Category : Alternate Operating Systems - Quarterdeck DesqView, CP/M, etc
Archive   : DRHELP.ZIP
Filename : DRDOS6.HLP
DrDOS.HLP - Copyright (c) 1991 Thomas C. Kerr
All rights reserved
This is the ASCII help text file that supports the DrHELP help
program for DrDOS Version 6.0. All help topics must appear in
uppercase and must be enclosed by percent signs. Screen page
markers are designated by the "cp" directive preceded by a period.
An "END" directive enclosed by astericks signals the end of help
text for a particular topic.
To utilize this help file, you must first run the program which
reads this file and builds a binary file containing the file offsets
(i.e., indices) for the beginning of each help topic. The command
to accomplish this is:
INDEXIT DRDOS.HLP
This in turn creates the index file DRDOS.NDX.
%APPEND%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
APPEND R1.00 Specify a search path for data files and overlays.
Format:
APPEND [/H] d:path[;[d:]path ...] [/X:ON|OFF] [/E:ON|OFF]
... [/PATH:ON|OFF]
/X tells APPEND to process SEARCH FIRST and EXEC functions. Com-
mands like COMP and DIR use SEARCH FIRST functions to search
for files. Dr DOS uses the EXEC function any time a command is
input. **Note: Cancel APPEND before running BACKUP.**
/E tells APPEND to keep its paths in the DOS environment, like the
PATH command.
/PATH makes APPEND apply to files having pathnames.
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Explanation:
APPEND enables programs to search for needed files in directories
other than the current directory. It functions similar to PATH.
PATH is used only to search for .BAT, .COM, and .EXE files whereas
APPEND is used to search for any other type of file, such as .DAT.
The punctuation character ";" is used to separate the APPEND paths
or to request a list of the current APPEND paths.
Examples:
Search the directory C:\DRDOS for any needed data files that are
not found in the current directory.
APPEND c:\drdos
*END*
%ASSIGN%
Page 1 of 3
Purpose:
ASSIGN R1.00 Drive Substitution Utility.
ASSIGN reassigns a drive letter to a different drive
Format:
ASSIGN x=y [/H | /?] [/A]
x specifies drive (to which current disk I/O requests are sent),
that you want to reassign or equate to another drive letter
y specifies drive letter that you want disk I/O requests to be
assigned or routed to
/A displays the current status of disk drive assignments
/H display help text
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Explanation:
Instructs DOS to route disk I/O requests for one drive to another
disk drive. Mainly used when you run a program from one disk drive
that has been hard-coded to access files from a specific disk drive.
Rather than load the program and files on the specified drive, you
temporarily assign the current drive to the other drive.
Some application programs can only be run on, or access their data
from, one disk drive. The ASSIGN command allows you to assign a
drive letter that is not on your system to a drive letter which is
available on your system. An example of this would be if you have
only one drive on your computer, and the applications program was
programmed to use drive C for all of its data storage. With the
ASSIGN command, you can assign all requests for drive C to drive A.
If you want to use the ASSIGN command for more than one drive, it
must be done with one ASSIGN command. This is because each ASSIGN
command statement cancels any previous ones.
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Example(s):
Assign all requests for drives A and B to drive C.
ASSIGN A=C B=C
Display all current disk drive assignments.
ASSIGN /A
*END*
%ATTRIB%
Page 1 of 3
Purpose:
ATTRIB R1.43 Change file attributes
Display and/or changes any of the four attributes of a disk file.
Format:
ATTRIB [+|-A][+|-H][+|-R][+|-S] [@][d:][path]filename[.ext] [/P][/S]
+A turn on archive attribute (-A turn it off)
+H turn on hidden attribute (-H turn it off)
+R make file read-only (-R make it read-write)
+S turn on system attribute (-S turn it off)
@ the filename that follows is the name of a file list
d: drive which attrib is to search
path directory where search is to begin
filename.ext file for which attributes are displayed or changed
/P pause after each page
/S search for files in subdirectories
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Explanation:
Multiple files may be specified on the command line. If no files
are specified, ATTRIB will assume *.*.
Each disk file can be marked as "read-only" so that it cannot be
accidentally deleted. A file that is marked as "read-only" will be
shown in the directory as normal with the DIR command. However, if
you try to delete the file with the DEL or ERASE commands, DOS will
not carry out the command. You get an "Access denied" error message.
The "archive" file attribute shows whether a file has been changed
since the last backup was made. This attribute is cleared by special
backup programs when they perform backup on a disk, such as the DOS
BACKUP program. When using backup programs, you can specify backup
of only those files that have changed since the last backup--instead
of backing up all files, which can take much longer. The BACKUP
program examines this archive attribute to determine whether or not
to backup a file.
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Page 3 of 3
The "system" attribute, when switched ON, prevents the DIR command
from displaying the file and the COPY command from copying the file
unless a "/S" switch is employed.
Example(s):
Set the read-only attribute for MYFILE.TXT.
ATTRIB +R MYFILE.TXT
Set the "archive" attribute on all file with a filename extension of
.DAT, including those in subdirectories, pausing after each screen.
ATTRIB +A *.DAT /S /P
Display the attribute of all files.
ATTRIB *.*
*END*
%BACKUP%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
BACKUP R1.07 Disk backup utility
Backs up one or more files from one disk to another. This is usually
used to back up files from a hard disk.
Format:
BACKUP [/Help] d:[path][filename.ext]] d: [switches]
/A Add new files to backup disk without erasing exist-
ing ones
/D:date Backup files modified since a given date
/F Format destination disks
/L[:filespec] Record actions in a log file - default name used is
\BACKUP.LOG
/M Backup only files modified since last backup
/S Backup files in sub-directories also
/T:time Backup files modified since given time (use with /D)
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Example(s):
Backup all files on drive C to drive A.
BACKUP C:\*.* A: /S
*END*
%CACHE%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
CACHE R1.06 Disk Cache
Format:
CACHE [/H] [/S=xxx] [/X] [/E]
/S Requested size of disk cache in Kbytes
/X Use eXpanded memory for buffers
/E Use Extended memory for buffers
Use of no options merely displays current status of cache.
Explanation:
Used to speed up the process of accessing data on a hard disk. Used
to define and set up an area of RAM memory which acts as a buffer,
storing a copy of data frequently read from the disk.
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Examples(s):
Install disk cache using 512 Kbytes of eXpanded memory.
CACHE /X /S=512
Display the current status of the disk cache.
CACHE
The display produced will look like this:
******************************************************
* 1 drive cached in 123 track buffers *
* 2091 K Bytes of Extended Memory used *
* 69% of CACHE in use with a 74% hit rate. *
******************************************************
*END*
%CD%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Allows you to move between disk subdirectories. Used to change cur-
rent directory to that specified.
Format:
CD [d:][\] or CD [d:]dirpath
Explanation:
Typing CD without any parameters will display the current directory.
Specifying a directory path of ".." pops the current directory
back one level up the directory tree.
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Example(s):
Change the current directory to the root directory; i.e. \ (slash).
CD \
Change current directory to \LEVL1\LEVL2 from \LEVL1\LEVL2\LEVL3.
CD \LEVL1\LEVL2 or CD ..
Display the current directory.
CD
*END*
%CD/CHDIR%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Allows you to move between disk subdirectories. Used to change cur-
rent directory to that specified.
Format:
CD [d:][\] or CHDIR [d:][\]
CD [d:]dirpath
Explanation:
Typing CHDIR or CD without any parameters will display the current
directory. Specifying a directory path of ".." pops the current
directory back one level up the directory tree.
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Example(s):
Change the current directory to the root directory; i.e. \ (slash).
CD \
Change current directory to \LEVL1\LEVL2 from \LEVL1\LEVL2\LEVL3.
CD \LEVL1\LEVL2 or CD ..
Display the current directory.
CD
*END*
%CHDIR%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Allows you to move between disk subdirectories. Used to change cur-
rent directory to that specified.
Format:
CHDIR [d:][\] or CHDIR [d:]dirpath
Explanation:
Typing CHDIR (or CD) without any parameters will display the current
directory. Specifying a directory path of ".." pops the current
directory back one level up the directory tree.
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Example(s):
Change the current directory to the root directory; i.e. \ (slash).
CHDIR \
Change current directory to \LEVL1\LEVL2 from \LEVL1\LEVL2\LEVL3.
CHDIR \LEVL1\LEVL2 or CHDIR ..
Display the current directory.
CHDIR
*END*
%CHCP%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
Changes a specified code page.
Format:
CHCP [cp]
cp - selected code page number
Explanation:
This command changes (selects) the specified code page number for
Dr DOS and for all devices which support code page switching.
Typing CHCP without specifying a code page number displays the cur-
rent code page.
*END*
%CHKDSK%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
CHKDSK 7.00 Disk maintenance utility
Analyzes the directories, files, and File Allocation Table on the
specified drive, or default drive, and produces a disk and memory
status report.
Format:
CHKDSK [/Help] [d:] [filespec] [/F] [/V]
filespec Individual files can be checked. Wild cards are allowed.
/F Write corrections back to disk. (Default = Readonly)
/V Verbose mode - displays extra information about files
encountered/
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Explanation:
The check disk command scans a disk and checks it for two things:
space allocation and spacing errors. It then produces a memory and
disk status report which shows how much total space is left on disk,
the amount of space in use in bytes, and the number of files in use.
Example(s):
Check drive B and fix all file allocation errors.
CHKDSK B: /F
*END*
%CLS%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
Clears the video screen.
Format:
CLS
Explanation:
Use this command when you want to clear the video screen.
*END*
%COMP%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
COMP R1.06 File comparison utility
Format:
COMP [/Help] [d:[path]]file.ext [d:[path]]file.ext [/A] [/M:n]
/H Display this help text
/A ASCII compare - print differences as ASCII characters.
/M:n Maximum number of comparison mismatches per file.
d:path Drive/Path of files to be compared.
file.ext Files to be compared - may contain wild card characters.
Explanation:
This command is useful when you want to see if two files contain the
same data. COMP will display any differences on the screen.
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Example(s):
Compare JUNK on drive A to JUNK on drive B.
COMP A:JUNK B:
Compare all files on drive A to all files on drive B.
COMP A: B:
Compare all files on drive A with the extension .ASM to all files
on drive C with the same name.
COMP A:*.ASM C:
*END*
%COPY%
Page 1 of 3
Purpose:
Copies and/or combines files.
Format:
COPY[/A][/B][d:][path]filename[.ext][/A][/B]
[d:][path]filename[.ext][/A][/B][/V] or
COPY[/A][/B][d:][path]filename[.ext][/A][/B]
[+[d:][path]filename[.ext][/A][/B]...]
[d:][path]filename[.ext][/A][/B][/V]
/A Treat as ASCII file. When used with source file name, copies up
to but not including the first Ctrl Z (EOF marker). When used with
target file name, causes Ctrl Z to be added as the last character
of the file, as required by some word processors.
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Format: (cont'd)
/B With source file name, the file is treated as BINARY file. The
entire file is copied regardless of Ctrl Z markers encountered.
With target file name, causes NO Ctrl Z to be added to the file.
/V Verify that target sectors are written correctly. This is the
same as setting the VERIFY command to ON.
/S Includes system files and hidden files in the COPY operation.
/C Asks for confirmation before copying a file or group of files.
/Z Zeroes the top bit of every byte in the destination file.
Explanation:
COPY is used to copy files or groups of files from one directory to
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Page 3 of 3
Explanation: (cont'd)
to another and/or from one disk to another. Wildcard characters may
be used in file specifications.
Example(s):
Copy HELP.DAT from drive A to drive B.
COPY A:HELP.DAT B:
Copy all files from drive B to drive C.
COPY B:*.* C:
Copy FILE1 and FILE2 from drive A into one file named FILE3 on disk
drive C.
COPY A:FILE1 + A:FILE2 C:FILE3
*END*
%CTTY%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Changes the standard input and output console to an auxiliary con-
sole, or restores the keyboard and screen as the standard input and
output devices.
Format:
CTTY device-name
Explanation:
This command is useful when you want to use a terminal connected to
your serial port. The MODE command must be used before this is done
to initialize the serial port to the desired settings.
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Page 2 of 2
Example(s):
Set the standard input and output device to the first serial port.
CTTY COM1:
*END*
%CURSOR%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
CURSOR R1.01 Laptop cursor utility.
Format:
CURSOR [/H] [/Snn] [/C] [OFF]
/Snn Set flash interval. nn is a 2 digit number from 1 to 20;
it is the cursor flash interval in 1/20ths of a second.
/C Enables CGA compatibilty. Specifying this option ensures
display is accessed only during horizontal retrace, pre-
venting the snow effect that occurs on some CGA displays.
OFF Restores the hardware cursor.
Explanation:
CURSOR generates a large cursor with variable flash rate for use on
laptops and portables with high persistance (e.g., LCD) displays.
*END*
%DATE%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Set or display the current system date.
Format:
DATE [mm-dd-yy]
Explanation:
Type DATE without a parameter to display and/or set current system
date. DOS will display the current date and ask you to enter a new
date. You can enter a new date, or press Enter to keep the current
date.
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Example(s):
Set the system date to December 25, 1987.
DATE 12-25-87
Display the current system date.
DATE
*END*
%DEL%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Deletes the specified disk file.
Format:
DEL [d:][path]filename[.ext] [/C] [/S]
/C Prompts you to confirm deletion on a file by file basis
/S Includes deletion of system files
Explanation:
This command erases files that match the filename. Write protected
files cannot be erased. If the global filename characters *.* are
given, DOS will request verification of this command, by displaying:
" Are you sure (Y/N)? " The global filename characters, ? and *,
are allowed.
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Example(s):
Delete all files with the extension .ASM.
DEL *.ASM
Delete all files. DOS will ask to verify this operation.
DEL *.*
Delete the file named FILE1.TXT.
DEL FILE1.TXT
*END*
%DEL/ERASE%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Deletes the specified disk file.
Format:
DEL (or ERASE) [d:][path]filename[.ext] [/C] [/S]
/C Prompts you to confirm deletion on a file by file basis
/S Includes deletion of system files
Explanation:
This command erases files that match the filename. Write protected
files cannot be erased. If the global filename characters *.* are
given, DOS will request verification of this command, by displaying:
" Are you sure (Y/N)? " The global filename characters, ? and *,
are allowed.
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Example(s):
Delete all files with the extension .ASM.
DEL *.ASM
Delete all files. DOS will ask to verify this operation.
DEL *.*
Delete the file named FILE1.TXT.
ERASE FILE1.TXT
*END*
%DELPURGE%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
DELPURGE R1.00 Delwatch File and Directory purge
Used to free diskspace occupied by "pending-delete" files.
Format:
DELPURGE [/Help] [d:][path][filespec] [options]
d: drive to search
path directory where search begins (default is current)
filespec file or directory to purge (wildcards allowed)
/A purge all Delwatch files that match wildspec without
prompting
/D:mm-dd-yy only purge Delwatch files deleted before specified
date
/D:-num only purge Delwatch files deleted more than 'num'
days ago
e.g., /D:-7 purges files deleted more than a week ago
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Format: (cont'd)
/L list all Delwatch files that match wildspec (will not
purge)
/P pause after each page is displayed
/S operate on Delwatch files in subdirectories
/T:hh:mm:ss only purge Delwatch files deleted before a specified
time
Explanation:
When the DELWATCH TSR is active and you delete a file, the file is
not actually deleted - it is merely marked as "pending delete". The
disk space is still in use. DELPURGE is used to actually carry out
the delete operation and free up the disk space.
*END*
%DELQ%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Deletes the specified disk file(s), automatically querying for con-
firmation before deleting.
Format:
DELQ [d:][path]filename[.ext] [/S]
/S Includes deletion of system files
Explanation:
This command erases files that match the filename. Write protected
files cannot be erased. The global filename characters, "?" and
"*", are allowed.
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Example(s):
Delete - after confirmation - all files with the extension .ASM.
DELQ *.ASM
Delete - after confirmation - the file named FILE1.TXT.
DELQ FILE1.TXT
*END*
%DELQ/ERAQ%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Deletes the specified disk file(s), automatically querying for con-
firmation before deleting.
Format:
DELQ (or ERAQ) [d:][path]filename[.ext] [/S]
/S Includes deletion of system files
Explanation:
This command erases files that match the filename. Write protected
files cannot be erased. The global filename characters, "?" and
"*", are allowed.
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Example(s):
Delete - after confirmation - all files with the extension .ASM.
DELQ *.ASM
Delete - after confirmation - the file named FILE1.TXT.
ERAQ FILE1.TXT
*END*
%DELWATCH%
Page 1 of 4
Purpose:
DELWATCH R1.00 Utility to install the DELWATCH TSR
Format:
DELWATCH d: [d:..] [switches]
d: drive letter of drive to be enabled or disabled (must not
not be a network or substituted drive). If more than one
drive is to be enabled, then any switches apply to all the
drives. If different values are required for different
drives, then multiple DELWATCH commands must be entered.
/S Display DELWATCH status.
/MU Load DELWATCH TSR into upper memory. If none available, do
not install.
/ML Load DELWATCH TSR into lower memory (TPA space), even if
upper memory is available.
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Format: (cont'd)
/D Disable DELWATCH on specified drives. This switch cannot
be used with any other switch.
If /D is not specified, DELWATCH is enabled for the speci-
fied drives. The following switches apply:
/B:nnn Specify how many files of the same name, in the same dir-
directory, are to be saved (eg. <.BAK> files). Once the
specified number is reached, the least recently deleted
file of that name is removed. The minimum is 1, the maxi-
mum is 65535, and the default is 1.
/O:ext[+ext..]
Save only files with the specifed extensions. A maximum
of 10 extensions can be specified, where 'ext' is a file
extension optionally preceded by '.'.
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Format: (cont'd)
No spaces are allowed. A null file extension can be speci-
fied using a single '.', e.g., '/o:.+exe'. The wildcard
character '?' is allowed.
/E:ext[+ext..]
Save all files except those with the specified extensions.
A maximum of 10 extensions can be specified. This switch
cannot be used with the /O switch.
/F:nnn Specify the maximum number of files to be saved. The min-
imum is 1, the maximum is 65535, and the default is 200
for a hard disk, and 20 for a floppy disk.
/F:ALL Save all files; i.e., do not purge any files even if the
disk becomes full.
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Explanation:
The DELWATCH command is used to install/uninstall the DELWATCH TSR.
When the DELWATCH TSR is active, a file you delete is not actually
deleted. It is merely marked as "pending delete." The disk space
remains in use. The file will not be listed by the DIR command, but
the file still exists. It can be fully recovered using the UNDELETE
command, or it can be deleted for real by using the DELPURGE com-
mmand.
Even after a reboot with the DELWATCH TSR no longer active, space
occupied by "pending delete" files is not available for use until
a DELPURGE command is eventually run.
*END*
%DIR%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Displays a list of file names in the specified directory, or current
directory if none is specified.
Format:
DIR [d:][path][filename[.ext]] [/D][/S][/A][/L][/R][/C][/P][/W]
/D display files where the system attribute is reset
/S displays all files with the system attribute set
/A displays all files
/L includes file size and date/time stamp
/R tells Dr DOS to remember new switches as defaults for DIR
/C tells Dr DOS to remember thse switches for next DIR
/P pause after each full page screen display
/W list in wide format across the screen
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Explanation:
DIR displays the file contents of a disk directory. Without switches
DIR does not display hidden or system files. The use of wildcards,
such as "*" and "?", allow you to specify multiple files or groups
of files.
Example(s):
Show all files in the current drive and directory with a file exten-
sion of .WP
DIR *.WP
Show all files on drive A.
DIR A:
*END*
%DISKCOMP%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
DISKCOMP R2.00 Floppy diskette comparison utility
Format:
DISKCOMP [d:] [d:] [/1] [/8] [/V]
d: drive specification for *REMOVABLE* drive
/1 compare first side only of double sided diskette
/8 compare only first eight sectors per track of diskette
/A provides audible warning for diskette change and comparison
complete
/M compare multiple copies of a single disk or image file
/V verify that all tracks can be read (other switches ignored)
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Explanation:
DISKCOMP compares two entire diskettes track by track. This is use-
ful to verify that a DISKCOPY operation was successful.
Older versions of DOS only used one side of the diskette, and 8 sec-
per track. New versions use two sides of the disk, and 9 sectors per
track; this allows for more data to be stored on each diskette. The
/1 and /8 parameters are not necessary with DrDOS or new versions of
DOS.
Example(s):
Compare the double sided 9 sector diskettes in drives A and B.
DISKCOMP A: B:
*END*
%DISKCOPY%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
DISKCOPY R1.33 Floppy diskette duplication
Format:
DISKCOPY [s:] [d:] [/1]
s: drive containing source diskette
d: drive containing destination diskette
/1 copy side 0 only
Explanation:
The DISKCOPY command copies an entire diskette and formats the dest-
ination disk if necessary. If you have only one disk drive, DISKCOPY
will tell you when to change the disks. **NOTE: DISKCOPY will copy
only between two identical drive types and floppy types.
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Explanation: (cont'd)
The DISKCOPY command also copies the floppy volume label. This com-
mand will not work even using a single drive if the source and dest-
ination floppies are of different densities.
In general, the DISKCOPY command is not a good method of copying
diskettes because it preserves the often found inefficient ordering
of data. Use the FORMAT and COPY or XCOPY commands instead.
Example(s):
Duplicate floppies using drive B only.
DISKCOPY B: B:
*END*
%DISKMAP%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
DISKMAP R1.00 Undelete assistance utility.
Format:
DISKMAP [/D] drive: [drive: [drive:]...]
/D Recreate DISKMAP file ignoring existing information.
Explanation:
DISKMAP provides a way of saving information about deleted files to
help UNDELETE find them for recovery operation.
DISKMAP makes a copy of the FAT(File Allocation Table) on a disk and
saves it until the next time DISKMAP is run. This table provides a
pointer to the original location of deleted files. This data can be
used by the UNDELETE command to restore a deleted file *AS LONG AS*
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Explanation: (cont'd)
that disk space has not been reallocated to another file.
DELWATCH guarantees successful recovery of deleted files, but costs
you in terms of disk space and application memory consumed. DISK-
MAP does not consume application memory, but does not guarantee file
recovery of deleted files will be possible.
*END*
%DISKOPT%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
DISKOPT R1.00 Optimize the layout of the files on disk.
Format:
DISKOPT [drive:] [/B]
/B Force monochrome attributes on the display.
Explanation:
DISKOPT is a menu driven utility used to rewrite/reorganize data on
the specified disk to make file(s) contiguous versus fragmented. It
will optionally sort directories and move all free space to the end
of the disk.
*END*
%EDITOR%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
EDITOR R2.00 Full Screen Text Editor
Format:
EDITOR [/Help] [d:][path][filename[.ext]]
Explanation:
EDITOR is a text editor. It can be used to create, alter or just
read through a file of ASCII text.
The command line file specification is the drive, path and file-
name of the file to be edited. If you do not supply this on the
command line, EDITOR will prompt you for it. If the file does not
exist EDITOR will ask you if you wish to create it. Online help is
available when executing EDITOR by pressing Cntrl-J.
*END*
%ERAQ%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Deletes the specified disk file(s), automatically querying for con-
firmation before deleting.
Format:
ERAQ [d:][path]filename[.ext] [/S]
/S Includes deletion of system files
Explanation:
This command erases files that match the filename. Write protected
files cannot be erased. The global filename characters, "?" and
"*", are allowed.
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Example(s):
Delete - after confirmation - all files with the extension .ASM.
ERAQ *.ASM
Delete - after confirmation - the file named FILE1.TXT.
ERAQ FILE1.TXT
*END*
%ERASE%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Deletes the specified disk file.
Format:
ERASE [d:][path]filename[.ext] [/C] [/S]
/C Prompts you to confirm deletion on a file by file basis
/S Includes deletion of system files
Explanation:
This command erases files that match the filename. Write protected
files cannot be erased. If the global filename characters *.* are
given, DOS will request verification of this command, by displaying:
" Are you sure (Y/N)? " The global filename characters, ? and *,
are allowed.
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Page 2 of 2
Example(s):
Delete all files with the extension .ASM.
ERASE *.ASM
Delete all files. DOS will ask to verify this operation.
ERASE *.*
Delete the file named FILE1.TXT.
ERASE FILE1.TXT
*END*
%EXE2BIN%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
EXE2BIN R1.00 Convert EXE files to BIN or COM files.
Format:
EXE2BIN [/H] [file1[.ex1]] [file2[.ex2]] [/Sxxxx]
file1 This is the source EXE type file. The file must have a
valid EXE header. If no extension is specified a de-
fault of .exe is added. File1 can include a valid path.
file2 This is the destination filename. If file2 is given
with no extension, then .bin or .com is added depending
on the contents of the source EXE header. If file2 is
not specified then file1 is used with a .bin or .com
extension. File2 can include a valid path.
/Sxxxx xxxx is a (maximum of) 4 digit hex value which will be
used as the base for any segment fixups which are re-
quired for a BIN type file.
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Page 2 of 2
Explanation:
EXE2BIN converts EXE type executable files produced by a DOS linker
into binary image files (usually with a .bin extension) or .com exe-
cutable files. Whether the destination file is a BIN or a COM type
depends on the initial IP field in the EXE file's header. A value
of 0 will result in a BIN type file and a value of 100h will result
in a COM type file. The destination filename extension does NOT
effect this.
Example(s):
Convert the file data.exe to data.bin.
EXE2BIN data
*END*
%FC%
Page 1 of 3
Purpose:
FC R1.00 ASCII/Binary File Compare Utility.
Format:
FC [@]oldfile newfile [/A] [/B] [/C] [/Gn] [/L] [/Mn] [/W]
oldfile Path and filename of old file. May contain wildcards. If
oldfile is preceded by a '@' it is treated as a filelist
containing the names of the files to be compared.
newfile Path and filename of new file. May contain wildcards. If
oldfile is a file list, newfile just specifies the path
where the new files are located.
/A Abbreviate output during an ASCII comparison.
/B Force a binary comparison.
/C Ignore case during an ASCII comparison.
/Gn Change the number of lines which must match before a re-
synchronization occurs. Default is 5.
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Page 2 of 3
Format: (cont'd)
/L Force an ASCII line by line comparison.
/Mn Change the maximum number of mismatches which can occur
during a binary comparison. Default is 20. Unlimited=0.
/W Ignore white space (spaces and tabs) during ASCII com-
parison.
FC defaults to binary comparison for .EXE, .COM, .SYS, .OBJ, .BIN,
and .LIB files.
Explanation:
FC compares the contents of ASCII text files or binary files and
displays the differences detected. FC determines the type of file
being compared from the file extension and then performs the compar-
ison in either binary or text mode.
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Page 3 of 3
Explanation: (cont'd)
FC compares the contents of the two files line by line and then gen-
erates displays indicating what lines need to be inserted, deleted,
or replaced to make
*END*
%FDISK%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
Prepares a hard disk for formatting.
Format:
FDISK
Explanation:
A new hard disk is not usable until the surface has been partitioned
and then formatted. FDISK does the partitioning. Then utilize the
use the FORMAT command to format the disk. You only have to use the
FDISK command once. *** WARNING *** The FDISK command destroys all
files on the disk!
See the Dr DOS User Guide for a detailed explanation of FDISK.
*END*
%FILELINK%
Page 1 of 3
Purpose:
FILELINK R1.05 File transfer utility. Used to transfer files be-
tween two computers connected via their serial communications ports.
Format:
FILELINK [/H] command [@][src_spec] [dest_spec] [COMn:b] [switches]
FILELINK SETUP [COMn:b] configure FILELINK to use COM port n for
baud rate b
FILELINK DUPLICATE transfer FILELINK to other computer via
COM port
FILELINK SLAVE [/X] enter slave mode
FILELINK DIRECTORY [filespec] show directory of slave computer
FILELINK QUIT terminate FILELINK running on slave com-
puter
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Page 2 of 3
Format: (cont'd)
FILELINK TRANSMIT [@]src_spec [dest_spec] [switches]
Copy src_spec files from master to slave. (@ preceeds a file list.)
Use dest_spec to specify the destination path on slave.
FILELINK RECEIVE [@]src_spec [dest_spec] [switches]
Copy src_spec files from slave to master. (@ precedes a file list.)
Use dest_spec to specify the destination path on master.
All commands may include a COMn:b parameter to override the default
port configuration set with the FILELINK SETUP command.
/A only transfer files with archive attribute
/D:mm-dd-yy only transfer files modified since specified date
/H transfer files with hidden or system attributes
/U only transfer files that don't exist on destination,
or exist but with an earlier date stamp
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Page 3 of 3
Format: (cont'd)
/M only transfer files with archive attribute
/P (TRANSMIT/RECEIVE) prompt before transfering each file
/P (DIRECTORY) page directory display
/R overwrite read-only files
/S copy files in sub-directories
/X do not allow any file on slave to be overwritten
Explanation:
Used to establish a master-slave communication link between two PCs
that have been connected together via a cable between their serial
commumications ports. The communications link provides a mechanism
for inter-PC file transfers. See Dr DOS User Guide for more details.
*END*
%FIND%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
FIND R1.44 Searches for a pattern of letters in a text file.
Format:
FIND [options] "search string" [@][[d:][path]filename[.ext]...]
/B change display format
/C show only the number of lines containing "string"
/F show only the name of files that contain "string"
/N display line numbers
/S search files in sub-directories
/U case-sensitive search (eg 'A' doesn't match 'a')
/V display lines not containing "string"
@ the filename that follows is the name of a file list
d: drive which find is to search
path directory where search is to begin
filename.ext file to be searched (wildcards allowed)
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Page 2 of 2
Explanation:
Use FIND to search text files for a specified string of characters.
Example(s):
Display lines from the file PROG that DO NOT contain the letter F.
FIND/V "F" PROG
Display how many lines in the file PROG that contain the name JOE.
FIND/C "JOE" PROG
*END*
%FORMAT%
Page 1 of 3
Purpose:
FORMAT R2.00 Disk / diskette format program
Format:
FORMAT [d:] [options]
d: drive containing diskette to be formatted
/V prompt for volume label
/B leave space for OS system files (5.25 inch drives only)
/S transfer DrDOS O/S system files, including COMMAND.COM,
to root (\) directory of disk after formatting
/8 set sectors per track to 8 (5.25 inch drives only)
/1 set to single sided (5.25 inch drives only)
/4 reduce format to 8/9 sectors (hyperdrives only)
/N:8 set sectors per track
/T:40 set tracks to be formatted (40 or 80 only)
/F:360 capacity of disk to be formatted (160, 180, 320, 360,
1200, 720 or 1440)
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Page 2 of 3
Format: (cont'd)
/A provide audible warning when format complete
/X allow formatting of fixed (non-removable) media drives
Explanation:
A new disk, including a hard disk, must be prepared before it is
used for the first time. ***** WARNING ***** The FORMAT command des-
troys all files on the disk! The following table of parameters is
allowed for each type of disk:
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
³ DISK ³ PARAMETERS ALLOWED ³
ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ´
³ 160K/180K ³ /S, /V, /1, /8, /B, /4 ³
³ 320K/360K ³ /S, /V, /1, /8, /B, /4 ³
³ 720K/1.44M ³ /S, /V, /N, /T ³
³ 1.2M ³ /S, /V, /N, /T ³
³ FIXED DISK ³ /S, /V /X ³
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
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Page 3 of 3
Example(s):
Format the disk in drive A and make it a bootable system disk.
FORMAT A: /S
Format a 720K diskette in a 1.44M drive.
FORMAT A: /N:9 /T:80
*END*
%GRAFTABL%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
GRAFTABL R1.01 Graphics character set support,
Format:
GRAFTABL [/Help] [code] [/STATUS]
code 437 USA (Default if no code)
865 Norway
860 Portugal
863 French Canadian
850 Multilingual
/STATUS Display current status
Explanation:
Use GRAFTABL to display foreign language characters when in graphics
mode on the color/graphics adapter (CGA).
*END*
%GRAPHICS%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
GRAPHICS R1.01 Graphics screen print utility
Format:
graphics [COLOR] [/R]
/R Reverse black and white dots.
COLOR Use color printer.
Explanation:
Allows the contents of a graphics screen to be printed on a printer
which can print graphics.
*END*
%JOIN%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
JOIN R1.00 Join physical drives.
Format:
JOIN [/Help] [d: path | /D]
d: drive to JOIN
path root directory to JOIN to
/D undo JOIN on d:
Explanation:
Connects a drive to a directory on another drive to produce a single
directory structure from two separate directories.
*END*
%KEYB%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
KEYB R2.06 National keyboard utility
Format:
KEYB code[+|-][,codepage] [/MH] [/MU] [/ML]
Country Codepages Country Codepages
BE - Belgium 437 850 PO - Portugal 860 850
CF - Canada (French) 863 850 SF - Swiss (French) 437 850
DK - Denmark 865 850 SG - Swiss (German) 437 850
FR - France 437 850 SP - Spain 437 850
GR - Germany 437 850 SV - Sweden 437 850
IT - Italy 437 850 SU - Finland 437 850
LA - Latin America 437 850 UK - United Kingdom 437 850
NL - Netherlands 437 850 US - United States 437 850
NO - Norway 865 850
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Page 2 of 2
Format: (cont'd)
+ Force keyboard type to enhanced
- Force keyboard type to non-enhanced
/MH Load KEYB into high memory (HMA)
/MU Load KEYB into upper memory
/ML Load KEYB into conventional memory
If codepage is omitted then the 1st, (local), codepage shown will be
assumed.
Explanation:
Loads a keyboard program that replaces the keyboard program resident
in the ROM BIOS. This will allow support of non-U.S. keyboards.
*END*
%LABEL%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Allows you to create, change, or delete a volume label on a disk.
Format:
LABEL [d:] [volume label]
Explanation:
The LABEL command is used to assign or write an identifying label on
a disk drive volume. Typically, the label is used to readily ident-
ify what information is contained on the disk, or what the disk is
used for. A label can also be written on the disk when it is for-
matted by using the FORMAT command with the /V parameter. Or, you
can assign or change a disk label by using the LABEL command. Labels
cannot exceed 11 alpha-numeric characters.
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Page 2 of 2
Example(s):
LABEL will show any label currently on the disk in drive A and query
if you want to change or delete the current label.
LABEL A:
Write a volume label of "HELP_FILES" on the disk in drive A.
LABEL A: HELP_FILES
*END*
%MD%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Creates a subdirectory on the specified disk within the specified
directory.
Format:
MD [d:]path
Example(s):
Create a subdirectory named LEVEL1 under the current directory.
MD LEVEL1
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Page 2 of 2
Example(s):
Create a subdirectory named ADP under the root directory of drive C.
MD \ADP
Create a subdirectory named ELEC under the directory named UTILS.
MD \UTILS\ELEC
*END*
%LOCK%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
LOCK R1.00 System and Keyboard Lock.
Format:
LOCK [/H]|[password]
/H Help. Gives help on this command.
password Password to use to re-gain entry.
Explanation:
Use LOCK to temporarily lock your operating system while you leave
your PC unattended without switching it off. You specify a password
to use to unlock the system, or alternatively the User Key password
that you typed to login can be used to re-gain entry. **NOTE**: For
non-secure systems, a LOCK password must be specified.
*END*
%LOGIN%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
LOGIN R1.00 DRDOS Login command.
Format:
LOGIN [/Help] [dirpath]
dirpath new default directory for system security files
/H displays this help text.
Explanation:
The LOGIN command is used to display the directory containing the
system security files, or to change the default directory used for
the system security files.
*END*
%MD/MKDIR%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Creates a subdirectory on the specified disk within the specified
directory.
Format:
MKDIR [d:]path or MD [d:]path
Example(s):
Create a subdirectory named LEVEL1 under the current directory.
MD LEVEL1
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Page 2 of 2
Example(s):
Create a subdirectory named ADP under the root directory of drive C.
MD \ADP
Create a subdirectory named ELEC under the directory named UTILS.
MD \UTILS\ELEC
*END*
%MEM%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
MEM R1.04 Memory usage utility
Show current memory utilization.
Format:
MEM [/Help] | [/B] [/D] [/S] [/M] [/A] [/P]
/H Display this help text
/B Show memory blocks in conventional memory
/U Show memory blocks in upper memory
/F Show memory blocks in high memory
/D Show device drivers
/S Show system structures
/M Show system memory map
/A Show all information
/P Pause listing at each page
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Page 2 of 2
Examples:
Show the total amount of memory available in use (i.e., no switch).
MEM (resulting display is shown below)
ÚÄÄ Memory Type ÄÄÄÂÄ Total Bytes(Kbytes ) ÄÂÄÄÄÄÄ Available ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
³ ³ ³ ³
³ Conventional ³ 655,360 ( 640K ) ³ 610,736 ( 596K ) ³
³ High ³ 65,520 ( 64K ) ³ 0 ( 0K ) ³
³ Extended ³ 3,145,728 ( 3,072K ) ³ 0 ( 0K ) ³
³ Extended via XMS ³ N/A ³ 2,719,744 ( 2,656K ) ³
³ EMS ³ 3,440,640 ( 3,360K ) ³ 2,785,280 ( 2,720K ) ³
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
Show current upper memory utilization and device drivers in use.
MEM /U /D
*END*
%MEMMAX%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
MEMMAX R2.00 Memory extension control.
Provide control of utilization of upper and lower memory.
Format:
MEMMAX [/Help] [+|-U] [+|-L] [/U] [/L]
+U opens upper memory for HILOAD (-U closes it)
+L opens lower memory for programs (-L closes it)
+V maps memory into video memory space (-V unmaps it)
/U displays upper memory status
/L displays lower memory status
/V displays video memory status
Upper memory is memory between 640 Kb and 1 Mb. Lower memory is
memory in the first 64 Kb.
*END*
%MKDIR%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Creates a subdirectory on the specified disk within the specified
directory.
Format:
MKDIR [d:]path
Example(s):
Create a subdirectory named LEVEL1 under the current directory.
MKDIR LEVEL1
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Page 2 of 2
Example(s):
Create a subdirectory named ADP under the root directory of drive C.
MKDIR \ADP
Create a subdirectory named ELEC under the directory named UTILS.
MKDIR \UTILS\ELEC
*END*
%MODE%
Page 1 of 5
Purpose:
MODE R1.22 Printer and screen mode utility.
Set the way that a printer, a color/graphics monitor adapter, or
asynchronous communications adapter operates.
Format:
MODE LPT#:[n][,[m][,[P][,s]]]
or LPT#:=COMn
or mode[,lines]
or [mode],m[,T]
or CON: [LINES=lines] [COLS=cols] [RATE=r DELAY=d]
or COM#:b[,p][,d][,s][,P]
or device CODEPAGE options
Each format of MODE command is explained in detail as follows:
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Page 2 of 5
Format: (cont'd)
LPT#:n,m,P Set-up printer
#=Printer port number, n=characters per line (80, 132),
m=lines per inch (6 or 8), and P=Continuous retry on timeout
LPT#:=COMn Redirect printer port # output to serial port n
mode,lines Set display mode
mode= 40 or BW40 - 40 columns no color (CGA)
80 or BW80 - 80 columns no color (CGA)
CO40 - 40 columns color (CGA)
CO80 - 80 columns color (CGA)
MONO - 80 columns (MDA)
lines= # of text rows: 25, 43 or 50
[mode],m[,T] Set display mode parameter as described above
m=CGA display shift direction: L or R
T=show test pattern
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Page 3 of 5
Format: (cont'd)
CON: LINES = lines lines = number of text rows: 25, 43, or 50
CON: COLS = cols cols=number of text columns: 40 or 80
CON: RATE = r DELAY = d r=keyboard typematic rate: 1..32
d=keyboard typematic delay: 1..4
COM#:b,p,d,s,P Set serial port #=serial port number
b=baud rate - 110..19200
p=parity - E(ven), N(one) or O(dd)
d=data bits - 7 or 8
s=stop bits - 1 or 2
P=Continuous retry on timeout
device CODEPAGE PREPARE=((cplist) [d:][path]filename[.ext])
device one of CON, PRN, LPT1, etc
cplist one or more of 437, 850, 860, 863, 865
filename specifies the file containing the character shapes
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Page 4 of 5
Format: (cont'd)
device CODEPAGE SELECT=cp
device one of CON, PRN, LPT1, etc
cp one of 437, 850, 860, 863, 865
device CODEPAGE REFRESH
device one of CON, PRN, LPT1, etc
device CODEPAGE /STATUS
device one of CON, PRN, LPT1, etc
Explanation:
Set the way that a printer, a color/graphics monitor adapter, or
asynchronous communications adapter operates. See examples below.
See the Dr DOS User Guide for a much more thorough treatment of the
MODE command and its multitude of options.
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Page 5 of 5
Example(s):
Set the screen to color mode with 80 columns
MODE CO80
Set the first communications port to 1200 baud, no parity, 8 data
bits, and 1 stopbit.
MODE COM1:1200,N,8,1
Set the first parallel printer to 132 columns per line.
MODE LPT1:132
*END*
%MORE%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
Stops the screen from scrolling when it is full.
Format:
MORE
Example(s):
Display the file SAMPLE.DAT on the screen and pause when each screen
is full.
MORE
%MOVE%
Page 1 of 3
Purpose:
MOVE R1.00 File / directory move
Format:
MOVE [/Help] [@][d:][path][filename[.ext]]
[d:][path][filename[.ext]] [/Option(s)]
The first file specification is the drive, path and name of the
source to be moved (wildcard name allowed only when moving files).
This specification must be present. Use '@' to specify that the
given source contains a list of sources to be moved. The second
name is the destination drive and path to which sources will be
moved. Files will be moved to reside under the destination path,
directories will be moved to be subdirectories of the destination
path.
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Page 2 of 3
Format: (cont'd)
Optional switches include:
/A only move files with the archive attribute
/D:mm-dd-yy only move files modified since specified date
/H move files with hidden or system attributes
/M only move files with the archive attribute, reset the
attribute
/P prompt before moving each file or directory
/R overwrite read-only files
/S move files in subdirectories
/T move branches of directory tree
/V verify that data is written correctly
/W wait for disks to be changed
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Page 3 of 3
Explanation:
Use the MOVE command to move a file, group of files, or subdirectory
from one location to another on the same or a different disk. MOVE
actually copies each specified file or subdirectory to the specified
target location and then deletes the original file or subdirectory.
Therefore, read-only files are copied, but the originals are not de-
leted.
Example(s):
Move all files with an extension of .txt from the "A:\tax" directory
to the "C:\txtfiles" directory on the hard drive.
MOVE A:\TAX\*.TXT C:\TXTFILES
*END*
%NLSFUNC%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
NLSFUNC R3.02 National Language Support.
Format:
NLSFUNC [[d:]path|/H]
d:path Drive and path of COUNTRY.SYS file.
/H Display help screen.
/MH Load NLSFUNC into high (HMA) memory
/MU Load NLSFUNC into upper memory
/ML Load NLSFUNC into conventional memory
Explanation:
NLSFUNC provides support for extended country information and allows
you to use the CHCP command to select code pages for all devices set
up to use them.
*END*
%PASSWORD%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
PASSWORD R1.52 Display or change password protection level
Format:
PASSWORD [@][d:][path][filename.ext] [/R|W|D|P|G[:password]] [/N][/S]
/R[:passwd] "passwd" required to read, write or delete the FILE
/W[:passwd] "passwd" required to write or delete the FILE
/D[:passwd] "passwd" required only to delete the FILE
/P[:passwd] "passwd" required for all access to the DIRECTORY
/G[:passwd] set global default password
/N remove password protection from file
/NP remove password protection from directory
/NG remove global default password
/S operate on files or directories in subdirectories
Multiple files may be specified on the command line.
Use '@' to specify that the filename that follows is a file list.
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Page 2 of 2
Explanation:
The PASSWORD command is used to assign password protection to files
or paths.
Example(s):
Assign the password "SUZIE" to the file EYESOFF.LTR.
PASSWORD eyesoff.ltr /r:SUZIE
*END*
%PATH%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Establishes a search path for program execution.
Format:
PATH [d:]path[[;[d:]path...] or PATH ;
Explanation:
A hard disk is divided into subdirectories to make it more manage-
able. However, this type of structure has its advantages and disad-
vantages. When you want to run a program, you must know where the
program is located in order for Dr DOS to find it, and then run it.
You can use the PATH command to tell Dr DOS where to search for pro-
grams you want to run. You may specify a list of drives and path-
names, separated by semicolons. Then, when you enter a command that
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Page 2 of 2
Explanation: (cont'd)
is not found in the current drive and directory, Dr DOS will search
all drives and directories on the path, for that program file name.
Example(s):
Show the current path setting (if any).
PATH
Tell Dr DOS to search the current directory (default), then the ROOT
directory, then the directory named UTILS.
PATH C:\;C:\UTILS
Remove all previous path settings.
PATH ;
*END*
%PRINT%
Page 1 of 3
Purpose:
Prints a queue (a list) of data files on the printer while you are
doing other jobs on the computer.
PRINT R1.20 Print a queue of files in the background
Format:
PRINT [/D:device][/B:buffsiz][/U:busytick][/M:maxtick]
[/S:timeslice][/Q:quesiz][/C][/P][/T] [filespec...]
/C cancel the preceding and all following filenames
/P print the preceding and all following filenames
/T cancel all files on queue
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Page 2 of 3
Explanation:
/S:timeslice - to specify the time-slice value. Default is 8 slices.
The range is 1 to 255.
/U:busytick - to specify the number of clock ticks that PRINT will
wait until print device is available. Default is 1.
/M:maxtick - to specify how many clock ticks PRINT has to print
characters to the printer. Default is 2. The range
is 1 to 255.
/T - to set Terminate mode. All queued files are canceled
from the print queue.
/C - to set the cancel mode. Allows you to select which
files to cancel.
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Page 3 of 3
Explanation: (cont'd)
/P - to set the print mode. The preceding filename + all
following filenames are added to the print queue until
/C is found on the command line, or you press Enter.
Example(s):
Print all files with the extension .TXT in the current directory.
PRINT *.TXT
*END*
%PROMPT%
Page 1 of 3
Purpose:
Defines the DOS command line prompt.
Format:
PROMPT [prompt-text]
Explanation:
Where prompt-text specifies the new text for the DOS prompt. This
can contain special characters in the form $p. These special char-
acters are as follows:
$ the $ character l the < character
t the time b the | character
d the date q the = character
p the current directory h the backspace character
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Page 2 of 3
Explanation: (cont'd)
v the DOS version number e the ESCape character
n the default drive letter _ the CR LF sequence
g the > character
The initial DOS prompt is the drive letter followed by the ">" char-
acter. However, the prompt can be changed to something else, which
you may prefer over the default DOS prompt. A popular prompt is the
$p$g prompt. This makes the prompt the current drive letter, plus
the current directory, and then the ">" character. This is useful
when using a hard disk with several subdirectories.
You can get very creative with the PROMPT command.
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Page 3 of 3
Example(s):
Make the DOS prompt the current directory name and the greater than
sign (C:\UTILS>).
PROMPT $P$G
Make the prompt the system time and date.
PROMPT $T$D
*END*
%RD%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
Deletes a subdirectory from the disk.
Format:
RD [d:]path
Explanation:
This command removes a subdirectory from the disk, but only after
all the files have been deleted with the DEL command. Some programs
write hidden files that cannot be deleted using the DEL command.
Then the RD command will not work on this subdirectory.
Example(s):
Delete the subdirectory named UTILS.
RD \UTILS
*END*
%RD/RMDIR%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
Deletes a subdirectory from the disk.
Format:
RMDIR [d:]path or RD [d:]path
Explanation:
This command removes a subdirectory from the disk, but only after
all the files have been deleted with the DEL command. Some programs
write hidden files that cannot be deleted using the DEL command.
Then the RD command will not work on this subdirectory.
Example(s):
Delete the subdirectory named UTILS.
RD \UTILS
*END*
%RECOVER%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
RECOVER R1.02 Recover lost data from a damaged disk
Format:
RECOVER d:
Recover cluster chains into files. Used only if root directory is
corrupted.
RECOVER [d:][path]filespec
Recover file(s) containing bad sectors.
Explanation:
The RECOVER command enables you to retrieve information from files
that have been corrupted. If you have a file that is only partially
readable, it removes unreadable parts so that the rest is usable.
*END*
%REN%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Renames a disk file.
Format:
REN[AME] [d:][path]filename[.ext] filename[.ext]
Explanation:
The RENAME command changes the name of a disk file. Only the name
is changed; the file itself is not altered. The wild card symbols, ?
and *, may be used, but they should occur in identical positions in
both names or only be used in one name.
Either REN or RENAME can be used.
.cp
Page 2 of 2
Example(s):
Rename all files named JOE with any extension to JIM with the same
extension.
RENAME JOE.* JIM.*
*END*
%RENDIR%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
RENDIR R1.00 In-situ directory rename utility
Format:
RENDIR [/Help] [d:]pathname [d:]pathname
The first pathname is the directory to be renamed; the second is the
new directory name.
/H gives this help screen.
d: is the drive on which both pathnames reside.
Explanation:
RENDIR is used to rename a directory or subdirectory. The level of
indenture in the directory tree can not be changed in the process.
.cp
Page 2 of 2
Examples:
RENDIR c:\fred c:\bill - legal
RENDIR c:\fred c:\alan\bill - ILLEGAL
RENDIR c:\alan\fred c:\alan\bill - legal
RENDIR c:\john\bill c:\bill - ILLEGAL
*END*
%REPLACE%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
Selectively replaces files on the target with files of the same name
from the source.
REPLACE R1.44 Selective file copy
Format:
REPLACE [/Help] [@][d:][path][filename[.ext]] [d:][path] [/options]
The first file specification is the drive, path and name of file(s)
to be copied (wildcard filenames allowed). This specification must
be present. Use '@' to specify that the given file contains a list
of files to be copied.
The second file specification is the destination drive and path to
which files will be copied. Default is the current drive and path.
.cp
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Format: (cont'd)
/A only copy files that do not exist on the destination
/H don't ignore files with hidden or system attributes
/M merge changed files on source with unchanged files on
destination
/N preview operation - do not actually copy any files
/P prompt before copying each file
/R overwrite read-only files
/S copy files in subdirectories
/U only replace files older on the destination than the
source
/W wait for disks to be changed
Example(s):
Replace all files named JOE.TXT on your fixed disk drive C from your
floppy drive A.
REPLACE A:JOE.TXT C:\ /S
*END*
%RESTORE%
Page 1 of 2
Purpose:
RESTORE R2.00 Restore files saved by BACKUP
Restores one or more backed-up files from one disk to another disk.
Format:
RESTORE [/Help] d: [[d:][path]filename] [/switches]
/A:mm-dd-yy restore files modified on or after specified date
/B:mm-dd-yy restore files modified on or before specified date
/E:hh:mm:ss restore files modified at or earlier than specified
time
/L:hh:mm:ss restore files modified at or later than a specified
time
/M restore files modified or deleted since last backup
/N restore files that no longer exist on the destination
/P prompt before restoring files changed since last backup
.cp
Page 2 of 2
Format: (cont'd)
/R report names of files which WOULD be restored - take no
action
/S restore files in subdirectories also
Example(s):
Restore all files from the backup diskettes to disk drice C.
RESTORE A: C:\*.* /S
*END*
%RMDIR%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
Deletes a subdirectory from the disk.
Format:
RMDIR [d:]path
Explanation:
This command removes a subdirectory from the disk, but only after
all the files have been deleted with the DEL command. Some programs
write hidden files that cannot be deleted using the DEL command.
Then the RMDIR command will not work on this subdirectory.
Example(s):
Delete the subdirectory named UTILS.
RMDIR \UTILS
*END*
%SCRIPT%
Page 1 of 1
Purpose:
SCRIPT R1.0 PostScript printing utility
Format:
SCRIPT [/Help] [/U] [
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This is so awesome! 😀 I’d be cool if you could download an entire archive of this at once, though.
But one thing that puzzles me is the “mtswslnkmcjklsdlsbdmMICROSOFT” string. There is an article about it here. It is definitely worth a read: http://www.os2museum.com/wp/mtswslnk/