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Filename : PL94-168.WP5
Output of file : PL94-168.WP5 contained in archive : MX-202.ZIP
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Ä[ ÕÕ P dPub. Law 94©168 ÃÃAmendedÄÄÁ`! (#< ÁDecember 23, 1975
P ÕÕP dDecember 23, 1975Á` (#6 ÁPub. Law 94©168 ÃÃAmendedÄÄ
P ÕÐ °°° ÐÃÃÑ Ü D4 p± çÒE Bµ ÑÁà
ì( ÁAN ACT
Áà
ì# ÁPublic Law 94©168
Áà
ì Á94th Congress, H.R. 8674
Áà
ì# ÁDecember 23, 1975
Áà
ì& ÁÃÃAmended byÄÄ
Áà
ì" ÁPublic Law 100©418
Áà
ì Á100th Congress, H.R. 4848
Áà
ì$ ÁAugust 23, 1988ÄÄ
Ñ Xt Ü 4 P ½E 2ñ Ñ
ÃÃ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America
in Congress Assembled,ÄÄ That this Act may be cited as the "Metric Conversion Act of
1975".
ÃÃSec. 2.ÄÄ The Congress finds as follows:
Â
Ä Â (1) The United States was an original signatory party to the 1875 Treaty of the
Meter (20 Stat. 709), which established the General Conference of Weights and
Measures, the International Committee of Weights and Measures and the
International Bureau of Weights and Measures.Æ"ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (2) Although the use of metric measurement standards in the United States has
been authorized by law since 1866 (Act of July 28 1866; 14 Stat. 339), this Nation
today is the only industrially developed nation which has not established a national
policy of committing itself and taking steps to facilitate conversion to the metric
system.Æ"ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â Ã
Ã(3) World trade is increasingly geared towards the metric system of
measurement. Æ"ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (4) Industry in the United States is often at a competitive disadvantage when
dealing in international markets because of its nonstandard measurement system,
and is sometimes excluded when it is unable to deliver goods which are measured
in metric terms. Æ"ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (5) The inherent simplicity of the metric system of measurement and
standardization of weights and measures has led to major cost savings in certain
industries which have converted to that system. Æ"ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (6) The Federal Government has a responsibility to develop procedures and
techniques to assist industry, especially small business, as it voluntarily converts to
the metric system of measurement. Æ"ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (7) The metric system of measurement can provide substantial advantages to the
Federal Government in its own operations.Ä
ÄÆ"ÄÆ
ÃÃSec.3.ÄÄÃ
à It is therefore declared that the policy of the United States shall be to coordinate
and plan the increasing use of the metric system in the United States and to establish
a United States Metric Board to coordinate the voluntary conversion to the metric
system.Ä
Ä
Ã
à It is therefore the declared policy of the United States --
Â
Ä Â (1) to designate the metric system of measurement as the preferred system of
weights and measures for United States trade and commerce. Æ(#ÄÆÔ j'
ÔÂ
Ä Â (2) to require that each Federal agency, by a date certain and to the extent
economically feasible by the end of the fiscal year 1992, use the metric system of
measurement in its procurements, grants, and other business-related activities, except
to the extent that such use is impractical or is likely to cause significant inefficiencies
or loss of markets to United States firms, such as when foreign competitors are
producing competing products in non-metric units. Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (3) to seek out ways to increase understanding of the metric system of measurement
through educational information and guidance and in Government publications; and Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (4) to permit the continued use of traditional systems of weights and measures in
nonbusiness activities. Ä
ÄÆ(#ÄÆ
ÃÃSec. 4.ÄÄ As used in this Act, the term©
Â
Ä Â (1) "Board" means the United States Metric Board, established under section 5 of
this title;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (2) "engineering standard" means a standard which prescribes (A) a concise set of
conditions and requirements that must be satisfied by a material, product. process,
procedure, convention, or test method; and (B) the physical. functional. performance
and/or conformance characteristics thereof;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (3) "international standard or recommendation" means an engineering standard or
recommendation which is (A) formulated and promulgated by an international
organization and (B) recommended for adoption by individual nations as a national
standard; andÆ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (4) "metric system of measurement" means the International System of Units as
established by the General Conference of Weights and Measures in 1960 and as
interpreted or modified for the United States by the Secretary of Commerce.Æ(#ÄÆ
ÃÃSec.5.ÄÄ (a) There is established, in accordance with this section, an independent
instrumentality to be known as a United States Metric Board.
Á
Ä Á(b) The Board shall consist of 17 individuals, as follows:
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (1) the Chairman, a qualified individual who shall be appointed by the President,
by and with the advice and consent of the Senate;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (2) sixteen members who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the
advice and consent of the Senate, on the following basis©Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (A) one to be selected from lists of qualified individuals recommended by
engineers and organizations representative of engineering interests;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (B) one to be selected from lists of qualified individuals recommended by
scientists, the scientific and technical community, and organizations representative
of scientists and technicians;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (C) one to be selected from a list of qualified individuals recommended by
the National Association of Manufacturers or its successor;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (D) one to be selected from lists of qualified individuals recommended by the
United States Chamber of Commerce, or its successor, retailers, and other
commercial organizations;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (E) two to be selected from lists of qualified individuals recommended by the
American Federation of labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations or itsÔ $ Ô successor, who are representative of workers directly affected by metric conversion,
and by other organizations representing labor;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (F) one to be selected from a list of qualified individuals recommended by
the National Governors Conference, the National Council of State legislatures, and
organizations representative of State and local government;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (G) two to be selected from lists of qualified individuals recommended by
organizations representative of small business;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (H) one to be selected from lists of qualified individuals representative of the
construction industry;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (I) one to be selected from a list of qualified individuals recommended by
the National Conference on Weights and Measures and standards making
organizations;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (J) one to be selected from lists of qualified individuals recommended by
educators, the educational community, and organizations representative of
educational interests; andÆ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (K) four at©large members to represent consumers and other interests deemed
suitable by the President and who shall be qualified individuals.Æ(#Æ
As used in this subsection, each "list" shall include the names of at least three individuals
for each applicable vacancy, The terms of office of the members of the Board first taking
office shall expire as designated by the President at the time of nomination; five at the
end of the 2d year; five at the end of the 4th year; and six at the end of the 6th year.
The term of office of the Chairman of such Board shall be 6 years. Members, including
the Chairman, may be appointed to an additional term of 6 years, in the same manner
as the original appointment. Successors to members of such Board shall be appointed
in the same manner as the original members and shall have terms of office expiring 6
years from the date of expiration of the terms for which their predecessors were
appointed. Any individual appointed to fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of
any term of office shall be appointed for the remainder of that term. Beginning 45 days
after the date of incorporation of the Board, six members of such Board shall constitute
a quorum for the transaction of any function of the Board.
Á
Ä Á (c) Unless otherwise provided by the Congress, the Board shall have no compulsory
powers.
Á
Ä Á (d) The Board shall cease to exist when the Congress, by law, determines that its
mission has been accomplished.
ÃÃSec. 6.ÄÄ It shall be the function of the Board to devise and carry out a broad program
of planning, coordination, and public education, consistent with other national policy and
interests, with the aim of implementing the policy set forth in this Act. In carrying out
this program, the Board shall©
Â
Ä Â (1) consult with and take into account the interests, views, and conversion costs of
United States commerce and industry, including small business; science; engineering;
labor; education; consumers; government agencies at the Federal, State, and local
level; nationally recognized standards developing and coordinating organizations; metric
conversion planning and coordinating groups; and such other Individuals or groups as
are considered appropriate by the Board to the carrying out of the purposes of thisÔ ô$ Ô Act, The Board shall take into account activities underway in the private and public
sectors, so as not to duplicate unnecessarily such activities;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (2) provide for appropriate procedures whereby various groups, under the auspices
of the Board, may formulate, and recommend or suggest, to the Board specific
programs for coordinating conversion in each industry and segment thereof and
specific dimensions and configurations in the metric system and in other measurements
for general use. Such programs, dimensions, and configurations shall be consistent with
(A) the needs, interests, and capabilities of manufacturers (large and small), suppliers,
labor, consumers, educators, and other interested groups, and (B) the national interest;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (3) publicize, in an appropriate manner, proposed programs and provide an
opportunity for interested groups or individuals to submit comments on such programs.
At the request of interested parties, the Board, in its discretion, may hold hearings
with regard to such programs. Such comments and hearings may be considered by the
Board;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (4) encourage activities of standardization organizations to develop or revise, as
rapidly as practicable, engineering standards on a metric measurement basis, and to
take advantage of opportunities to promote (A) rationalization or simplification of
relationships, (B) improvements of design, (C) reduction of size variations, (D)
increases in economy, and (E) where feasible, the efficient use of energy and the
conservation of natural resources;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (5) encourage the retention, in new metric language standards, of those United
States engineering designs, practices, and conventions that are internationally accepted
or that embody superior technology;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (6) consult and cooperate with foreign governments, and intergovernmental
organizations, in collaboration with the Department of State, and, through appropriate
member bodies, with private international organizations, which are or become
concerned with the encouragement and coordination of increased use of metric
measurement units or engineering standards based on such units, or both, Such
consultation shall include efforts, where appropriate, to gain international recognition
for metric standards proposed by the United States, and, during the United States
conversion, to encourage retention of equivalent customary units, usually by way of
dual dimensions, in international standards or recommendations;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (7) assist the public through information and education programs, to become
familiar with the meaning and applicability of metric terms and measures in daily life.
Such programs shall include©Æ(#ÄÆ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (A) public information programs conducted by the Board, through the use of
newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and other media, and through talks before
appropriate citizens' groups, and trade and public organizations;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (B) counseling and consultation by the Secretary of Education; the Secretary of
Labor; the Administrator of the Small Business Administration; and the Director
of the National Science Foundation, with educational associations. State and local
educational agencies, labor education committees, apprentice training committees,
and other interested groups, in order to assure (i) that the metric system ofÔ ô$ Ô measurement is included in the curriculum of the Nation's educational institutions,
and (ii) that teachers and other appropriate personnel are properly trained to
teach the metric system of measurement;Æ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (C)consultation by the Secretary of Commerce with the National Conference of
Weights and Measures in order to assure that State and local weights and
measures officials are (i) appropriately involved in metric conversion activities and
(ii) assisted in their efforts to bring about timely amendments to weights and
measures laws; andÆ(#Æ
Á
Ä ÁÂ X Â (D)such other public information activities, by any Federal agency in support of
this Act, as relate to the mission of such agency:Æ(#Æ
Â
Ä Â (8) collect, analyze, and publish information about the extent of usage of metric
measurements; evaluate the costs and benefits of metric usage; and make efforts to
minimize any adverse effects resulting from increasing metric usage;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (9) conduct research, including appropriate surveys; publish the results of such
research; and recommend to the Congress and to the President such action as may
be appropriate to deal with any unresolved problems, issues, and questions associated
with metric conversion, or usage, such problems, issues, and questions may include,
but are not limited to, the impact on workers (such as costs of tools and training) and
on different occupations and industries, possible increased costs to consumers, the
impact on society and the economy, effects on small business, the impact on the
international trade position of the United States, the appropriateness of and methods
for using procurement by the Federal Government as a means to effect conversion
to the metric system, the proper conversion or transition period in particular sectors
of society, and consequences for national defense;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (10) submit annually to the Congress and to the President a report on its activities.
Each such report shall include a status report on the conversion process as well as
projections for the conversion process, Such report may include recommendations
covering any legislation or executive action needed to implement the programs of
conversion accepted by the Board. The Board may also submit such other reports and
recommendations as it deems necessary; andÆ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (11) submit to the Congress and to the President, not later than 1 year after the
date of enactment of the Act making appropriations for carrying out this Act, a report
on the need to provide an effective structural mechanism for converting customary
units to metric units in statutes, regulations, and other laws at all levels of
government, on a coordinated and timely basis. in response to voluntary conversion
programs adopted and implemented by various sectors of society under the auspices
and with the approval of the Board. If the Board determines that such a need exists,
such report shall include recommendations as to appropriate and effective means for
establishing bind implementing such a mechanism.Æ(#ÄÆ
ÃÃSec. 7.ÄÄ In carrying out its duties under this Act, the Board may
Â
Ä Â (1) establish an Executive Committee, and such other committees as it deems
desirable;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (2) establish such committees and advisory panels as it deems necessary to work
with the various sectors of the Nation's economy and with Federal and StateÔ ô$ Ô governmental agencies in the development and implementation of detailed conversion
plans for those sectors. The Board may reimburse, to the extent authorized by law,
the members of such committees;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (3) conduct hearings at such times and places as it deems appropriate;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (4) enter into contracts, in accordance with the Federal Property and Administrative
Services Act of 1949, as amended (40 U.S.C. 471 et seq.), with Federal or State
agencies, private firms, institutions, and individuals for the conduct of research or
surveys, the preparation of reports, and other activities necessary to the discharge of
its duties;Æ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (5) delegate to the Executive Director such authority as it deems advisable; andÆ(#ÄÆ
Â
Ä Â (6) perform such other acts as may be necessary to carry out the duties prescribed
by this Act.Æ(#ÄÆ
ÃÃSec. 8. ÄÄ(a) The Board may accept, hold, administer, and utilize gifts, donations, and
bequests of property. both real and personal, and personal services, for the purpose of
aiding or facilitating the work of the Board. Gifts and bequests of money, and the
proceeds from the sale of any other property received as gifts or requests, shall be
deposited in the Treasury in a separate fund and shall be disbursed upon order of the
Board.
Á
Ä Á (b) For purpose of Federal income, estate, and gift taxation, property accepted
under subsection (a) of this section shall be considered as a gift or bequest to or for the
use of the United States.
Á
Ä Á (c) Upon the request of the Board, the Secretary of the Treasury may invest and
reinvest, in securities of the United States, any moneys contained in the fund authorized
in subsection (a) of this section. Income accruing from such securities, and from any
other property accepted to the credit of such fund, shall be dispersed upon the order of
the Board.
Á
Ä Á (d) Funds not expended by the Board as of the date when it ceases to exist, in
accordance with section 5(d) of this Act, shall revert to the Treasury of the United States
as of such date,
ÃÃSec. 9.ÄÄ Members of the Board who are not in the regular full©time employ of the United
States shall, while attending meetings or conferences of the Board or while otherwise
engaged in the business of the Board, be entitled to receive compensation at a rate not
to exceed the daily rate currently being paid grade 18 of the General Schedule (under
section 5332 of title 5), including travel time. While so serving, on the business of the
Board away from their homes or regular places of business, members of the Board may
be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by
section 5703 of title 5, for persons employed intermittently in the Government service.
Payments under this section shall not render members of the Board employees or
officials of the United States for any purpose. Members of the Board who are in the
employ of the United States shall be entitled to travel expenses when traveling on the
business of the Board.
ÃÃSec. 10. ÄÄ(a) The Board shall appoint a qualified individual to serve as the Executive
Director of the Board at the pleasure of the Board. The Executive Director, subject to
the direction of the Board, shall be responsible to the Board and shall carry out theÔ ô$ Ô metric conversion program, pursuant to the provisions of this Act and the policies
established by the Board.
Á
Ä Á (b) The Executive Director of the Board shall serve full time and be subject to the
provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5. The annual salary
of the Executive Director shall not exceed level III of the Executive Schedule under
section 5314 of such title.
Á
Ä Á (c) The Board may appoint and fix the compensation of such staff personnel as may
be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act in accordance with the provisions of
chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5.
Á
Ä Á (d) The Board may (1) employ experts and consultants or organizations thereof, as
authorized by section 3109 of title 5,; (2) compensate individuals so employed at rates
not in excess of the rate currently being paid grade 18 of the General Schedule under
section 5332 of such title, including traveltime; and (3) may allow such individuals, while
away from their homes or regular places of business, travel expenses (including per diem
in lieu of subsistence) as authorized by section 5703 of such title 5 for persons in the
Government service employed intermittently: ÃÃProvided, however ÄÄThat contracts for such
temporary employment may be renewed annually.
ÃÃSec. 11.ÄÄ Financial and administrative services, including those related to budgeting,
accounting, financial reporting, personnel, and procurement, and such other staff services
as may be needed by the Board, may be obtained by the Board from the Secretary of
Commerce or other appropriate sources in the Federal Government. Payment for such
services shall be made by the Board, in advance or by reimbursement, from funds of the
Board in such amounts as may be agreed upon by the Chairman of the Board and by
the source of the services being rendered.
Ã
ÃÃÃSec. 12.ÄÄ (a) As soon as possible after the date of the enactment of this section, each
agency of the Federal Government shall establish guidelines to carry out the policy set
forth in section 3 (with particular emphasis upon the policy set forth in paragraph (2)
of that section), and as part of its annual budget submission for each fiscal year
beginning after such date shall report to the Congress on the actions which it has taken
during the previous fiscal year, as well as the actions which it plans for the fiscal year
involved, to implement fully the metric system of measurement in accordance with that
policy. Such reporting shall cease for an agency in the fiscal year after it has fully
implemented its efforts under section 3(2). As used in this section, the term "agency of
the Federal Government" means an Executive agency or military department as those
terms as defined in chapter 1 of title 5, United States Code.
Á
Ä Á (b) At the end of the fiscal year 1992, the Comptroller General shall review the
implementation of this Act, and upon completion of such review shall report his findings
to the Congress along with any legislative recommendations he may have.Ä
Ä
ÃÃSec. 13.ÄÄ(formerly ÃÃSec. 12ÄÄ) There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be
necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. Appropriations to carry out the
provisions of this Act may remain available for obligation and expenditure for such
period or periods as may be specified in the Acts making such appropriations.
Very nice! Thank you for this wonderful archive. I wonder why I found it only now. Long live the BBS file archives!
This is so awesome! 😀 I’d be cool if you could download an entire archive of this at once, though.
But one thing that puzzles me is the “mtswslnkmcjklsdlsbdmMICROSOFT” string. There is an article about it here. It is definitely worth a read: http://www.os2museum.com/wp/mtswslnk/