Category : Financial and Statistics
Archive : FCALC.ZIP
Filename : FCALC.HLP
Output of file : FCALC.HLP contained in archive : FCALC.ZIP
Û oÛ ×Ü à á â â êâ uã Ëã °ä T0 ©
F6Fþ « @$Calc Global Help0F >>0a O 0l> 0>
0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0C >0 1 0&1 0¬ > 0|> 0 >>>0 > 0 > 0> 0 > 0>>0> 0- > 0 ??0 ? 0 > 0
?00?00?00?00?00??00??00??0?000??0, ?0¦ > 0> 0A1 07 1 0 1 0Ú F F1 Displays help relative to your location within the program. To receive specific help, highlight the desired menu item and press F1. When a menu item is not highlighted, F1 will display this Global Help screen. Pressing F1 when in an entry field of a program will display help relative to that program. z Alt+ The first letter of the menu item will activate the menu. To select a sub choice, use the cursor keys to highlight the desired menu item then press enter, or in the altern- ative, merely press its highlighted letter. W When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field. Entering "." places a decimal point in a value. w Calc programs will accept a maximum number of 999,999,999.99 in qualified input fields. Output is limited to 9,999,999,999.99. Input which results in output exceeding the maximum will be pre- ceded by % which indicates that leading digits have been truncated. The user is cautioned that Calc solutions preceded by % are not accurate. Compounding Periods Per Year may be any number within the limits explained above; however, compounding periods per year other than 1,2,3,4,6,12,24,26,52,360,364,365,366, or 999,999 have little prac- tical value as it would be unlikely to find investments compounded differently. 9 may be used to simulate continuous compounding. E Month must be >0 and <13, Day must be >0 and <32, Year must be <= 9 and Interest Rate must be >0 and <1000 in all Calc programs. Interest Rate in all Calc programs is the Annual Percentage Rate. In Calc "DCF" Number of Years must be <100. In Calc "Amortiza- tion", Number of Years must be 30 or less and Payments Per Year must be 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 24, 26, or 52. Entries in all Calc fields must be >0. v If any of the preceding limits are exceeded, a Default Error will occur and a Dialog Box, stating the same will pop up. Correct the offending entry and proceed. l If a memory resident program is loaded while shelled to DOS a non recoverable fatal error may occur in the Calc module. If this occurs unload the TSR and reload Calc. Consequently, TSRs should not be loaded when shelled to DOS. If use of a TSR is desired it needs to be loaded into memory prior to invoking Calc. Ù T0 ê F(F¼ .@$ Future Value0v> 0 >>>0 > 0' > 0< >>>0è > 0> 0 ? 0?
0? 0' ? 0? 0? > 0> 0> 0D > 0>>0> 00 > 0> 0* > 0> 0E ? 0?
02 ? 0?
0Ô 1 0 O 0ä E Future Value deals with the time value of money. Future Value cal- culates the future value (Fv) of an investment made today, given the variables of amount invested (Pv), interest rate, compounding periods per year, and the number of years. It answers the question if I deposit a lump sum today, how much will it be worth at a cer- tain point in the future. o A basic tenant of Finance is "a dollar received today is more val- able than a dollar received tomorrow". This is because today's dollar can be invested today so that tomorrow the dollar will have earned interest. x For instance, the Fv of $1,000 invested today, at 10% interest, compounded monthly, for seven years is $2,007.92. W When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. K When entering values the user will be prompted for numerical input. Interest Rate is the Annual Percentage Rate. The Fv formula will adjust to the Effective Rate of Interest when Compounding Periods Per Year are entered. Compounding Periods Per Year are the number of periods that interest is compounded each year. Number of Years is the duration of the deposit or investment. Present Value is the lump sum deposit or investment. Future Value is the value of the deposit or investment at the end of the term. Total Investment is the total amount that has been invested and Return on Investment is the amount gained from the investment. _ If only the Effective Rate of Interest is known then utilize the the Calc companion program, Convert Eff/APR to obtain the APR. Ñ T0 Z F$FÙ @$
Present Value0f> 0 >>>0 > 0' > 0< >>>0¤ >
0 ? 0?
0? 0' ? 0? 0> > 0> 0>>>0> 0D > 0> 01 > 0> 0# > 0> 0Z ? 000?
01 ? 000??0?
0 ? 0? 0C O 0 ? 0 ?
0? 0 E Present Value (Pv) deals with the time value of money. Pv calcu- lates the value today of a future sum, discounted at the appropri- ate interest rate. Succinctly, Pv is the amount of money that must be invested today to produce a desired future amount. S For instance, the Pv of $1,000 invested for 7 years, at 10% inter- est, compounded quarterly, is $500.88. Succinctly, if you were due $1,000 seven years from now, accepting $500.88 today would achieve the same result. This of course assumes that you invest the $500.88 today, for 7 years at 10% interest. e When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. K Interest Rate is the Annual Percentage Rate. The Pv formula will adjust to the Effective Rate of Interest when Compounding Periods Per Year are entered. Compounding Periods Per Year are the number of periods that interest is compounded each year. Number of Years is the duration of the deposit or investment. Future Value is the required future amount. Present Value is the amount that must be deposited/invested today to achieve the desired future sum. Total Investment is the total amount invested/deposited, and the Return on Investment is the amount gained from the investment. Q If only the Effective Rate of Interest is known then utilize the Calc companion program, Convert Eff/APR to determine the Annual Percentage Rate. T0 $ F*F @$Discounted Cash Flow0E ? 0Ñ ? 0? 0§ ? 05 ? 0} ? 0? 0??0? 0 ? 0? 0??0???00? 0L ? 0? 0: ? 0? 0??0? 0Ã >
0> 0~ ? 0 ???0µ ???0 > 0- > 0' > 00> 0P > 0V > 00> 0F > 0 >
0© > 0 >>>0! > 02 > 0> 06 >>>0 E Discounted Cash Flow Analysis (DCF) is a method to evaluate an in- vestment decision. DCF discounts the annual cash flows to properly reflect the time value of money on a continuous compound interest basis as an ordinary annuity. The Net Present Value (NPV) is then calculated on the series of cash flows. a If the NPV is positive, then the project goal has been met. If the NPV is negative, then the project goal has not been met. P The Internal Rate of Return (IRR), equals the Required Rate of Re- turn when the NPV=0. If the NPV is positive then the IRR is great- er than the Required Rate of Return. If the NPV is negative, then the IRR is less than the Required Rate of Return. W Since a direct equation does not exist for balancing the IRR to the NPV it is arrived at by iteration. If "Calculate IRR" is selected, Calc will find the IRR by making successive approximations at the IRR. The greater the difference between the Required Rate of Return and the IRR, the longer it will take your computer to do the calcu- lations. The speed of the CPU will make a substantial difference in the time required for completion. However, the longest IRR calcu- lation will not take longer than 30 seconds. \ Required Rate of Return is the demanded return on invested funds. Initial Investment is the money invested in the project. Appraised Resale Value is the anticipated amount the asset will sell for at the end of the project. Total Depreciation is the sum of all depre- ciation taken on the asset, over the life of the project. Number of Years is the number of years over which the cash flows will be received. Number of Years is limited to 99. Cash Flows are the series of payments or receipts received from the project. O When entering values Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes an entire entry field, CursorUp returns the cursor to the previous entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. T0 l FFo ý@$Annuity0H > 0Å > 0I > 0J > 0 > 0 > 0J >
0 ? 0? 0Z> 0 >>>0 > 0' > 0; >>>0è E An Annuity is a series of equal payments or receipts for a specif- ied number of periods. r An Ordinary Annuity is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payment made at the END of each period. An Ordinary Annuity is sometimes referred to also as a Regular Annuity or a Deferred Annuity. An Annuity Due is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payments made at the BEGINNING of each period. Z All Calc Annuity Programs are Simple Annuities, which means the formula assumes that compounding periods coincide with the periodic deposits. Therefore, Calc annuity programs should not be used when compounding does not coincide with periodic deposits. S When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. T0 ¹ F(FÒ ç@$Future Value Annuity0H > 0I > 0n > 0J >
0§> 0 ? 0???0® ??0? 00???0- ? 0??0? 000? 03 > 0 > 0> 0º? 0? 0 ? 0? 0 ? 0? 0 ? 0??0? 0@ O
0 > 0 >>>0 > 0) > 0 E An Ordinary Annuity is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payment made at the END of each period. \ An Annuity Due is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payments made at the BEGINNING of each period. Z Fv Annuity answers the question, if I deposit a fixed amount each period, for X years, at X% interest, how much will I have at the end of this savings program. l For instance, suppose you deposit $200 at the BEGINNING of each month (Annuity Due) in a financial institution at 8.5% interest, and continue to do this for 15 years. At the end of the 15 years the value of your monthly deposits would be $72,869.80 (Fv Annuity Due). The total interest earned is $36,869.80 (Return On Invest- ment). If you were to make these $200 deposits at the END of each month (Ordinary Annuity) and the other variables remained the same the value of your account would be $72,357.27 or $512.23 less than the Annuity Due. x The formula for the Future Value of an Annuity assumes that com- pounding periods are the same as the periodic deposit. Therefore, Fv Annuity should not be used to compute values for deposits when the compounding periods per year differ from the number of periodic deposits per year. v To determine the Fv of an Annuity with a Starting Balance run Calc Future Value to compute the Fv of the Starting Balance, then run Calc Fv Annuity, and then add the results of the two programs to- gether. The Calculator is handy in storing values between programs. E When entering values, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, CursorUp returns to the prior entry field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item, exits the current program and activates the menu. µ T0 Ç F FN y@$
Pv Annuity0ý> 0> 0F> 0 >>>0 > 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Present Value Annuity (PvA) calculations are used to determine what lump sum must be deposited in an account today, if this sum and the interest it earns are to provide equal payments for a stated number of periods, with the last payment making the account balance zero. F Another way to think of a PvA is that a PvA is a lump sum that can be deposited today that will amount to the same final total as would the periodic payments of an annuity. ^ In example, suppose that you hit your State Lottery for One Million Dollars. As payment, the Lottery Commission will pay you $50,000 at the END of each year for the next 20 years. If the Lottery Com- mission can find an investment earning 10% interest per year, the amount that they need to deposit now is a mere $425,678.19. Their Total Discount (Interest Earned) is $574,321.81. The good news is you won the lottery. The bad news is -- you only won $425,678.19 "before" taxes. y The equation utilized by this Calc program assumes that the PvA is Ordinary (payments at the END of each period). Z When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 . F#F ¦@$Annuity Payment0H > 0I > 0n > 0J >
0i ? 0? 07> 05? 0? 0V ? >? 0 ???0÷ > 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E An Ordinary Annuity is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payment made at the END of each period. \ An Annuity Due is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payments made at the BEGINNING of each period. Z Annuity Payment answers the question, how much do I need to depos- it each period, for a certain number of years to achieve a desired future sum. } For instance, suppose that on the day your child is born you decide to start saving for his college education. You estimate that 18 years from now, a four year college education will cost $100,000. Your estimate is that you will be able to get a 10% interest rate and your deposits will be made at the BEGINNING of each month. By entering these variables into this fCalc program, the user will find that the required monthly payment required to achieve this fu- ture sum is $165.12. t The formula for Annuity Payment assumes that compounding periods coincide with the periodic payment. Therefore, Annuity Payment should not be used when compounding periods do not coincide with the periodic deposit. s When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enteres the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 ´ F FÀ ô@$Pay Off Amount0K ? 0 ? 0? 0? 0P ? 0??0???0) ? 0??0???0¬ ? 0Å ? >? 0½ > 0> 00> 0>>0> 0 > 0>>>0> 0 ? 0 ? 0 ? 0¶ > 0 >>>0 > 0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Calc Pay Off is used to calculate the pay off amount of a loan which has not reached maturity. The equation utilized is based on the Unpaid Balance Method, and therefore, will not solve for a loan where pay off is based upon the Rule of 78s. Pay Off for loans based upon the Rule of 78s is not included, as paying off a loan using this basis is costly, and therefore largely pointless. E Pay Off is useful in determining what it will cost to retire a car loan, (etc), when anticipating the purchase and financing of a new auto. It will also calculate the final payment in a loan with a balloon payment. Pay Off can also be useful in analyzing the eco- nomic benefits of paying off a loan early to save interest expense. E Interest Rate, Number of Years of the loan, and Payments Per Year are required to run Pay Off. The Calc companion program Loan Payment may be utilized to compute these values. X When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 FWF¦ð@$ Amortization0~O 0
wtp w0 ???0 ? 0 p
07 p
0) p 0} p
0 p
0G p
0 p
0 pp 0 pp 0q ppppp0n pppp 0< pp 0 >>0" >>>00>>0> 0>0 ?0 > 0 ??0 ?0h > 0> 0 ??0v ?0º ? 0w >
0>
0 > 0 > 0 ???0] > 0>0 > 01?0} ? 0 > 0N ??0Ç > 0 ???0}> 0& ?0 ?00?00?00?00?00??00??00??0 ??0h > 0 > 0Ø???0]??0/ ? 0 ??0 ? 0Ü E Calc Amortization prints amortization schedules to the Screen or to the Printer. This is useful in determining annual interest pay- ments or the balance remaining for any given year of a loan. L To print an amortization schedule select Print from the Options menu after all entries in the amortization program have been made. F When print is selected a Dialog Box will appear for user input. (*) Display prints the amortization schedule to the screen. (*) Printer prints the schedule to the printer. If (*) All is selected then the entire schedule will be printed even if en- tries to the contrary are made in other fields. If (*) Part and (*) Printer are selected then entries in other fields will be recognized. If (*) Display is selected, selecting (*) Part has no effect. { Starting Payment Number [25] and Ending Payment Number [60] would cause the schedule to commence with payment number 25, and end with payment number 60. Selecting < Ok > closes the Dialog Box and prints the schedule in accordance with the options that have been selected. < Exit > closes the Dialog Box and nothing is printed. Selecting < Help > or F1 will display this help screen. Tab, CR, Arrow Keys, or entering a field's Highlighted Hot Key, alternates selection among Command Buttons and Entry Fields. L # Interest Rates - Enter the Number of Interest Rates that will be in effect over the life of the loan. The Maximum entry for this field is 10 and the Minimum is 1. g Payment Number (Pmt#) - The program enters 1 as the first entry in this field to establish that the initial Interest Rate of the loan starts with Payment Number 1. If the interest rate will change during the life of the loan enter the other payment numbers when the interest rate will change. The payment number entered must always be greater than the one previously entered. V Interest Rate (IntRate) - Enter the IntRate which corresponds to the Pmt#. As many as 10 Interest Rates may be entered in this field in accordance with the value entered in the # Interest Rates field. Variable interest rate loans can be amortized by entering the payment number and the interest rate associated with the payment number. An interest rate will remain in affect until the program encounters a new interest rate with a corresponding payment num- ber. The first payment number is always 1, and is entered auto- matically by the program. Succeeding payment numbers are entered by the user and must always be greater than the previous Pmt#. J An * denotes the commencement of an interest rate when the amor- tization schedule is printed or displayed to the screen. P Number of Years must be 30 or less. Fractional portions of years are entered as a decimal. For instance, a loan for 5« years would be entered as 5.50. Equivalent decimal values for months are: (1 = .08), (2 = .17), (3 = .25), (4 = .33), (5 = .42), (6 = .50), (7 = .58), (8 = .67), (9 = .75), (10 = .83), (11 = .92). P Payments Per Year must be one of the following integers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 24, 26, or 52. g Amount Financed is the amount borrowed. a When entering 1st Payment Date it is not necessary to enter leading zeros for single digit months or days. If the user strikes return thru this field, default values are entered. The default values are the current month and year, 1 is the default value for the day. If only two digits are entered for the year, and they are >69, 19XX is used. If the two digits are <70, 20XX is used. W The value entered for the day has additional significance when 26 or 52 payments per year is selected. For instance, the year 1993 has 53 Fridays. The first Friday is January 1, and the last is December 31. Year 1994 has 53 Saturdays, and 1995 has 53 Sundays. Year 1996 is a Leap Year and therefore has 53 Mondays and 53 Tues- days. Succinctly, in non leap years, there is one day of the week which will occur 53 times, and in leap years there are two days of the week which will occur 53 times. Therefore, depending upon the year and day of the week that payments fall, 27 or 53 payment per per year may result. 26 payments per year means every other week or biweekly, while 52 payments per year means weekly. Û T0 ± FF¨ @$ Loan Payment0K ? 0? 0# ?0> 0 > 0, > 0> 0C > 00> 0>>>0> 0* > 00> 0 > 0ì ? 0? 0 ? 0<? 0 > 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Calc Loan Payment calculates the payment for a loan. Interest Rate is the rate of interest expressed as APR. Number of Years is the number of years over which the loan will be amortized. Payments Per Year is the number of payments made each year. Amount Financed is the amount borrowed. Loan Payment is the amount that each loan payment will be, exclusive of course, of any impound am- ounts for insurance or taxes. k To obtain amortization schedules, or to calculate a variable interest rate loan, utilize the Calc companion program Amorti- zation. To obtain comparative information on alternative loans, use the Calc companion program found in the Compare menu. V When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 m FFF '@$Compare0/? 0?0 ? 0?0Â > 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Calc Comparison Programs provide the user with a visual method to evaluate the efficacy of alternative investment decisions or loans. E Entries are first made in the Case A column, then in the Case B column. When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 : FF= ý@$
Fv Comparison0¹??0?
0ô > 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Future Value deals with the time value of money. Future Value cal- culates the future value (Fv) of an investment made today, given the variables of amount invested (Pv), interest rate, compounding periods per year, and the number of years. ^ A basic tenant of Finance is "a dollar received today is more val- uable than a dollar received tomorrow". This is because today's dollar can be invested today so that tomorrow the dollar will have earned interest. x For instance, the Fv of $1,000 invested today, at 10% interest, compounded monthly, for seven years is $2,007.92. W Fv Comparison is useful in determining the efficacy of alternative investment decisions. s When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace eeletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 = F(F'@$
Pv Compare0E ? 0? 0? 0( ? 000?0 ? 0?0À ? 0? 0> 0 >>>0 > 0' > 0> 0< >>>0¤ > 0> 0 ? 0?
0? 0' ? 0? 0> > 0> 0>>>0> 0D > 0>>0> 01 > 0# > 0> 0Z ? 000?
01 ? 000??0?
0 ? 0? 0C O 0 ? 0 ?
0? 0 E Present Value Compare presents two templates side by side as Case A and Case B for ease in doing comparative analysis on aleterna- tive investment decisions. n Present Value (Pv) deals with the time value of money. Pv calcu- lates the value today of a future sum, discounted at the appropri- ate interest rate. Succinctly, Pv is the amount of money that must be invested today to produce a desired future amount. S For instance, the Pv of $1,000 invested for 7 years, at 10% inter- est, compounded quarterly, is $500.88. Succinctly, if you were due $1,000 seven years from now, accepting $500.88 today would achieve the same result. This of course assumes that you invest the $500.88 today, for 7 years at 10% interest. e When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. K Interest Rate is the Annual Percentage Rate. The Pv formula will adjust to the Effective Rate of Interest when Compounding Periods Per Year are entered. Compounding Periods Per Year are the number of periods that interest is compounded each year. Number of Years is the duration of the deposit or investment. Future Value is the required future amount. Present Value is the amount that must be deposited/invested today to achieve the desired future sum. Total Investment is the total amount invested/deposited, and the Return on Investment is the amount gained from the investment. Q If only the Effective Rate of Interest is known then utilize the Calc companion program, Convert Eff/APR to determine the Annual Percentage Rate. T0 Y F#F[ þ@$Fv Annuity Compare0H > 0¼ > 0$> 0 0ï> 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E An Ordinary Annuity is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payments made at the end of each time period. V An Annuity Due is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payments made at the beginning of each time period. U A Dialog Box with the text "Is this an Ordinary Annuity", appears prior to entering values for each Case. The first Dialog Box ap- plies to Case A, and the second Dialog Box applies to Case B. User response to these Dialog Boxes will appear as Fv Annuity (1st/2nd). E Fv Annuity Comparison is useful in determining the efficacy of alternative investment decisions. g For example, suppose you saved $50 each week for your child's edu- cation and deposited this amount at the beginning of each week in a local financial institution at 8.5% interest, compounded monthly. If you continued to do this for 15 years, the value of your weekly deposits would be $78,892.79. The Total Investment you have made is $39,000 and the total interest earned is $39,892.79. If you could make the same investment at 10.5% interest, the value of your deposits would be $94,857.80, for a gain of $15,965.02, over what you would make at 8.5% interest. h When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 F$Fj @$Pv Annuity Compare0 ? 0?0 ? 0?0¸ > 0£> 0> 0F> 0 >>>0 > 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Present Value Annuity Compare presents two side by side templates as Case A and Case B which is useful in comparing alternative in- vestment decisions. u Present Value Annuity (PvA) calculations are used to determine what lump sum must be deposited in an account today, if this sum and the interest it earns are to provide equal payments for a stated number of periods, with the last payment making the account balance zero. F Another way to think of a PvA is that a PvA is a lump sum that can be deposited today that will amount to the same final total as would the periodic payments of an annuity. ^ In example, suppose that you hit your State Lottery for One Million Dollars. As payment, the Lottery Commission will pay you $50,000 at the END of each year for the next 20 years. If the Lottery Com- mission can find an investment earning 10% interest per year, the amount that they need to deposit now is a mere $425,678.19. Their Total Discount (Interest Earned) is $574,321.81. The good news is you won the lottery. The bad news is -- you only won $425,678.19 "before" taxes. y The equation utilized by this Calc program assumes that the PvA is Ordinary (payments at the END of each period). Z When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 F!F þ@$Loan Payment Compare0E 1 0O 0% ? 000? 0. ? 0??0? 0A ? 00? 0???0? 0, ? 0 ? 0 ? 0? 0â 1 0O 0Î> 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Calc Loan Payment calculates the payment for a loan. Interest Rate is the Annual Percentage Rate for the loan. Number of Years is the number of years over which the loan will be amortized. Pay- ments Per Year is the number of payments made each year. Amount Financed is the amount borrowed. Loan Payment is the amount that each loan payment will be, exclusive of course, of any impound am- ounts for insurance or taxes. k Calc Loan Payment Comparison provides the user with information to compare the efficacy of two loans. For example, suppose you need to borrow $7,500. A loan is available from United Infidelity Bank at 12% interest for 10 years. A loan is also available from United Equitable Bank at 10% interest for 5 years. V By utilizing this Calc program the user would find that the month- ly payment at United Infidelity is $107.60 the total of payments is $12,912.88 and the cost of financing is $5,412.38. By contrast, the monthly payment at United Equitable Bank is $159.35, the Total of Payments is $9,561.17 and the cost of financing is $2,061.17. Con- sequently, the borrower would save $3,351.21 by borrowing from the United Equitable Bank. r When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 [ F#F[ @$Annuity Pmt Compare0H > 0¼ > 0$> 0 0î> 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E An Ordinary Annuity is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payments made at the end of each time period. V An Annuity Due is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payments made at the beginning of each time period. U A Dialog Box with the text "Is this an Ordinary Annuity", appears prior to entering values for each Case. The first Dialog Box ap- plies to Case A, and the second Dialog Box applies to Case B. User response to these Dialog Boxes will appear as Annuity Pmt (1st/2nd) E Calc Annuity Payment Comparison is useful in determining the eff- icacy of alternative investment decisions. ^ For example, suppose you need $100,000 thirty years from now and can make deposits to achieve this amount either at the beginning or the end of each period. In Case A, Ordinary Annuity is selected at 10% for thirty years, with twelve payments per year. Calc Ann- uity Payment Compare calculates the required monthly payment to be $44.24. In Case B, Annuity Due is selected, and consequently, the required Annuity Payment is $43.87. The required periodic payment is reduced by $.40 by making payments at the beginning of the month as opposed to the end. r When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 FF @$Interest0 O
0ä E Calc Interest programs find the interest rate when the interest rate is unknown. Also, two programs are included which convert the Annual Percentage Rate (APR) to the Effective Rate (Eff) or vice versa. } Since a direct equation does not exist (except for lump sums) to solve for an unknown interest rate, Calc will make successive approximations at the interest rate until it is found. R For specific information regarding each Calc Interest Program press F1 when the menu item is Highlighted . ã T0 × FF2 ¥@$Single Deposit0> 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Calc Single Deposit Interest finds the unknown interest rate for lump sum or single deposits. As such, Single Deposit will find the unknown interest involved in either Future Value (Fv) or Pres- ent Value (Pv) calculations. l To find an unknown interest rate for a series of deposits use an appropriate Calc companion program. d When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 X FFZ þ@$Fv Annuity Interest0H > 0I > 0n > 0J >
0 > 0> 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0è E An Ordinary Annuity is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payment made at the END of each period. \ An Annuity Due is a series of equal cash flows or payments with payments made at the BEGINNING of each period. Z Future Value Annuity Interest finds the unknown interest rate of a Future Value Annuity given the variables of Number of Years, Pay- ments Per Year, Periodic Payment, and the Fv Annuity amount. L When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. T0 H FF2 @$Pv Annuity Interest0> 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Present Value Annuity Interest finds the unknown interest rate of a Pv Annuity given the variables of Number of Years, Payments Per Year, Required Payment and the Present Value of the Annuity. L When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 S FF2 !@$Annuity Pmt Interest0Í> 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Annuity Payment Interest finds the unknown interest rate for an annuity payment calculation, given the variables of Number of Years, Payments Per Year, Future Value Required, and the Annuity Payment. When their sybols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 ê FF2 ¸@$Loan/Lease Interest0V> 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Calc Loan or Lease Interest solves for an unknown interest rate in a Loan or Lease. For example, suppose a $7,500 loan is avail- able for five years, with monthly payments of $159.35, with an unknown interest rate. Entering the preceding variables into this Calc program would solve for the unknown interest rate, which in this example is 10%. t When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 X F!F2 &@$Convert APR/Eff0R> 0 >>>0 > 0>>0' > 0> 0< >>>0, E Annual Percentage Rate (APR), as defined in all Calc programs, is the interest rate achieved if interest is compounded only once per annum. This Calc program converts the Annual Percentage Rate to the Effective Interest Rate, by correcting for the number of com- pounding periods per year. n In example, the Future Value of $1,000 deposited for 10 years at 12% interest (APR), compounded annually is $3,105.85. The Future Value of $1,000 deposited for 10 years at 12% interest (APR) with daily compounding (365 Compounding Periods Per Year) is $3,319.46. In this example, the APR is 12%, while the EFF is 12.75% interest. F Ads are often seen which state "Compounding from day of deposit to day of withdrawal". This type of statement implies daily compound- ing, but how many days are there in a year? Two populal methods are used for computing days in a year--the "Exact Method" and the "Ordinary" (Banker's Rule). The exact method (a misnomer because of leap years) assumes 365 days in a year and the ordinary assumes twelve, 30 day months, or 360 days in a year. To determine the convention used for any particular investment, the user needs to check with the particular investment institution. W When their symbols are displayed on the command bar, Backspace deletes one digit left, Esc deletes the entire field, Cursor Up returns to the prior entry field, Cursor Down enters the value previously entered in the field, and Alt + the first letter of a menu item exits the current program and activates the menu. Ó T0 « F(F §@$Convert Eff/APR0
E This Calc Program converts the Effective Interest Rate (Eff) back to the Annual Percentage Rate (APR). As defined in all Calc prog- rams, the APR accounts for compounding only once per annum, while Eff produces the Effective Interest Rate when compounding periods are taken into account. q For instance, the interest on $1,000 at 12% APR for 10 years is $2,105.00. The interest on $1,000 at 12% APR, with interest com- pounded daily (365 times per year) is $2,319.46. In this example the APR is 12% while the EFF rate is 12.75%. b The following chart depicts the effect of compounding O Ä= Compounded #Periods
Interest Earned Ä= Annually 10 $2105.85 Semiannually 20 $2207.14 Quarterly 40 $2262.04 Monthly 120 $2300.39 Daily 3650 $2319.46 Hourly 87,600 $2320.09 Every Minute 5,256,000 $2320.11 Continuously * $2320.12 * Compounding every instant is the concept of "Continuous or Instantaneous Compounding". The formula for Continuous Compound- ing utilizes 'e', the base of the system of natural logarithms. This constant is approximately 2.718281828459 . I The Calc program "Discounted Cash Flow" analysis utilizes the base of the natural log to compute the Net Present Value. To simulate Continuous Compounding in other programs, enter a large number, (999,999) in the Compounding Periods Per Year field. T0 Î F F Â @$Options0¾ O
0 E User utilities, information, registration and help are available in the options menu. For more specific information, Highlight the individual Options subprogram and the Press F1. Ý T0 ø F'F ô@$ Registration0Õ E Calc is copyrighted and distributed as Shareware. As such, you are encouraged to try Calc for a 30 day period. If after 30 days you wish to continue using Calc you may register your copy by sending your check or money order for $25 to: r WrightWare : 910 Loire Valley Dr. 0 Marion, OH 43302 a You may also share this program with others and or upload it to other Bulletin Board Services; however, it must be distributed unaltered, with all original files intact and unchanged. P This product is distributed "AS IS" and the author specifcally disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied, including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for any purpose. In no event shall WrightWare, or the author, David L. Wright be held liable for any loss of profit or any other com- mercial damage, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential or other damages. i Users of Calc version 5.0 are requested to report any errors, program faults, or "bugs" along with suggestions for future enhancements or improvements. Please direct communications to the author: Ö David L. Wright 5 910 Loire Valley Dr. 0 Marion, Ohio 43302 2 CIS 76635,1136 z Telephone 614-389-4017 å T0 / FTFH ç @$ Information0Í > 0>
00> 00> 00> 000> 0"9C 00? 0
? 0* 9C 0Î E Calc Ver 5.0 requires a CGA monitor or better and an IBM or com- patible computer. Calc contains the 6 files as delineated below: Calc.exe, Calc.hlp, Calc.api, Calc.dat, Calc.scr & Calc.doc G These files must be in the same directory, preferably on a hard drive, in a directory named Calc. However, Calc will function from a floppy drive, but access time to files will be slow. The disk must not be write protected as Calc does periodic writes. I The chart below provides a pictorial overview of Calc functions G ÄC Program
Function * ÄC Future Value Determines the value of a lump sum deposit at some point in the future. c Present Value Determines what lump sum must be deposited today to achieve a desired future sum. W DCF Determines the efficacy of an investment. N Fv Annuity Determines the value of a series of equal deposits at some point in the future. [ Pv Annuity Determines what lump sum deposit must be made to provide for equal payments over a specified period of time. o Annuity Payment Determines what the periodic deposits must be to achieve a desired future sum. Z Pay Off Amount Determines the pay off amount to retire a loan at any given point during the life of the loan. K Amortization Prints a loan payment schedule (Amortization Sch- edule) to the screen or printer. W Loan Payment Determines the payment amount for a loan. Does not print an amortization schedule. X Interest Includes five programs to find an unknown interest rate for a Single Deposit (Fv/Pv), Fv Annuity, PV Annuity, Annuity Payment, and Loan/Lease Payment. Also includes Convert APR/Eff and Convert Eff/APR. E Convert APR/Eff Converts Annual Percentage Rate to Effective Rate. E Convert Eff/APR Converts Effective Rate to Annual Percentage Rate. E Comparison Includes four programs: Future Value, FV Annuity, Loan Payment, and Annuity Payment which are pre- sented in a side by side format for ease of compa- rison. q Calculator Four function calculator useful for doing calcula- tions "on the fly". Also useful to store values when moving from one Calc program to another. I Calendar Displays current month calendar when initially popped-up, but may be changed by the user. M Print Prints Calc solutions to the Printer or in the case of Calc Amortization, prints to the Screen or the Printer. h DOS Shell Exits to DOS, Calc remains in memory. This func- tion is useful for performing tasks supported by COMMAND.COM such as type, dir, or sort, or any program may be launched if sufficient memory is available. Calc occupies approximately 253K of memory when loaded. Typing "EXIT" at the command prompt returns the user to Calc. V The command bar on the last line of the screen displays the date and time. The command bar also displays available "Hot Keys" or "Instant Commands" that are available, relative to the user's lo- cation within the program. ö T0 J F4F½ @$Desk Top Tools0_ ` 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p p 0 p p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0 p 0î ` 0,p 0? p 0? p 0÷ b Calendar c When initially popped up the calendar displays the current month calendar. A 25th line comand bar displays information necessary to change the calendar's date. o Right Arrow . Increments the calendar 1 month Left Arrow . Decrements the calendar 1 month Up Arrow .
Increments the calendar 1 year Dn Arrow .
Decrements the calendar 1 year Page Up . Increments the calendar 10 years Page Dn . Decrements the calendar 10 years Home . Displays the current month calendar
Esc . Removes the calendar £ Ú Ä February 1995 Ä ¿ É Í February 1996 Í » ³ ³ º º ³ If the calendar is ³ º If the calendar is º ³ framed in a single ³ º framed in a double º ³ line then the year ³ º line then the year º ³ is not a Leap Year ³ º is a Leap Year º ³ ³ º º À Ä Ù È Í ¼ ð Calculator b Pops up a four function calculator which is useful for doing simple calculations on the fly. p ÚÄÄÄ¿ Removes the calculator from the screen, but Preserves the ³ P ³ value in the calculator's display. When the calculator is ÀÄÄÄÙ popped up again, the preserved value is displayed. P Esc removes the calculator from the screen and clears the display value. F2 is the calculator "Hot Key" and will bypass the menuing system and activate the calculator at any time. ` Enter performs the same function as the " = " key on a hand held calculator, and enters the value in the calculator display. Using "P" to Preserve a value in the calculator will not function unless an operator key has been pressed prior to invoking Preserve. Ô T0 m FF1 <@$ DOS Shell0v4@ 0 44? 0 > 0& ? 0440 4@ 0 E Calc remains in memory but exits temporarily to the DOS command prompt. You can then perform any service supported by COMMAND such as Dir, Type, Sort, or executing another program that memory constraints will allow. Calc requires approximately 253K of memory. P If you change directories while shelled to DOS, be sure to return to the Calc directory before returning to Calc. Failure to do so will result in an error message stating that required files cannot be found. When shelled to DOS and you wish to return to Calc . G Ú Ä< ¿ ³³ * Type EXIT at the DOS prompt to return to Calc * ³³ ÀÁ Ä< ÁÙ G Loading Memory Resident Programs (TSRs) while shelled to DOS, will produce erratic results when returning to Calc. If TSRs are used they should be loaded prior to loading Calc. T0 z FFY !@$Print0!p
0 p
0r p 0 ? 0& p
0 p
0 p 0 p 0l p
0· ???0F ??0R E Print will send the results of any Calc program to your printer. G Selecting print when the printer is off line will present a dialog box reminding the user to activate the printer. Y If print is selecting for the Calc Amortization program, a dialog box will appear, requesting if the output should be sent to the (*) Display or the (*) Printer . If Display is selected, output is sent to the screen, if Printer is selected output is sent to the Printer. If (*) All is selected the entire Amortization Schedule is printed, if (*) Part and (*) Printer are selected then only a portion of the schedule will be printed. The portion printed will be in accordance with entries in the Starting Payment Number [ ] and Ending Payment Number [ ]. h If (*) Display is selected, the entire Amortization Schedule is displayed to the screen as the user may easily move to any portion of the Amortization Schedule, and exit at any time by pressing Esc. E F4 when displayed on the Command Line will send a form feed to the printer. Ö PP º À ï  · m ÕÑ Í Ñ¸ > ³³ Future Value ³³ > ÔÏ Í Ï¾ Î Interest Rate Compound Periods/Yr Number of Years Present Value Future Value Total Investment Return On Investment p Ç PP » m
¶ l ÉË Í Ë» = ºº Present Value ºº = ÈÊ Í Ê¼ Î Interest Rate Compound Periods/Yr Number of Years Future Value Present Value Total Investment Return On Investment p PP ô À r f ÉË Í Ë» - ºº Discounted Cash Flow Analysis ºº - ÈÊ Í Ê¼ Ä Required Rate of Return Initial Investment Appraised Resale Value Total Depreciation Number of Years Cash Flow Net Present Value Internal Rate of Return Í Ï PP à m
¹ h ÉË Í Ë» 4 ºº Future Value Annuity ºº 4 ÈÊ Í Ê¼ É Interest Rate Number of Years Payments Per Year Periodic Payment Fv Annuity Total Investment Return on Investment p Ò PP Æ m ² h ÉË Í Ë» 3 ºº Present Value Annuity ºº 3 ÈÊ Í Ê¼ È Interest Rate Number of Years Payments Per Year Required Payment Pv of the Annuity Total of Payments Total Discount v Ô PP È m ´ j ÉË Í Ë» 9 ºº Annuity Payment ºº 9 ÈÊ Í Ê¼ Ì Interest Rate Number of Years Payments Per Year Future Value Required Annuity Payment Total Investment Return on Investment p ¿ PP ® À
l ÉË Í Ë» : ºº Pay Off Amount ºº : ÈÊ Í Ê¼ Ë Interest Rate Number of Payments Made Payments Per Year Amount Financed Payment Amount Pay Off Amount  PP ¹ H ç k Calc Amortization Schedule k Ú Ä, Â Ä ¿ ³
Amortization Variables ³ Pmt# IntRate Payment ³ Æ Í, Ø Í µ ³ # Interest Rates ³ 1 ³ ³ , ³ ³ ³ Number of Years ³ ³ ³ , ³ ³ ³ Payments Per Year ³ ³ ³ , ³ ³ ³ Amount Financed ³ ³ ³ , ³ ³ ³ 1st Payment Date - - ³ ³ ³ , ³ ³ ³ Total of Payments ³ ³ ³ , ³ ³ ³ Total Interest ³ Last ³ À Ä, Á Ä Ù ò ¿ PP ³ m ¼ m ÉË Í Ë» > ºº Loan Payment ºº > ÈÊ Í Ê¼ Î Interest Rate Number of Years Payments Per Year Amount Financed Payment Total of Payments Cost of Financing s
PP$ é ´
 i ÉË Í Ë» 2 ºº Future Value Comparison ºº 2 ÈÊ Í Ê¼ = Case A
Case B
Variance % Ä
Ä
Ä Interest Rate Compound Periods/Yr Number of Years Present Value Future Value Return On Investment
PP$ é ´
Á i ÉË Í Ë» 2 ºº Present Value Comparison ºº 2 ÈÊ Í Ê¼ = Case A
Case B
Variance % Ä
Ä
Ä Interest Rate Compound Periods/Yr Number of Years Future Value Present Value Return On Investment 1 PP$
´
à h ÉË Í! Ë» + ºº Future Value Annuity Comparison ºº + ÈÊ Í! ʼ 7 Case A
Case B
Variance % Ä
Ä
Ä Interest Rate Number of Years Payments Per Year Periodic Payment Fv Annuity ( / ) Total Investment Return on Investment { . PP$
´
½ h ÉË Í! Ë» + ºº Present Value Annuity Comparisonºº + ÈÊ Í! ʼ 7 Case A
Case B
Variance % Ä
Ä
Ä Interest Rate Number of Years Payments Per Year Required Payment Pv of the Annuity Total Investment Return on Investment { PP$ õ À ´
¾ h ÉË Í Ë» 3 ºº Loan Payment Comparison ºº 3 ÈÊ Í Ê¼ ? Case A
Case B
Variance % Ä
Ä
Ä Interest Rate Number of Years Payments Per Year Amount Financed Payment Total of Payments Cost of Financing ~ ; PP.
Æ å
à l ÉË Í Ë» 0 ºº Annuity Payment Comparison ºº 0 ÈÊ Í Ê¼ 8 Case A
Case B
Variance % Ä
Ä
Ä Interest Rate Number of Years Payments Per Year Future Value Required Annuity Pmt( / ) Total Investment Return on Investment { µ PP À ï ¤ b
g ÕÑ Í Ñ¸ 3 ³³ Single Deposit Interest ³³ 3 ÔÏ Í Ï¾ iNumber of Years Compound Periods/Yr Present Value Future Value Interest Rate º PP À ï ¤ b
g ÕÑ Í Ñ¸ - ³³ Future Value Annuity Interest ³³ - ÔÏ Í Ï¾ cNumber of Years Payments Per Year Periodic Payment Fv Annuity Interest Rate » PP À ï ¤ b
g ÕÑ Í Ñ¸ , ³³ Present Value Annuity Interest ³³ , ÔÏ Í Ï¾ bNumber of Years Payments Per Year Required Payment Pv Annuity Interest Rate ¿ PP £ À ï ¤ b
g ÕÑ Í Ñ¸ 2 ³³ Annuity Payment Interest ³³ 2 ÔÏ Í Ï¾ hNumber of Years Payments Per Year Future Value Required Annuity Payment Interest Rate ¯ PP À ï ¤ b
g ÕÑ Í Ñ¸ 4 ³³ Loan or Lease Interest ³³ 4 ÔÏ Í Ï¾ jNumber of Years Payments Per Year Amount Financed Payment Interest Rate PP ) ò i ÉË Í Ë» ; ºº Convert APR/Eff ºº ; ÈÊ Í Ê¼ Ë Annual Percentage Rate Compounding Periods Per Year Annual Effective Rate ó PP ) ñ j ÉË Í Ë» ; ºº Convert Eff/APR ºº ; ÈÊ Í Ê¼ Ê Annual Effective Rate Compounding Periods Per Year Annual Percentage Rate òQTp . ## * @$ Device FaultpÇ $ Try turning on the Printer Ace! s ø Q 9 À p ø ppø ppø p Ú Ä Calc Ä
¿³ ³³ Please Wait... ³³ ³À Ä Ù p T
(
(_ õ À pb p p p p p p ppp p' p p p p p p p pp! p| Ö Ä Print Amortization Schedule Ä ·º & ºº É Í ¸ É Í ¸ ºº º ³ º ³ ºº º ³ º ³ ºº Ó Ä Ù Ó Ä Ù ºº Ú Ä ¿ ºº ³ Starting Payment Number [ ] ³ ºº ³ Ending Payment Number [ ] ³ ºº À Ä Ù ºÇ Ä& ¶º & ºÓ Ä& ½T0 FFi .@$Interest Rates0E > 0^ ? 0 110 ? 000?0h > 0> 0 ?0w ?0º ? 03 ? 0 >
0>
0O 11?0J > 0Ó E # Interest Rates - Enter the number of interest rates that will be in effect over the life of the loan. The Maximum entry for this field is 10 and the Minimum is 1. g Payment Number (Pmt#) - The program enters 1 as the first entry in this field to establish that the initial Interest Rate of the loan starts with Payment Number 1. If the interest rate will change during the life of the loan enter the other payment numbers when the interest rate will change. The payment number entered must always be greater than the one previously entered AND must not exceed total payments. r Interest Rate (IntRate) - Enter the Interest Rate which corresponds to the Payment Number. As many as 10 Interest Rates may be entered in accordance with the value entered in the # Interest Rates field. Í D0 ï
,,E ª @ Entry Fault0+ ???0? 0? 0? 0? 0?
00? 0? 0? 00? 0?! 00?$ 00 + You have entered a Pmt# which is greater than total payments. Increase Number of Years, Payments Per Year, or reduce any Pmt#(s) which exceed total payments. 0 D0 S ,, ? @ Entry Fault0+ ?& 0 ?' 0- - # Interest Rates must be an INTEGER Between 1 and 10 9 D0 ` ,, F @ Entry Fault0+ ?# 0 ?% 0 ?( 00 . Payment Number (Pmt#) must be >
any previously entered Pmt# 4 D0 < ,, 0 @ Entry Fault0+ ?( 0, + Number of Years must be between 1 and 30 , D0 l
,, Q @ Entry Fault0, ?& 000?# 0 ?! 0 , Payments Per Year must be the INTEGER 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 24, 26, or 52 1 E0 7 ,, + @ Entry Fault0+ ?( 0, - Interest Rate (IntRate) must be > 0 / D0 Æ , , Â @ Entry Fault0' + A Pmt# > 1560 has been entered. Maximum Number of Years is 30, Maximum Payments Per Year is 52. Ergo, the maximum Pmt# is 1560 (52 x 30). Correct the offending entry to continue. B E0 0 ,, $ @ Invalid Date0+ ?( 0, 1 Enter valid date to continue 2
Very nice! Thank you for this wonderful archive. I wonder why I found it only now. Long live the BBS file archives!
This is so awesome! 😀 I’d be cool if you could download an entire archive of this at once, though.
But one thing that puzzles me is the “mtswslnkmcjklsdlsbdmMICROSOFT” string. There is an article about it here. It is definitely worth a read: http://www.os2museum.com/wp/mtswslnk/