external
protocol.
You can use a macro key to send the answer command to the modem. For
example, to send it by pressing F5, place the following macro in your
Macro File:
{:nf5} {send ATA|} {} Answer the phone!
When the telephone rings, press F5.
2) The other method involves setting your modem into Auto Answer Mode.
This method is useful in some situations, but will cause the modem to
answer whenever the phone rings. This can be undesirable if you get a
voice call.
To set Auto Answer just type "ATS0=1
Modem Initialization String). This will tell the modem to answer on
ring "1" (adjust to as many rings as desired). To turn off Auto
Answer type "ATS0=0
-----===== Connecting two computers (null modem cable)
{COMMO} may be used on a "direct connection" between two computers or
between a computer and another serial device. Connect the two serial ports
with a "null modem" cable. Then start the program on each computer, having
selected the appropriate Default Dialing Parameters in the Setup File(s).
Dialing conditions may be simulated by using a null {} phone number and
"dialing" the entry. This allows directory entry variables to be set and
also activates features such as the Usage Log and the elapsed timer on the
Status Line. If a Linked Macro is specified, it will be started.
The null modem cable should be designed so that the transmit line on each
end connects to the receive line on the other end. No other signals are
needed, but none of the RS-232C signals should be left "floating." They
should be tied high or low (or grounded).
-65-
========== Appendix B {COMMO} and Multi-Tasking
-----===== DESQview
Special care has been taken to ensure that {COMMO} is compatible with
Quarterdeck Office Systems' DESQview(tm), a multi-tasking supervisor.
DESQview allows more than one program to execute at the same time.
A sample Program Information File (CO-PIF.DVP) has been included in the
{COMMO} package for your convenience. The settings in this file assume the
use of DESQview 386. If you are running on a 286, you should adjust the
settings accordingly. This file is installed as follows:
1) Copy the file to your DESQview directory (usually C:\DV).
2) Run "Add a Program" (AP) from the "Open Window" menu.
3) Select "Other" (move the highlight bar and press Space). Specify
your DESQview directory as the "Path."
4) Mark the {COMMO} entry (with Space), then press Enter. "CO"
should now appear on your "Open Window" menu.
The CO-PIF.DVP file has been set up to define a 200k memory window. The
amount of memory actually required is determined by various factors,
including the sizes of the COMMO.FON file, COMMO.MAC file, Scrollback
Buffer, String Variable Space, etc.
CO-PIF.DVP can be changed with the "Change a Program" (CP) command on the
"Open Window" menu. You may also want to change the directory information
or other parameters.
If {COMMO} doesn't load, try increasing the memory value by 50k at a time
until it does. Then test the size of the window by running HS/Link, LIST,
etc., from the Macro File window or Shell to DOS. Be sure to test the
execution of external programs with a "wait" at the end (or use EXECute
Preview Mode) so that you can see any error messages (see EXEC function).
TIPS on using {COMMO} with DESQview:
* For best performance the foreground and background "tick counts"
should both be 10 or less. Tick counts should be reduced when data is
being received at very high speeds.
For example, receiving uncompressed data can result in serial port
speed bursts up to 115200 bps. In this situation, ticks should be set
at 3 and 3. This will ensure that {COMMO} can get control before too
many characters have accumulated in its receive buffer.
* If you switch to another task, do not attempt to access any files
which may be in use in the {COMMO} window. Examples are the Capture
File, the Screen Image File and files that may be currently involved
in a file transfer (upload or download). The result may be a loss of
part or all of the data in the file. This is a general DESQview
-66-
no-no. You may freely access these files in the Shell to DOS or using
a macro (within the same window).
* If the memory allocated to the window is too small, {COMMO} will not
be able to load the Online Help file. Since the Online Help file is
loaded only when requested, you needn't be concerned if you don't
intend to use it.
* The video display may seem less smooth in DESQview. This is a result
of {COMMO} using the fastest possible display method, and is quite
normal. This effect can be minimized by specifying fewer clock ticks
for foreground and background (4 and 4 seems to work well).
* The Snow Checking option should not be used when {COMMO} is run under
DESQview. If you see "snow" type interference in your CGA display,
use DESQview's own snow checking (request "synchronized access" in the
Setup program).
-----===== OS/2 and Windows
{COMMO} will auto-detect the presence of OS/2 or Windows. As much
processing time as possible will be returned to the system for use by other
tasks.
As of this writing, users are reporting improved performance under OS/2
with Ray Gwinn's SIO/VSIO replacement serial port drivers. These are
available on CompuServe (go os2user, lib 3), Exec-PC (OS/2 collection) and
many other BBS systems. Look for SIOnnn.ZIP.
-----===== OmniView
Display bleed-through may be avoided by telling OmniView that {COMMO}
"Supports TopView Functions" or by using the "/T" switch on the OmniView
command line.
See "TIPS on using {COMMO} with DESQview" in the previous section, most of
which apply to OmniView as well.
-----===== DoubleDOS
Color displays require the "DISPLAY = TEXT" option in DDCONFIG.SYS. Run
{COMMO} in the bottom partition -- about 130k to 150k should suffice if you
plan to use Online Help and/or external protocols. Increase this size in
proportion to the size of your Scrollback buffer.
Some non-multi-tasker-aware, direct-screen-writing programs executed with a
macro or in the Shell to DOS may not display properly. If this happens you
may have to run {COMMO} in the top partition.
-67-
Use the supplied DBLDANSI.SYS driver in place of your ANSI.SYS for running
other programs in this partition ({COMMO} doesn't use it).
With this setup you may run any non-graphics program in the top partition,
including direct screen writers.
Monochrome displays require the REFRESH option in DDCONFIG.SYS. Refer to
the DoubleDOS user's manual for information on this.
See "TIPS on using {COMMO} with DESQview" in the previous section, most of
which apply to DoubleDOS as well.
-68-
========== Appendix C Flow Control
Flow Control is a signalling system used by communications devices to
prevent data from being transmitted faster than it can be processed by the
receiving system. This is especially important when data is transferred at
high speeds.
Flow Control is initialized in the Setup File and is used by {COMMO} for
both sending and receiving. You may specify Hardware Flow Control,
Software Flow Control or both.
Hardware Flow Control uses the RTS/CTS lines in your RS-232C (serial port)
cable to signal pause/resume without interfering with the data. It is used
when you are connected to a device which also recognizes RTS/CTS Flow
Control (such as a high-speed modem or another computer connected with an
appropriate null modem cable). A CTS-off (send) pause will not be released
automatically.
Software Flow Control uses a control character called XOFF (or ^S) to
signal the remote to pause. XON (^Q) is the signal to "resume
transmission." This is normally used only for ASCII data, since these
characters may appear randomly within binary data. An XOFF pause will
automatically be released in 20 seconds if no XON is received. It will
also be released if you type a character in the Terminal Screen.
TIPS on using Flow Control:
* Hardware Flow Control problems can generally be avoided by using the
{hfc=auto} option in your Setup File.
* Your modem must be properly initialized to utilize flow control
(consult the modem manual for details).
* Since Software Flow Control uses the XOFF (ASCII 19) and XON (ASCII
17) characters, these will not display on the screen. If it is
necessary to display them, Software Flow Control must be turned off.
* It is especially important to use Flow Control when the Print Log is
on, since data is usually received faster than it can be printed. If
you type a character to the remote during a flow control pause, the
remote may begin sending again (some systems resume on any character,
not just XON). You may have to turn off the Print Log if this
happens.
-69-
========== Appendix D ASCII Character Representation
Sometimes it is necessary to enter control characters and other special
characters in the {COMMO} support files or as input to {COMMO} key
commands. For example, a carriage return (typed with the Enter key) is
used to terminate your typed input. Therefore a carriage return must be
represented by some other character (or characters) in order to be used as
data.
The process of converting represented characters to actual characters is
done in many places in {COMMO}:
1) Strings sent to the modem. These include the modem
initialization string, dialing prefixes and suffixes, telephone
numbers, the password string and the pacing character in ASCII
Upload. Also converted are strings sent by the macro functions
SEND, SETGet (terminator response), SETLook (prompt response),
VTCUr and VTPAd.
2) Strings used in other macro functions. These include LOOKfor,
GOLOok, CALOok, SSLOok, EXECute (see below) and DISPlay.
All control characters may be represented using the (^) caret symbol (it is
the shift character above the top row "6"). If you need to send a caret,
use two carets (^^).
For convenience, two "normal" characters have special meanings in certain
contexts:
The vertical bar (|) may be used to represent a carriage return. If
you need a vertical bar, use (^|). In the EXECute function the
vertical bar is not converted (it is used by DOS as the "pipe"
symbol).
The tilde (~) forces a one-half second delay when it is encountered in
a string that is being sent to the modem. If you need to send a
tilde, use (^~). Note that the tilde is used as a delay ONLY in
strings that are sent to the modem. In other strings the tilde is
used as a tilde.
Remember also that the percent sign (%) is used to introduce string
variable names in macro function arguments. Therefore you must use two
percent signs (%%) where an actual percent sign is required.
Finally, curly braces { } are very special characters and may not be used
as data in the support files. They are represented as follows, using
parentheses:
Left curly brace ^(
Right curly brace ^)
-70-
Here is a list of some of the most common control characters and how to
represent them. Upper or lower case may be used.
Carriage return ^M or |
Linefeed ^J
Tab ^I
Formfeed ^L
Escape ^[
Bell ^G
XOFF ^S
XON ^Q
End of file ^Z
Here is a table of all ASCII control characters. Values are decimal:
0 ... ^@ 7 ... ^G 14 ... ^N 21 ... ^U
1 ... ^A 8 ... ^H 15 ... ^O 22 ... ^V
2 ... ^B 9 ... ^I 16 ... ^P 23 ... ^W
3 ... ^C 10 ... ^J 17 ... ^Q 24 ... ^X
4 ... ^D 11 ... ^K 18 ... ^R 25 ... ^Y
5 ... ^E 12 ... ^L 19 ... ^S 26 ... ^Z
6 ... ^F 13 ... ^M 20 ... ^T 27 ... ^[
Most ASCII characters (including control characters below 32 and those in
the extended graphic character set, 128 to 255), may also be typed using
the ALT-NUMERIC-KEYPAD method as follows:
1. Hold down the Alt key (and keep it down).
2. Enter the ASCII code in decimal using the numeric keypad keys (1,
2 or 3 digits are ok).
3. Release the Alt key.
IMPORTANT! ASCII 0, 10 and 13 may only be represented with the caret.
-71-
========== Appendix E Terminal Emulation
Terminal Emulation Type is indicated on the Status Line (in the Terminal
Parameters string). Available types are:
A ANSI-BBS
Used on bulletin boards and other systems.
V VT102 (VT100 compatible)
Used on minicomputers and mainframes.
T TTY
Supports only the basic control characters.
The Terminal Emulation Type (as defined by the Default Dialing Parameters
string) will be set whenever a system is dialed. It may be overridden for
the current call by using the Parms field in the Dialing Directory entry.
It may also be changed temporarily using the Alt-P key command or the PARMs
macro function. The Default Dialing Parameters may be changed using the
Alt-P key command or the DPARms macro function.
IMPORTANT! The Terminal Emulation Type affects only received data (as
displayed to the screen). The proper macros must be installed to obtain
the correct keyboard simulation. The following sections describe how to do
this.
-----===== ANSI-BBS Keyboard Support
The sample Macro File, COMMO.MAC, includes macros to use the PC keypad keys
(arrow keys, PgUp, PgDn, etc.) with most BBS full-screen editors. These
keys will also work with many other host applications.
-----===== VT102 Keyboard Simulation
The VT102 keyboard simulation macro file, VT102.MAC, works best with the
enhanced 101-key keyboard (turn on Numlock to use digits 0-9 and the
period).
IMPORTANT! The PgUp and PgDn keys are part of VT102 emulation. To bring
up the upload or download protocol menus while VT102.MAC is loaded, press
Alt-Z.
VT102.MAC will load automatically if "vt102" is specified as the Linked
Macro in a Dialing Directory entry. For example:
University UNIX {555-1234} {password} {vt102} {,,,V}
Notice also the presence of the "V" in the parms field, which enables the
display portion of the VT102 emulation. VT102 is a superset of VT100.
-72-
The following special VT102 keyboard functions are supported. The first
column is the PC key; the second column is the corresponding VT102 function
(^ indicates the Ctrl key):
F1 ... F4 PF1 ... PF4
Arrows Four cursor keys
Home Home cursor
^Home Insert line
PgUp Page up
^PgUp Delete line
PgDn Page down
^PgDn Clear screen
End End of line
Ins Insert mode
Del DEL
^(BS) Ctrl backspace (DEL)
Keypad * Keypad ,
Keypad - Keypad -
Keypad + Keypad Enter
VT102 numeric keypad keys are auto-switched by the host system between
numeric mode and application mode. The four cursor keys are auto-switched
between cursor mode and application mode.
This file may be modified to create any keyboard support you desire (see
description of VTCUr and VTPAd functions in the section "{COMMO} Macro
Functions."
-----===== VT220 Keyboard Simulation
VT220 keyboard simulation uses the file VT220.MAC. All of the statements
in the previous section apply (substitute the term VT220 for VT102).
Note that {COMMO} does NOT support the enhanced display functions of the
VT220 terminal (it supports VT102). Therefore the results may not be
satisfactory in all cases.
The following special VT220 keyboard functions are supported:
F1 ... F4 PF1 ... PF4
F5 Break
F6 ... F12 F6 ... F12
Alt-F11 ... Alt-F14 F11 ... F14
Alt-F15 Help
Alt-F16 Do
Alt-F17 ... Alt-F20 F17 ... F20
Arrows Four cursor keys
Home Find
Ins Insert here
Del Remove
End Select
-73-
PgUp Prev screen
PgDn Next screen
Keypad * Keypad ,
Keypad - Keypad -
Keypad + Keypad Enter
Backspace DEL
-----===== Printer Support
{COMMO} supports the ANSI/VT102 printer functions, controlled by the remote
system:
The "Printer ON/OFF" function will turn {COMMO}'s Print Log ON/OFF.
The "Dedicated Printing" function will send all input from the serial
port directly to the printer. This allows for "transparent"
transmission of printer data, including control codes.
The "Print Screen" function will print the entire current screen.
The printer should be on and ready to print when these functions are used
or the system may hang. When "Dedicated Printing" is active no characters
will be displayed on the screen.
TIPS on using terminal emulation:
* Whenever a change is made, a reset of mode parameters will be
performed. It is therefore important that the change be made BEFORE
(or at the time of) connecting with a host (mode settings may be
transmitted by the host).
* If some screens do not look right when VT102 emulation is used, you
may need to turn LINEWRAP off (it defaults to on).
Linewrap may be turned on/off locally using the DISPlay macro
function. Place one of the following in your login macro (or assign
one of them to a key and execute it manually):
{display ,,,^[[?7h} linewrap ON
{display ,,,^[[?7l} linewrap OFF
* {COMMO} will support auto-switching to 132 column mode, but you must
define the hardware video mode that causes your video adapter to
switch to 25x132 (rows, columns). See the item {avm=} under "[Alt-G]
Edit Setup File" for details. Note that your video adapter should be
in 25x80 when you start {COMMO}.
* If colors do not always look right, it may be necessary to set the
Terminal Screen colors in the Setup File to {07}. See the note under
"Colors" in the section "[Alt-G] Edit Setup File."
-74-
========== Appendix F Usage Log Format
Example of a connect entry:
{On} 06/10/93 18:11 9600 bps Channel 1
{On}
A connection was made.
06/10/93
Date of connect.
18:11
Time of connect.
9600 bps
Speed of connect as reported by the "success response string."
Channel 1
Name of system called.
Example of a disconnect entry:
{Off} 06/10/93 18:12 2:17 1 617 354 3230
{Off}
A call was terminated.
06/10/93
Date of termination.
18:13
Time of termination.
2:17
Duration of call in minutes:seconds.
1 617 354 3230
Telephone number of called system. Includes override prefix
and/or suffix, if present.
Example of a file transfer entry:
{RZ} 0 c:\ul\nlbbs.rep 188988 1608 cps 0 errors
{RZ}
File was received with Zmodem.
0
0 means the file was transferred (or resumed) successfully. 1
means the file was not completed.
-75-
c:\ul\nlbbs.rep
Path\filename of file.
188988
Bytes transferred (may not be equal to the size of the file if
the transfer was incomplete or if the Zmodem resume feature was
used).
1608 cps
Rate at which data was transferred in characters per second. The
clock is not started until initial protocol handshaking has been
completed. "** cps" indicates transfer time was too short or
there was an error in the computation.
0 errors
Total number of errors (corrected if transfer was successful).
NOTE: You may configure an external protocol program to make log entries
to your {COMMO} Usage Log file. The format of these entries is explained
in the documentation for the protocol program.
-76-
========== Appendix G Error Message Explanations
If you get an error message that you don't understand, check below for
additional information.
__________________________________
A macro is running. Terminate it?
__________________________________
This message comes from a macro that is using the SETEsc function. It
is used as a warning to prevent accidental termination of macros.
Answer "No" to continue processing, "Yes" to stop.
_______________________________
Cannot locate command processor
_______________________________
This is an unusual condition. Type "SET" at the DOS prompt and be
sure there is a "COMSPEC=" in the list. If there is, make sure that
COMMAND.COM is in the path specified.
____________________________________
Capture File Closed, DISK IS FULL!
Information not saved, DISK IS FULL!
____________________________________
The Capture File and Screen Image File should be edited regularly to
ensure that they are not occupying too much disk space.
_____________________
Dial command too long
_____________________
The dial command is limited to 128 characters.
________________________________
Edit space full! See Appendix K
________________________________
When any file that can be edited with {COMMO}'s Internal Editor is
loaded, expansion space is allocated. The amount of expansion space
is determined by the "esf" item in the Setup File (default is 8k). If
this space fills up while editing, the warning will appear.
Exiting {COMMO} and restarting, or using the Swap to Disk, will
restore the full expansion space. The total size of file plus
expansion cannot exceed 64k bytes.
-77-
________________
File is not text
________________
{COMMO} support files and other files edited with the Internal Editor
must be proper ASCII text files. They should have a CR/LF at the end
of each line and should not contain other control characters.
___________________________
Hardware flow control pause
___________________________
Hardware Flow Control (RTS/CTS handshaking) is in effect and the
remote system (or your modem) has requested a pause. Try waiting a
few seconds for the pause to clear. If that fails, try setting
{hfc=auto} in your Setup File. Be sure to restart {COMMO} after
making this change.
__________________________
Macro location not in file
__________________________
An attempt has been made to RETUrn to a Macro File that has been
modified. Avoid editing Macro Files that are in use.
_______________________________
Not available during evaluation
_______________________________
You have attempted to use a feature that is available only to
registered users. If you are registered, be sure you have followed
the instructions in your registration letter.
________________________________
Not enough memory
Not enough memory for Scrollback
________________________________
These messages may occur at program startup. Check the following:
1) {COMMO} cannot allocate its internal buffers. You must make more
memory available.
2) {COMMO} cannot load the Dialing Directory and/or Macro File. Try
reducing the size of either of these files. Removing comments
may help. Or make more memory available.
-78-
3) {COMMO} cannot allocate the Scrollback Buffer. Reduce its size
or make more memory available.
_______________________
Not enough memory
Program file not found
Unable to execute shell
_______________________
A problem was encountered during Shell to DOS or EXEC:
1) There may not be enough memory to execute the command processor
or external program you have specified.
2) The program file you specified in an EXECute function using the
"D" switch cannot be located. Make sure you specify the full
path and filename.
3) Some other system error condition may exist. Make sure that
COMMAND.COM is still available in the "COMSPEC=" path.
_________________________
Not enough variable space
_________________________
{COMMO} has run out of variable space. Macros should delete (set to
null) variables that are no longer in use. If you need more space,
use the "/vnnnnn" command line switch.
____________________________
Swap Failure, exiting to DOS
____________________________
This message will appear if {COMMO} cannot be fully restored when
returning from a Swap to Disk. This can result from one of these
conditions:
1) Unable to read the Swap File (file not found or file is
unreadable).
2) Unable to allocate the necessary memory (a TSR may have been
loaded above {COMMO}'s kernel).
-79-
________________________
Unable to open file
Unable to open Help File
File not found
Path not found
Too many files
________________________
Check the following:
1) Your "SET COMMO=" command in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. It may be
specifying the wrong directory.
2) That the path exists where the file should be.
3) That the file itself exists (this won't be the problem if the
file is being created).
4) Too many files may be open. You may need to increase your FILES=
parameter in CONFIG.SYS.
5) The Online Help File must be less than 64K bytes in size.
6) You cannot use an open Capture File for any other purpose.
____________________________________________
WARNING: another copy of {COMMO} is running!
____________________________________________
You probably Shelled to DOS and started another copy of {COMMO}. This
warning is provided to prevent overwriting of support files that have
changed.
If it is necessary to Shell to DOS and run {COMMO} again, use the Swap
to Disk feature which will preserve any changes to your Dialing
Directory, etc. This detection does not work between DESQview
windows.
-80-
========== Appendix H {COMMO} Macro Key-labels
Key-labels are special macro labels that let you start a macro by pressing
the associated key (they can also be the targets of GOTO, CALL, etc.).
They fall into two general categories: predefined and user-defined.
---------- Table of PREDEFINED Key-labels
The caret (^) indicates the Ctrl key. "Normal" means unshifted.
Key Name Key-label Key Name Key-label
________ _________ ________ _________
Normal-F1 nf1 ... Normal-F10 nf0
Normal-F11 nfa Normal-F12 nfb
Ctrl-F1 cf1 ... Ctrl-F10 cf0
Ctrl-F11 cfa Ctrl-F12 cfb
Shift-F1 sf1 ... Shift-F10 sf0
Shift-F11 sfa Shift-F12 sfb
Alt-F1 af1 ... Alt-F10 af0
Alt-F11 afa Alt-F12 afb
Alt-A ala ... Alt-Z alz
Alt-1 al1 ... Alt-0 al0
Alt = al= Alt - al-
Escape esc Grey * gr*
Grey - gr- Grey + gr+
Backspace bsp ^Backspace cbs
Tab tab Shift-tab stb
Enter ent ^Enter cen
Home hom End end
PgUp pgu PgDn pgd
Up-Arrow upa Down-Arrow dna
Left-Arrow lfa Right-Arrow rta
Insert ins Delete del
^Home chm ^End cnd
^PgUp cpu ^PgDn cpd
^Right-Arrow cra ^Left-Arrow cla
Keypad-0 kp0 ... Keypad-9 kp9
Keypad-. kp. ^PrtSc cpr
-81-
Alt-[ al[ Alt-] al]
Alt-; al; Alt-' al'
Alt-, al< Alt-. al.
Alt-/ al/ Alt-\ al\
Alt-* al* Alt-` al`
Alt-Kp(-) ak- Alt-Kp(+) ak+
Alt-Return art Center Key cky
TIPS on using key-labels:
* Key-labels are always three characters in length.
* Some key-labels are not available on systems with an older BIOS. And
some keys do not exist on the 83-key keyboard.
* If the same key-label appears more than once, the first occurrence
will be used (as with any macro label).
* Key-labels are not case sensitive.
* The Center Key is the Keypad 5 with Numlock off.
---------- USER-DEFINED Key-labels
(Note that this feature is unavailable during shareware evaluation.)
Almost any key combination on the keyboard may be defined with the "mky"
item in the Setup File. See "[Alt-G] Edit Setup File" in Part I
(COMMO.DOC).
TIPS on using user-defined key-labels:
* You may have up to 32 user-defined key-labels.
* User-defined key-labels may be used to "override" predefined key-
labels.
* Use Alt-K in the Internal Editor to obtain the scan code for any key.
* Beware that some keys give the same scan code when used with various
shift keys (Ctrl, Alt or Shift) as when unshifted. Some examples are:
Space, Esc, Return and Backspace.
* You cannot define keys formed with multiple shift keys. For example,
you cannot use Ctrl-Alt-F1 or Ctrl-Shift-Home.
-82-
========== Appendix I List of Reserved Variables
---------- USER-DEFINED Reserved Variables
_modini Modem Initialization String
_dialpf Default dialing prefix
_dialsf Default dialing suffix
_dialsr Dialing success response(s)
_dialfr Dialing failure response(s)
_dialir Inter-dial Delay response(s)
_dialrt Dialing response text, available:
(1) after a dialing attempt if _dtc = 1 or 2
(2) in the Inter-dial Delay macro.
_uselog Path\filename of Usage Log
_menux Menu display string, x = 1, 2, 3, etc.
_mlabel List of macro labels for pop-up menu
_menter Macro label for Enter key in menu
_mcolor Colors used with pop-up menu: text,border
_exted External editor command line
---------- BUILT-IN Variables
_hom {COMMO} home directory (e.g., c:\commo\, a:\)
_dsk Current disk (e.g., C:)
_dir Current directory (e.g., \upload, \)
_set Filename of Setup File (e.g., COMMO.SET)
_fon Filename of current Dialing Directory (e.g., COMMO.FON)
_mac Filename of resident Macro File (e.g., COMMO.MAC)
_aux Filename of auxiliary Macro File
_edf Filename for external editor
_edl Line number for external editor
_cap Current Capture File path\filename
_scr Current Screen Image File path\filename
_ffn Find file name (use with FILE function)
_ffs Find file size
_ffd Find file date
_fft Find file time
_err Exit code set by certain functions
_met Error message after Macro Error occurs
_dfc Disk full on capture: 1 = YES, 0 = NO; reset when
Capture File is opened, set when disk is full
_pos Position in string
_len Length of string
_por Current serial port number: 1, 2, etc.
_spe Current serial port speed: 2400, 38400, etc.
_fmt Current serial port data format: 8n1, 7e1, etc.
_mod Last speed reported by modem
_pad Current serial port address: 03F8, 02E8, etc.
-83-
_irq Current IRQ number: 4, 3, etc.
_ent Character(s) sent when Enter is pressed. Values are:
^m (cr) New Line Mode reset
^m^j (cr/lf) New Line Mode set
_nci Number of characters in input buffer (received and not yet
displayed)
_sfi Speech Friendly Interface: 1 = ON, 0 = OFF
_dtc Dialing termination code (available after each dialing
attempt). Values are:
0 = no systems were marked
1 = successful connection
2 = failure response received
3 = timed out
4 = operator intervention
_msn Menu label selection number, from last MENU function
(0 for Enter, 1 to 26 for A to Z, etc.)
_rem Remainder from last DIVIde
_nam Current System Name (up to 40 chars)
_num Current Phone Number (up to 40 chars)
_pas Current Password String
_ela Elapsed time in minutes:seconds
_ver Version number text
_dat Full date (format defined in Setup File)
_mon Month, mm
_day Day of the month, dd
_yea Year, yy
_dwn Numeric day of the week: 1=Mon, ... , 7=Sun
_dwt Text day of the week: Mon, Tue, ...
_tim Full time (format defined in Setup File)
_24h 24 hour, hh
_12h 12 hour, hh
_amp Am/pm indicator, xm
_min Minute, mm
_sec Second, ss
_row Current cursor row
_col Current cursor column
_slr Status Line row on screen, 0=off
-84-
========== Appendix J Macro Functions Listed by Class
---------- Variable manipulation
SETVariable Assign a string to a variable name
INCRement Increase a numeric variable
DECRement Decrease a numeric variable
MULTiply Multiply a numeric variable
DIVIde Divide a numeric variable
INSTring Find a string within a string
SUBString Move a substring to a variable
LENGth Determine the length of a string
---------- Looking for text
AUTO Auto Receive
SETLook Set LOOKfor parameters
LOOKfor Look for string from port
SSLOok Additional string, send variable
CALOok Additional string, call submacro
GOLOok Additional string, go to macro
---------- File Input/Output
ROPEn Open a file for reading
READ Read from a file to a variable
RCLOse Close the read file
WOPEn Open a file for writing
WRITe Write to a file from a variable
WCLOse Close the write file
---------- Dialing/connect/disconnect
SETDial Set dialing timers
DIAL Dialing Directory
FONFile Load a new Dialing Directory file.
DPARms Set dialing default parameters
HANGup Drop DTR to hangup
MARK Mark numbers for dialing
UNMArk Unmark Dialing Directory entries
---------- Modem control
PARMs Set current terminal parameters
LOCAlecho Local Echo toggle
INITmodem Send modem init string
BREAk Send a Break signal
LIGHts Signal Lights toggle
-85-
SIGNal Set state of hardware signals
SPOCtrl Serial port output control
---------- Send/receive data
ASCIiup ASCII Upload
SEND Send a text string
CAPMode Set Capture Mode
CAPTure Capture File Options
SETGet Set GETString parameters
GETString Get a string from the modem
RXMOdem Receive a file using Xmodem
RYMOdem Receive a file using Ymodem
RZMOdem Receive a file using Zmodem
SXMOdem Send a file using Xmodem
SYMOdem Send a file using Ymodem
SZMOdem Send a file using Zmodem
PASSword Send current password
RTRAn Maintain Receive Translate Table
STRAn Maintain Send Translate Table
VTCUr VT102 cursor key strings
VTPAd VT102 keypad key strings
---------- Testing
COMPare Compare a variable to a string
IFCOndition Test Condition Flag
IFERrorlevel Test Exit Codes
IFEXist Test for existence of file(s)
IFCArrier Test for presence of carrier detect
---------- Macro control
CALL Execute a macro
RETUrn Return from a CALL
PUSHstack Push a location to the macro stack
POPStack Pop from the macro stack
GOTO Transfer control to a label
UNLOad Release the auxiliary Macro File from memory
STOP Stop macro execution
PAUSe Pause for interval 1-999 seconds
HOLD Hold until specified 24 hr time
NOCArrier Set a label to GOTO when carrier is lost
SETEsc Set a label to GOTO on Esc
SETR Set a label to GOTO when a Macro Error occurs
---------- Video/sound related
CLEAr Clear Screen
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CURSor Terminal Screen cursor toggle
DISPlay Display a string to the screen
SCREen Screen Image Save
SFICtrl Speech Friendly Interface control
SPDCtrl Serial port display control
STATusline Status Line on/off toggle
VIDEo Change to an alternate video mode
WINDow Preserve window display
SOUNd Master Sound toggle
ALARm Ring the alarm
BEEP Play a sequence of sounds
---------- Miscellaneous
CHATmode Chat Mode toggle
DOORway Doorway Mode toggle
ELAPse Reset the elapsed timer
EDIT Edit a file
EXECute Execute a DOS command
EXIT Exit {COMMO}
FILE Find directory entry information
HELP Online Help topic
INFOrm Display an advisory message
INPUt Input from the keyboard
KEYStuff Put key codes into the keyboard buffer
MACRo Macro File window
MENU Create a pop-up macro menu
NOOP No-op function, does nothing
OFFLog Make an {Off} entry in the Usage Log
PRINtlog Print Log toggle
SCROllback Display Scrollback Buffer
SETUp Edit Setup File
SHELl Shell to DOS
TOGGles Set Toggles
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========== Appendix K {COMMO} Support Files
The {COMMO} support files are standard ASCII text files and may be modified
with any editor (or word processor in "non-document" mode). From within
{COMMO} they may be edited with {COMMO}'s Internal Editor. Each support
file may be up to 64k in size (if there is enough memory).
Each line in a support file should be no longer than 255 characters and
should end with a cr/lf pair (which are not included in the length). The
only characters not allowed in literal form in the support files are ASCII
0, 10 and 13. Where necessary, these may be represented symbolically as
shown in Appendix D. For example, an ASCII 13 would be written as ^M.
TIPS on using {COMMO} support files:
* All support files must reside in the {COMMO} home directory.
* A file currently in memory may be different from the file on disk
(files are saved automatically at certain times). Therefore it is
advisable to use an external editor ONLY in the Swap to Disk (files
are saved prior to -- and reloaded after -- the Swap to Disk).
---------- The Internal Editor
{COMMO}'s Internal Editor is provided for your convenience. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive text editor. An external editor (see below)
should be used if more editing power is desired. The Internal Editor may
be used to edit {COMMO} support files or any other text file smaller than
64k.
When a file that can be edited is loaded, a fixed amount of expansion space
is allocated (no more than 64k total). The amount of expansion space is
determined by the {esf=...} item in the Setup File. The Internal Editor
will warn you while editing if the expansion space fills up, at which point
you may reload the file or restart {COMMO} if you wish to continue editing
(the file will be saved automatically).
Key assignments for the Internal Editor are given in Online Help. A Color
Chart will be displayed in the editor when F7 is pressed (useful in the
Setup File and for the DISPlay function in Macro Files).
---------- Using an External Editor
(Note that this feature is unavailable during shareware evaluation.)
An external text editor may be used to edit the Dialing Directory and Macro
Files directly from their respective windows. Your editor's command line
must be defined in the reserved variable "_exted". Then you simply press
Alt-E instead of "E" to use your editor instead of the Internal Editor.
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TIPS on using an external editor:
* The Dialing Directory, resident Macro File and auxiliary Macro File
will all be saved (if changed) prior to running the editor, and will
be reloaded upon return.
* Two built-in variables provide the filename and the line number to be
used on the editor's command line:
_edf The filename of the last file displayed (or current).
_edl The current line number of the cursor within the file.
These may be used as in this Setup File example:
{set _exted,c:\util\editor.exe %_hom%%_edf /n%_edl}
NOTE: The "_exted" variable may also be defined in a macro.
* The command line is run as if it appeared in an {exec-DN...} function
-- i.e., direct, no clear and no swap. This makes it as fast and
seamless as possible. If you need to use the DOS command processor
(e.g., to run a batch file or to search the path), define the command
like this:
{set _exted,c:\command.com /c editor %_hom%%_edf /n%_edl}
---------- The Setup File, COMMO.SET
The Setup File contains settings for many important parameters. The first
time you run {COMMO} you should use the Alt-G key command to edit this file
to your own needs.
IMPORTANT! If you edit the Setup File, the changes will not take effect
until you restart {COMMO}.
See "[Alt-G] Edit Setup File" for details on each item.
---------- The Dialing Directory, COMMO.FON
The Dialing Directory file contains information about each system that you
will be calling, including the telephone number, password, Linked Macro and
Terminal Parameter overrides. Use the Alt-D key command to dial numbers
and to edit this file.
A new Dialing Directory file may be loaded at any time using the FONFile
macro function, or manually within the Dialing Directory window. This
feature may result in somewhat higher memory usage during a {COMMO}
session. (Note that this feature is unavailable during shareware
evaluation.)
See also "[Alt-D] Dialing Directory."
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---------- The Resident Macro File, COMMO.MAC
The resident Macro File is loaded when you start {COMMO} and contains
macros that are available at all times. Use the Alt-M key command to
select a macro for execution and to edit the resident Macro File. A
complete description of {COMMO} macros is given in Part II (MACRO.DOC).
Summary lists of macro functions and key designators can be found in the
appendices and also in Online Help.
See also "[Alt-M] Macro File" for information about compiling Macro Files.
---------- The Auxiliary Macro File
An auxiliary Macro File may be loaded (or replaced) at any time using the
CALL and GOTO macro functions. A new auxiliary file may be loaded manually
within the Macro File window. An auxiliary may also be specified in a
Dialing Directory entry and will load when a connection is made with the
remote system.
When an auxiliary is loaded, the auxiliary and resident files behave as one
Macro File. Note that the auxiliary is positioned logically AHEAD of the
resident, allowing macros in the resident to be overridden when necessary.
You can CALL and GOTO between the files, but a macro cannot span the two
files.
The current auxiliary may be released from memory using the UNLOad macro
function.
See also "[Alt-M] Macro File" for information about compiling Macro Files.
---------- The Online Help File, COMMO.HLP
The Online Help File contains the information for {COMMO}'s context-related
Online Help. This file can be customized.
See "F1 How to Use Online Help."
---------- Changes to the Support Files
Whenever a change is made to any file, the internal change flag is set for
that file (indicated by an "*" next to the column number in the Internal
Editor). Changes are normally saved automatically at program exit or if
another file is loaded, but you may press Alt-F in the Internal Editor to
immediately save any file to disk.
If you do not wish to save your changes, you may press Alt-Q while in the
Internal Editor. This will reset {COMMO}'s change flag and the file will
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not be saved automatically (however, any subsequent changes to the file
will set the change flag again).
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