Category : C Source Code
Archive : GRAFGEM1.ZIP
Filename : SQUARERO.C
Output of file : SQUARERO.C contained in archive : GRAFGEM1.ZIP
* A High Speed, Low Precision Square Root
* by Paul Lalonde and Robert Dawson
* from "Graphics Gems", Academic Press, 1990
*/
/*
* SPARC implementation of a fast square root by table
* lookup.
* SPARC floating point format is as follows:
*
* BIT 31 30 23 22 0
* sign exponent mantissa
*/
#include
static short sqrttab[0x100]; /* declare table of square roots */
void
build_table()
{
unsigned short i;
float f;
unsigned int *fi = &f; /* to access the bits of a float in */
/* C quickly we must misuse pointers */
for(i=0; i<= 0x7f; i++) {
*fi = 0;
/*
* Build a float with the bit pattern i as mantissa
* and an exponent of 0, stored as 127
*/
*fi = (i << 16) | (127 << 23);
f = sqrt(f);
/*
* Take the square root then strip the first 7 bits of
* the mantissa into the table
*/
sqrttab[i] = (*fi & 0x7fffff) >> 16;
/*
* Repeat the process, this time with an exponent of
* 1, stored as 128
*/
*fi = 0;
*fi = (i << 16) | (128 << 23);
f = sqrt(f);
sqrttab[i+0x80] = (*fi & 0x7fffff) >> 16;
}
}
/*
* fsqrt - fast square root by table lookup
*/
float
fsqrt(float n)
{
unsigned int *num = &n; /* to access the bits of a float in C
* we must misuse pointers */
short e; /* the exponent */
if (n == 0) return (0); /* check for square root of 0 */
e = (*num >> 23) - 127; /* get the exponent - on a SPARC the */
/* exponent is stored with 127 added */
*num & = 0x7fffff; /* leave only the mantissa */
if (e & 0x01) *num | = 0x800000;
/* the exponent is odd so we have to */
/* look it up in the second half of */
/* the lookup table, so we set the */
/* high bit */
e >>= 1; /* divide the exponent by two */
/* note that in C the shift */
/* operators are sign preserving */
/* for signed operands */
/* Do the table lookup, based on the quaternary mantissa,
* then reconstruct the result back into a float
*/
*num = ((sqrttab[*num >> 16]) << 16) | ((e + 127) << 23);
return(n);
}
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