Category : C Source Code
Archive   : UW210.ZIP
Filename : UW_HELP6.HLP

`co(4,7);ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ /// Print Support ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ`co();

`keyword(Introduction,/// Introduction);
`keyword(Key Structure Elements,/// Key Structure Elements);

ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
³ `keyword(init_printer,/// init_printer); `keyword(end_printer,/// end_printer); ³
³ `keyword(print_char,/// print_char); `keyword(print_data,/// print_data); ³
³ `keyword(print_eol,/// print_eol); `keyword(print_file,/// print_file); ³
³ `keyword(print_screen,/// print_screen); `keyword(print_str,/// print_str); ³
³ `keyword(print_window,/// print_window); `keyword(realloc_printer,/// realloc_printer); ³
³ `keyword(set_prt_xlat,/// set_prt_xlat); `keyword(print_in_bkgrnd,/// print_in_bkgrnd); ³
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ

`color(RED,LIGHTGRAY);ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ /// Introduction ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ`color();

These routines are primarily designed for printing to a printer.
However, printing can be output to a DOS file or device (com1, lpt1,
tmp.dat, etc). UltraWin can have as many as four print queues active and
printing concurrently! The queuing routines are unique in the fact that
the can "dynamically" reallocate themselves and "grow" and "shrink" on the
fly without losing a single byte of data. The reallocation routines take
advantage of the lightning fast movmem, as much out of convenience as
speed. An 8Mhz 286 can que 25,000 bytes worth of text strings in one
second, reallocating every 2048 bytes; really quite remarkable. The
output is very fast. Under normal operation, a "write" occurs on every
byte, resulting in ~1024 bytes per second (on the same machine). Not many
printers can keep up with this speed! Even greater speed is achieved by
using "block mode", where each write can output 512 bytes at a time. This
is not done by default since outputting to a comm port at a slow baud rate
could hamper overall performance.

`color(RED,LIGHTGRAY);ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ /// Key Structure Elements ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ`color();

Several print structure elements are of importance. These elements can
be modified directly for the desired effect.

The `co(15,1);halt`co(); member controls output from the queue. If 1, output stops
and the data in the queue remains unmodified. If set to 0, output
continues.

The `co(15,1);block_mode`co(); member controls the number of bytes output per
call to the function "print_in_bkgnd". If 0, only one byte per call will
be output. This is useful for communication devices or printers. If
outputting to a file or laser printer, setting block mode to 1 will allow
up to 512 bytes to be output per call, thereby increasing performance.
This value is defined in UW.H. Changing this value and recompiling
UW_PRINT.C will allow you to change the number of bytes send per block.

The `co(15,1);xlat`co(); and `co(15,1);xlat_flag`co(); control printer translation. See `keyword(set_prt_xlat,/// set_prt_xlat);
for more details.

`co(10,1);/// init_printer`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~init_printer);
Initializes a printer queue. Printer queues can be either ram-based or
disk-based. If ram-based, a queue can be no greater than 64k. Disk-based
queues can be up to 2 gigabytes. (Though we have never actually tried this
size!). If disk-based, the initial and maximum size should be set to the
same value, and a second filename is used as a disk buffer. Be sure that
the isize and msize values are "long". If any error occurs (file cannot be
open, memory cannot be allocated,etc) a 0 will be returned.

Prototype:
int init_printer( char *fname, char *diskbuff, long isize,
long msize, PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); char *fname`co();
A pointer to a string containing the filename/device to print to.
`co(11,1); char *diskbuff`co();
A pointer to a string containing the filename/device to use as a disk
buffer. This is NULL for ram-based queues.
`co(11,1); long isize`co();
The initial size of the print queue. (Maximum 64k if ram based)
`co(11,1); long msize`co();
The maximum size of the print queue. (Maximum 64k if ram based)
isize and msize should be set equal if using a disk based queue.
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
PRINT printer1, printer2;
...
if( !init_printer("out1.prt", NULL, 2048L, 16384L, &printer1) )
wn_plst(0,0,"cannot initialize printer", wnp);
if( !init_printer("out2.prt", "disk.buf", 32768L, 32768L, &printer2) )
wn_plst(0,0,"cannot initialize printer", wnp);

`co(10,1);/// end_printer`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~end_printer);
Closes any files and frees any memory used by the print queue. If
disk-based, the temporary disk file is left intact so that it will not
have to be recreated during the next program execution. You may delete
this file yourself if desired.

Prototype:
int end_printer( PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
PRINT printer1;
...
end_printer(&printer1);

`co(10,1);/// print_char`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~print_char);
Prints a single character. A 0 is returned if an error occurs.

Prototype:
int print_char( uchar c, PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); uchar c`co();
A single byte to queue for printing.
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
PRINT printer1;
...
print_char('\r', &printer1);

`co(10,1);/// print_data`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~print_data);
Prints a block of data. A 0 is returned if an error occurs.

Prototype:
int print_data( uchar *data, int cnt, PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); uchar *data`co();
A pointer to the data to queue for printing.
`co(11,1); int cnt`co();
The number of bytes to print.
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
uchar data[132];
PRINT printer1;
...
print_data(data, 132, &printer1);

`co(10,1);/// print_eol`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~print_eol);
Prints an end-of-line sequence. The print structure contains two
variables, "cr_cnt" and "lf_cnt" that control this sequence. For every
carriage return "cr_cnt", "lf_cnt" line feeds are printed.

For instance, the simple case of cr_cnt = lf_cnt = 1 outputs \r\n while
cr_cnt = 1, lf_cnt = 2 outputs \r\n\n. A 0 is returned if an error
occurs.

Prototype:
int print_eol( PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
PRINT printer1;
...
print_eol(&printer1);

`co(10,1);/// print_file`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~print_file);
Prints an entire file. The file is queued in "raw" format, no CR/LF
translation occurs. Make sure that there is enough room in the queue to
hold the entire file. A 0 is returned if an error occurs.

Prototype:
int print_file( char *fname, PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); char *fname`co();
A pointer to a string containing the filename/device to print to.
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
PRINT printer1;
...
print_file("uw_help6.hlp", &printer1);

`co(10,1);/// print_screen`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~print_screen);
Prints the contents of the entire screen. A 0 is returned if an error
occurs.

Prototype:
int print_screen( PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
PRINT printer1;
...
print_screen(&printer1);

`co(10,1);/// print_str`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~print_str);
Prints a single NULL terminated string. A 0 is returned if an error
occurs.

Prototype:
int print_str( uchar *str, PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); char *str`co();
A pointer to the string to print.
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
PRINT printer1;
...
print_string("This is a print string", &printer1);

`co(10,1);/// print_window`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~print_window);
Prints the contents of the current window. If the window is bordered
and the window parameter "inside" is 1, only the inside of the window is
printed. If "inside" is 0, the entire window, including the border is
printed. A 0 is returned if an error occurs. Note that this works even
if the window is overlapped!

Prototype:
int print_window( WINDOW *wnp, PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); WINDOW *wnp`co();
A pointer to the window to print.
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
PRINT printer1;
WINDOW wn;
...
print_window(&wn, &printer1);

`co(10,1);/// realloc_printer`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~realloc_printer);
Is used internally to "grow" and "shrink" ram-based printer queues
dynamically. A 0 is returned if an error occurs.

Prototype:
int realloc_printer( long new_size, PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); long new_size`co();
The new size, either greater or less than the current size.
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
PRINT printer1;
...
realloc_printer(32000L, &printer1);

`co(10,1);/// set_prt_xlat`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~set_prt_xlat);
Allows translation of the data through a 256-byte translation table.
For instance, the ASCII data queued can be printed as EBCDIC by pointing
this to the appropriate table. Another example would be to point to a
table that contained ASCII equivalents to the IBM extended characters,
thereby providing support for older printers that do not support them.
Note that the translation occurs during output, not during the queueing
process.

Prototype:
void set_prt_xlat( int state, uchar *xlat, PRINT *p );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); int state`co();
If 1, the translation table is activated, if 0 it is deactivated.
`co(11,1); uchar *xlat`co();
A pointer to the translation table.
`co(11,1); PRINT *p`co();
A pointer to a print queue structure.

Usage:
uchar xlat[256];
PRINT printer1;
...
set_prt_xlat(1, xlat, &printer1);

`co(10,1);/// print_in_bkgrnd`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_PRINT.C]~print_in_bkgrnd);
Is the "heart" of the printer routines. It actually scans the printer
queues and outputs the data to the appropriate file/device. You can call
this routine as often and as fast as you see fit, or let the idle function
call it in the "background". There are no requirements as to when or how
often this routine is called, but the more frequent the better the printer
performance. The total number of bytes output is returned.

Prototype:
int print_in_bkgrnd( void );

Parameters:

Usage:
...
while( !kbhit() )
print_in_bkgrnd();
OR
set_idle_func(print_in_bkgrnd); /* wait event will call this for us */
do{
...
}while(!end);

`co(4,7);ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ /// Timer/Sound Support ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ`co();

UltraWin V2.0 has the additional capability of "taking over" the PC
timer interrupt. It does this in a friendly manner by calling the old
timer vector at the proper rate. UltraWin increases the timer interrupt
rate by a factor of 5, or approximately 91 ticks per second. This allows
you much finer control over your programs. We also provide you with an
easy to use timer facility for taking advantage of these features.
UltraWin also allows you to sound the PC speaker at a given frequency for
a certain amount of time and the timer interrupt will turn the speaker off
for you.

It is very important to remember to call end_clock before exiting
your program. If you do not, you may experience strange crashes.
The function `co(11,1);end_video()`co(); calls `co(11,1);end_clock()`co(); to restore the vector and
clock rate if you forget to make the call. Taking over the PC timer will
not affect the PC clock as the original interrupt is still called 18.2
times per second. However, if your program or another program that
controls your program also takes over the clock and changes the rate you
may experience some problems. If this is the case, simply do not call
`co(11,1);init_clock()`co();. You will not be able to use the timer variables or
call `co(11,1);tone()`co(); but `co(11,1);wait_ticks()`co(); will still operate normally.

There are 4 seperate countdown timers available for use in your programs.
These are simply global variables that are decremented to 0 by the timer
interrupt. For instance, to set a countdown timer that will reach 0
after 1 second, say `co(11,1);Uw_timers[0] = 91;`co(); You can then poll this
variable at your convenience to determine the time expired. The
interrupt decrements the variable by 1 on each tick until the count
reaches 0, at which time it will remain 0. The global variables
`co(11,1);Sys_timers`co(); and `co(11,1);Sound_timer`co(); should not be accessed as these are
used by UltraWin and it's companion product InTUItion.

`co(10,1);/// init_clock`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_VID.C]~init_clock);
Takes over the PC timer interrupt and sets the timer rate to the desired
value.

Prototype:
void init_clock( int value );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); uint value`co();
The countdown value for the PC timer chip. 0xffff is the standard
18.2 times per second. 0x7fff would increase the rate by 2, etc.

Usage:
...
init_clock(0x3333); /* speed up by factor of 5 */

`co(10,1);/// end_clock`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_VID.C]~end_clock);
Restores the timer interrupt and rate. Be sure to call this function
before exiting your program. `co(11,1);end_video()`co(); will call this for
you if you forget.

Prototype:
void end_clock();

Parameters:

Usage:
...
end_clock();
end_mouse();
end_video();
exit(0);

`co(10,1);/// tone`co(); `keyword(source,[UW_VID.C]~tone);
Sounds the PC speaker at the desired frequency for the desired amount of
time measured in timer tics. (91/s). There is no need to turn the sound
off, this is automatically handled by the timer interrupt. It is
perfectly safe to call tone even if a tone is already in progress. The
new frequency and time will override the current values. If you need to
turn the speaker off before the time has expired you can call `co(11,1);sound_off();`co();

Prototype:
void tone( uint freq, int dur );

Parameters:
`co(11,1); uint freq`co();
The desired frequency in hertz or cycles-per-second.
`co(11,1); int dur`co();
The duration of the tone in clock tics (91-per-second).

Usage:
...
if( error )
tone(1024,9); /* sound at 1k for 1/10 second */

`co(4,7);ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ /// Ctrl-C/Ctrl-Break Control ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ`co();

UltraWin takes over the Ctrl-C and Ctrl-Break handlers and installs
a dummy interrupt handler. In this way, Ctrl-C can be used as any other
control key. More importantly, your program will not abort without
restoring the clock interrupt. If you need further control over these
handlers you can modify the ISR's `co(11,1);uw_ctrl_brk();`co(); and `co(11,1);uw_ctrl_c()`co();.